Education and Role Title as Predictors of Enacted (Actual) Scope of Practice in Generalist Nurses in a Pediatric Academic Health Sciences Center.

Objective: The aim of this study is to document the enacted (actual) scope of practice (SOP) of nurses in pediatric settings in relation to education level and position.

Background: Baccalaureate-prepared staff nurses routinely carry out only a fraction of the activities essential for quality of care and patient safety they have been educated for. A direct care nurse clinician role exists for nurses with bachelor's degrees in Quebec, Canada.

Adolescent Reproductive Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs and Future Fatherhood.

Purpose: With a growing focus on the importance of men's reproductive health, including preconception health, the ways in which young men's knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs (KAB) predict their reproductive paths are understudied. To determine if reproductive KAB predicts fatherhood status, timing and residency (living with child or not).

Methods: Reproductive KAB and fatherhood outcomes were analyzed from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a 20-year, nationally representative study of individuals from adolescence into adulthood.

Predictors of 30-Day Readmission for Pneumonia.

Objective: This study examined data from 4 sources: number of hospital-acquired conditions, patient perception of care, quality outcome measures, and demographic data to explain variances associated with 30-day pneumonia readmission rates.

Background: Patients readmitted within 30 days for pneumonia increases the length of hospital stay by 7 to 9 days, increases crude mortality rate 30% to 70%, and costs of $40,000 or greater per patient.

Methods: Variances in outcomes measures associated with 30-day pneumonia readmissions from 577 nonfederal general hospitals in Massachusetts, California, and New York were analyzed using datasets from Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems, Centers of Medicare & Medicaid Services, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and American Hospital Association.

Improving Accuracy of Cardiac Electrode Placement: Outcomes of Clinical Nurse Specialist Practice.

Purpose: The purpose of this quality improvement project was to facilitate a sustainable improvement in the accuracy of cardiac electrode placement for continuous bedside monitoring in intensive care unit patients.

Background: Continuous cardiac electrocardiograph monitoring is a standard of practice in critical care areas and is essential to accurate interpretation of cardiac dysrhythmias and early detection of myocardial ischemia. Accurate assessment of electrocardiographs depends on precise placement of electrodes; however, electrodes are often placed inaccurately.

Forced Sex and Sexual Consent Among College Women.

Introduction: Female college students, aged 18-25 years, are at high risk for sexual violence compared with women of other age groups. Lack of clear consent is a preceding and defining component of forced sex and sexual violence. This study explored the association between sexual consent awareness, attitudes, and beliefs and a history of forced sex among a sample of college women.

Non-Toxic Metabolic Management of Metastatic Cancer in VM Mice: Novel Combination of Ketogenic Diet, Ketone Supplementation, and Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy.

The Warburg effect and tumor hypoxia underlie a unique cancer metabolic phenotype characterized by glucose dependency and aerobic fermentation. We previously showed that two non-toxic metabolic therapies - the ketogenic diet with concurrent hyperbaric oxygen (KD+HBOT) and dietary ketone supplementation - could increase survival time in the VM-M3 mouse model of metastatic cancer. We hypothesized that combining these therapies could provide an even greater therapeutic benefit in this model.

Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about contraceptive and sexual consent negotiation among college women.

College women have the highest rates of sexual violence, sexually transmitted infections, and unintended pregnancy compared with women in all other age groups. Although much is known about sexual risk behaviors among college women, less is known about how women negotiate consent for contraceptive use during sexual encounters. Therefore, the purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore college women's knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about contraceptive and sexual consent during dating relationships.

Clinical ethics residency for nurses: an education model to decrease moral distress and strengthen nurse retention in acute care.

The experience of unaddressed moral distress can lead to nurse attrition and/or distancing from patients, compromising patient care. Nurses who are confident in their ethical decision making abilities and moral agency have the antidote to moral distress for themselves and their colleagues and can act as local or institutional ethics resources. We describe a grant-funded model education program designed to increase ethics competence throughout the institution.

Motive attribution asymmetry for love vs. hate drives intractable conflict.

Five studies across cultures involving 661 American Democrats and Republicans, 995 Israelis, and 1,266 Palestinians provide previously unidentified evidence of a fundamental bias, what we term the "motive attribution asymmetry," driving seemingly intractable human conflict. These studies show that in political and ethnoreligious intergroup conflict, adversaries tend to attribute their own group's aggression to ingroup love more than outgroup hate and to attribute their outgroup's aggression to outgroup hate more than ingroup love. Study 1 demonstrates that American Democrats and Republicans attribute their own party's involvement in conflict to ingroup love more than outgroup hate but attribute the opposing party's involvement to outgroup hate more than ingroup love.

Gender differences in attitudes and beliefs associated with bystander behavior and sexual assault.

Sexual violence is a significant problem on many college campuses. Bystander education programs have been found to train individuals to act to prevent sexual and partner violence and improve the responses of peers to survivors. Limited evidence suggests that gender differences exist between males and females regarding both attitudes toward, and use of, bystander behavior, with females reporting more supportive attitudes and greater use of bystander behavior.

Caregiver-reported neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients undergoing treatment for head and neck cancer: a pilot study.

Background: Patients with cancer experience multiple neuropsychiatric symptoms. Whereas individual symptoms have been studied in patients with head and neck cancer, the broader context of neuropsychiatric symptoms needs to be explored.

Objective: The aims of this pilot study were to (a) determine the caregiver-reported prevalence and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with head and neck cancer, (b) determine the associated level of caregiver distress, and (c) describe the effects of neuropsychiatric symptoms on patients and their caregivers.