The legacy of hope summit: a consensus-based initiative and report on eating disorders in the U.S. and recommendations for the path forward.

Background: Several unsuccessful attempts have been made to reach a cross-disciplinary consensus on issues fundamental to the field of eating disorders in the United States (U.S.).

Critical Capability Needs for Reduction of Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Indoors.

Coordination of efforts to assess the challenges and pain points felt by industries from around the globe working to reduce COVID-19 transmission in the indoor environment as well as innovative solutions applied to meet these challenges is mandatory. Indoor infectious viral disease transmission (such as coronavirus, norovirus, influenza) is a complex problem that needs better integration of our current knowledge and intervention strategies. Critical to providing a reduction in transmission is to map the four core technical areas of environmental microbiology, transmission science, building science, and social science.

Strategies to Move Entry-Level Nurse Practitioner Education to the Doctor of Nursing Practice Degree by 2025.

Background: The National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties (NONPF) has made the commitment to move all entry-level nurse practitioner (NP) education to the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree by 2025.

Problem: Although there are more than 250 DNP NP programs throughout the United States, many other NP programs have yet to transition to the doctoral level.

Approach: Leaders representing licensure, accreditation, certification, education, and practice organizations attended a NONPF 2017 Summit to discuss the DNP degree as entry into NP practice.

The Added Value of Family Caregivers' Level of Mastery in Predicting Survival of Glioblastoma Patients: A Validation Study.

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor. Patients commonly rely on family caregivers for physical and emotional support. We previously demonstrated that caregiver mastery measured shortly after diagnosis was predictive of GBM patient survival, corrected for known predictors of survival (n = 88).

Convergent olfactory trace amine-associated receptors detect biogenic polyamines with distinct motifs via a conserved binding site.

Biogenic amines activate G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the central nervous system in vertebrate animals. Several biogenic amines, when excreted, stimulate trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs), a group of GPCRs in the main olfactory epithelium, and elicit innate behaviors. How TAARs recognize amines with varying numbers of amino groups is largely unknown.

Emergency Department Visits by Patients with Substance Use Disorder in the United States.

Introduction: We aimed to characterize emergency department (ED) utilization and clinical characteristics of patients with substance use disorder (SUD) seeking emergency care for all reasons.

Methods: Using 2016-2017 ED data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, we investigated demographics, ED resource utilization, and clinical characteristics of patients with SUD vs those without SUD.

Results: Of all adult ED visits (N = 27,609) in the US in 2016-2017, 11.

"The Story I Will Never Forget": Critical Incident Narratives in Surgical Residency.

Objective: We sought to better understand what defines a critical incident experience for the surgical trainee.

Summary Background Data: Critical incidents are formative moments stamped indelibly on one's memory that shape professional identity. The critical incident technique-using participants' narratives to identify patterns and learn from their perceptions-has been explored in some healthcare settings, but there has been no inquiry within surgery.

3D Magnetic Particle Imaging of Human Stem Cell-Derived Islet Organoid Transplantation Using a Machine Learning Algorithm.

Stem cell-derived islet organoids constitute a promising treatment of type 1 diabetes. A major hurdle in the field is the lack of appropriate method to determine graft outcome. Here, we investigate the feasibility of tracking of transplanted stem cell-derived islet organoids using magnetic particle imaging (MPI) in a mouse model.

Soft Capsule Magnetic Millirobots for Region-Specific Drug Delivery in the Central Nervous System.

Small soft robotic systems are being explored for myriad applications in medicine. Specifically, magnetically actuated microrobots capable of remote manipulation hold significant potential for the targeted delivery of therapeutics and biologicals. Much of previous efforts on microrobotics have been dedicated to locomotion in aqueous environments and hard surfaces.

Development of a municipality index of environmental pressure in Campania, Italy.

The Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy (Istitituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, IZSM) is a public health institution operating within the Italian National Health Service. Over the past 5 years [IZSM] has promoted several research studies and interventions in an effort to tackle the 'Land of Fires' phenomenon, caused by the continued trafficking and uncontrolled incineration of waste that has affected some areas of Campania for decades. In this article, a mathematical model that generates a municipality index of environmental pressure is presented.

The Impact of COVID-19 Traumatic Stressors on Mental Health: Is COVID-19 a New Trauma Type.

Unlabelled: COVID-19 is a new type of trauma that has never been conceptually or empirically analyzed in our discipline. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 as traumatic stress on mental health after controlling for individuals' previous stressors and traumas. We utilized a sample of (N = 1374) adults from seven Arab countries.

Genetic Variation and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cohort Study on Migrants from the Former Soviet Union and a Native German Population.

Resettlers are a large migrant group of more than 2 million people in Germany who migrated mainly from the former Soviet Union to Germany after 1989. We sought to compare the distribution of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to investigate the overall genetic differences in a study population which consisted of resettlers and native (autochthone) Germans. This was a joint analysis of two cohort studies which were performed in the region of Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany, with 3363 native Germans and 363 resettlers.

Ginkgo Biloba Extract EGB761 Alleviates Warfarin-induced Aortic Valve Calcification Through the BMP2/Smad1/5/Runx2 Signaling Pathway.

Calcific aortic valve disease is a common heart disease that contributes to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. There is a lack of effective pharmaceutical therapy because its mechanisms are not yet fully known. Ginkgo biloba extract (EGB761) is reported to alleviate vascular calcification.

Machine learning-assisted immune profiling stratifies peri-implantitis patients with unique microbial colonization and clinical outcomes.

The endemic of peri-implantitis affects over 25% of dental implants. Current treatment depends on empirical patient and site-based stratifications and lacks a consistent risk grading system. We investigated a unique cohort of peri-implantitis patients undergoing regenerative therapy with comprehensive clinical, immune, and microbial profiling.

Parkinson's disease case ascertainment in a large prospective cohort.

Background: In epidemiologic studies where physician-based case adjudication is not feasible, Parkinson's disease (PD) case ascertainment is often limited to self-reports which may not be accurate. We evaluated strategies to identify PD cases in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS).

Methods: Doctor-diagnosed PD was self-reported on all cohort-wide surveys; potential cases were also identified from death certificates.

Epigenome-scale comparison of DNA methylation between blood leukocytes and bronchial epithelial cells.

Agreement in DNA methylation (DNAm) at the genome scale between blood leukocytes (BL) and bronchial epithelial cells (BEC) is unknown. We examine as to what extent DNAm in BL is comparable with that in BEC and serves as a surrogate for BEC. Overall agreement (paired -tests with false discovery rate adjusted p > 0.

Investigating native capillary zone electrophoresis-mass spectrometry on a high-end quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer for the characterization of monoclonal antibodies.

Native capillary zone electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CZE-MS) has attracted attentions for the characterization of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) due to the potential of CZE for highly efficient separations of mAbs under native conditions as well as its compatibility with native electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS. However, the low sample loading capacity and limited separation resolution of native CZE for large proteins and protein complexes ( mAbs) impede the widespread adoption of native CZE-MS. Here, we present a novel native capillary isoelectric focusing (cIEF)-assisted CZE-MS method for the characterization of mAbs with much larger sample loading capacity and significantly better separation resolution than native CZE-MS alone.

The Right to Say No: Why Adult Sexual Assault Patients Decline Medical Forensic Exams and Sexual Assault Kit Evidence Collection.

Introduction: The International Association of Forensic Nurses (2018) affirms the importance of evidence-based, trauma-informed, patient-centered forensic nursing services that engage patients as autonomous decision makers. Past research indicates that forensic nurses consistently respect patients' choices and control as they navigate the decisions of medical forensic examinations (MFEs) and sexual assault kit (SAK) collection. Building on that work, this study examined which options patients decline and what factors are associated with those declination decisions.

Emotional awareness and other emotional processes: implications for the assessment and treatment of chronic pain.

Emotional awareness (EA) is a key emotional process that is related to the presence and severity of chronic pain (CP). In this report, we describe primary and secondary emotions, discuss the distinction between emotional states and emotional regulation/processing, and summarize theory and research highlighting the significance of EA for CP. We describe ways to assess EA and diagnose centrally-mediated CP, for which emotional processes appear most relevant.

International Legal Approaches to Neurosurgery for Psychiatric Disorders.

Neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders (NPD), also sometimes referred to as psychosurgery, is rapidly evolving, with new techniques and indications being investigated actively. Many within the field have suggested that some form of guidelines or regulations are needed to help ensure that a promising field develops safely. Multiple countries have enacted specific laws regulating NPD.