Development of a novel diagnostic model to monitor the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease to hepatocellular carcinoma in females.

Background And Aims: The onset of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (MASLD-HCC) is insidious and exhibits sex-specific variations. Effective methods for monitoring MASLD-HCC progression in females have not yet been developed.

Methods: Transcriptomic data of female liver tissue samples were obtained from multiple public databases.

Expert consensus on workflow of PET/CT with long axial field-of-view.

Purpose: Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging has been widely used in clinical practice. Long axial field-of-view (LAFOV) systems have enhanced clinical practice by leveraging their technological advantages and have emerged as the new state-of-the-art PET imaging modalities. A consensus was conducted to explore expert views in this emerging field to comprehensively elucidate the proposed workflow in LAFOV PET/CT examinations and highlight the potential challenges inherent in the workflow.

Perceptions of swine industry stakeholders on the use of water-based foam, high-expansion nitrogen foam, and carbon dioxide gas as methods of swine depopulation.

Emergency contingency plans for the U.S. swine industry, including depopulation protocols, that are essential to limit the spread of sudden outbreaks of infectious diseases is currently lacking.

The Necessary Rapprochement of Negative Affectivity, Personality Disorder, and Depression.

Purpose Of Review: The relationship between depression and personality has long been a topic of interest in the fields of psychiatry and psychology, but consensus remains elusive. This lack of consensus poses a significant challenge in both diagnosis and treatment, especially in situations when otherwise effective therapies for depression fail. Our article aims to address this issue by reviewing the historical and recent conceptualizations of the relationship between depression and personality pathology.

Emergency Department Blood Pressure Treatment and Outcomes in Adults Presenting with Severe Hypertension.

Background: Patients who present to the emergency department (ED) with severe hypertension defined as a systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥180 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) or diastolic (DBP) ≥120 (mm Hg) without evidence of acute end-organ damage are often deemed high risk and treated acutely in the ED. However, there is a dearth of evidence from large studies with long-term follow-up for the assessment of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). We conducted the largest study to date of patients presenting with severe hypertension to identify predictors of MACE and examine whether blood pressure at discharge is associated with heightened risk.

Under the influence: exogenous testosterone influences men's cross-sex perceptions of sexual interest.

The sexual misperception bias is a cognitive bias in which men tend to overestimate sexual interest from women, potentially shaped by evolutionary mating strategies. Testosterone, often linked to mating behaviors, might play a role in sustaining sexual overperceptions. To explore this possibility, we conducted a placebo-controlled study with 190 heterosexual men, administering either 11 mg of testosterone or a placebo.

Using Planned and Unplanned Adaptation to Implement Universal Alcohol Screening and Brief Intervention to Prevent Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancies in Four Primary Care Health Systems.

Background: The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends annual alcohol screening and brief behavioral intervention (alcohol SBI) with general adult and pregnant populations. Implementation of alcohol SBI in primary care has encountered numerous barriers to adapting procedures and infrastructure to support its routine delivery. This collection of case studies describes the implementation strategies used by 4 academic health system teams that were funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to implement alcohol SBI within healthcare systems to prevent alcohol-exposed pregnancies.

TRPA1 protects against contrast-induced renal tubular injury by preserving mitochondrial dynamics via the AMPK/DRP1 pathway.

Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are involved in the development of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). The present study aimed to reveal the role of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), an oxidative sensor, in CI-AKI. Trpa1 mice with Trpa1 conditionally knocked out in renal proximal tubular (PT) cells, Trpa1 overexpression mice (Trpa1-OE), and TRPA1 agonists and antagonists were used to study its function in a mouse model of iohexol-induced CI-AKI.

Neighborhood Environment and Perceived Stress Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Childbearing Black Women.

Purpose: The purpose of this study among pregnant and postpartum Black women was twofold: (1) to compare levels of perceived stress, depressive symptoms, social support, and neighborhood disorder and crime before the pandemic vs during the pandemic; and (2) to examine the association of perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and social support with neighborhood disorder and crime at both time points.

Methods: This was a prospective study as part of the Biosocial Impact on Black Births, a longitudinal study that examined the role of maternal factors on preterm birth among Black women. A sample of 143 women were included who responded to survey questions during pregnancy prior to the pandemic and again after birth, during the pandemic.

A Mixed Methods Approach to Understand Mother-Father Relationship and Perceived Stress Among Black Pregnant Women.

Background: Black women in the United States report moderate to high levels of perceived stress during pregnancy. Though lower levels of involvement and support from father of the baby (FOB) and higher levels of conflict have been associated with higher levels of maternal perceived stress, it is not clear how Black pregnant women experience the mother-father relationship and its influence on perceived stress.

Purpose: To examine and describe the mother-father relationship and its role in experiences of perceived stress from the perspective of Black pregnant women.

The Role of Health Information Sources on Cervical Cancer Literacy, Knowledge, Attitudes and Screening Practices in Sub-Saharan African Women: A Systematic Review.

Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among Sub-Saharan African women. This systematic review aimed to identify information sources and their relation to cervical cancer knowledge, literacy, screening, and attitudes. Peer-reviewed literature was searched on 2 March 2022, and updated on 24 January 2023, in four databases-CINAHL Plus, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science.

Adrenergic Urticaria: An Updated Review.

It can be difficult to delineate the cause of urticarial eruptions, and in chronic cases, it can be a challenging condition to effectively treat. Several forms of urticarial eruptions are well documented and established. Our review focuses on a form of urticaria that is less commonly reported: adrenergic urticaria.

Unveiling the Adoption and Barriers of Telemedicine in US Hospitals: A Comprehensive Analysis (2017-2022).

Background: Telemedicine has emerged as a vital healthcare delivery model, especially pronounced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study uniquely focuses on an institutional lens, examining US hospitals to offer targeted policy implications.

Objective: To investigate the trend in telemedicine adoption across US hospitals from 2017 to 2022 and analyze the institutional challenges they encounter, particularly in the realm of electronic health information exchange.

Exploring the content of epilepsy fellowship program websites: an analysis of information available to applicants.

Background: Program websites are essential resources in the process of residency and fellowship application. We evaluated the information furnished on these resources by Epilepsy fellowship programs. The extent of information provided was compared across geographic zones, academic affiliation, and national ranking.

Wolbachia mediates crosstalk between miRNA and Toll pathways to enhance resistance to dengue virus in Aedes aegypti.

The obligate endosymbiont Wolbachia induces pathogen interference in the primary disease vector Aedes aegypti, facilitating the utilization of Wolbachia-based mosquito control for arbovirus prevention, particularly against dengue virus (DENV). However, the mechanisms underlying Wolbachia-mediated virus blockade have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that Wolbachia activates the host cytoplasmic miRNA biogenesis pathway to suppress DENV infection.

"The dream is that there's one place you go": a qualitative study of women's experiences seeking care from Long COVID clinics in the USA.

Background: Seeking and obtaining effective health care for Long COVID remains a challenge in the USA. Women have particularly been impacted, as they are both at higher risk of developing Long COVID and of facing gendered barriers to having symptoms acknowledged. Long COVID clinics, which provide multidisciplinary and coordinated care, have emerged as a potential solution.

Uncertainty and precaution in hunting wolves twice in a year: Reanalysis of Treves and Louchouarn.

Management of wolves is controversial in many jurisdictions where wolves live, which underscores the importance of rigor, transparency, and reproducibility when evaluating outcomes of management actions. Treves and Louchouarn 2022 (hereafter TL) predicted outcomes for various fall 2021 hunting scenarios following Wisconsin's judicially mandated hunting and trapping season in spring 2021, and concluded that even a zero harvest scenario could result in the wolf population declining below the population goal of 350 wolves specified in the 1999 Wisconsin wolf management plan. TL further concluded that with a fall harvest of > 16 wolves there was a "better than average possibility" that the wolf population size would decline below that 350-wolf threshold.