Tensor Networks Can Resolve Fermi Surfaces.

We demonstrate that projected entangled-pair states are able to represent ground states of critical, fermionic systems exhibiting both 1d and 0d Fermi surfaces on a 2D lattice with an efficient scaling of the bond dimension. Extrapolating finite size results for the Gaussian restriction of fermionic projected entangled-pair states to the thermodynamic limit, the energy precision as a function of the bond dimension is found to improve as a power law, illustrating that an arbitrary precision can be obtained by increasing the bond dimension in a controlled manner. In this process, boundary conditions and system sizes have to be chosen carefully so that nonanalyticities of the Ansatz, rooted in its nontrivial topology, are avoided.

The Hierarchy-of-Hypotheses Approach: A Synthesis Method for Enhancing Theory Development in Ecology and Evolution.

In the current era of Big Data, existing synthesis tools such as formal meta-analyses are critical means to handle the deluge of information. However, there is a need for complementary tools that help to (a) organize evidence, (b) organize theory, and (c) closely connect evidence to theory. We present the hierarchy-of-hypotheses (HoH) approach to address these issues.

Towards targeting anticancer drugs: ruthenium(ii)-arene complexes with biologically active naphthoquinone-derived ligand systems.

Anticancer active metal complexes with biologically active ligands have the potential to interact with more than one biological target, which could help to overcome acquired and/or intrinsic resistance of tumors to small molecule drugs. In this paper we present the preparation of 2-hydroxy-[1,4]-naphthoquinone-derived ligands and their coordination to a Ru(II)(η(6)-p-cymene)Cl moiety. The synthesis of oxime derivatives resulted in the surprising formation of nitroso-naphthalene complexes, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis.

Cytotoxicity and preliminary mode of action studies of novel 2-aryl-4-thiopyrone-based organometallics.

Organometallic complexes with thiopyrone-based ligands have shown promising cytotoxic activity in vitro. To investigate the impact of the ligand backbone modification of these biologically active compounds and enhance the solubility in aqueous solution, the (thio)pyrone scaffold was modified via Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction and converted into corresponding organometallic Ru(ii) and Rh(iii) complexes. Characterization of the synthesized compounds was carried out by means of 1D and 2D NMR, ESI MS, and also by X-ray diffraction analysis.

Capture of algae promotes growth and propagation in aquatic Utricularia.

Background And Aims: Some carnivorous plants trap not only small animals but also algae and pollen grains. However, it remains unclear if these trapped particles are useless bycatch or whether they provide nutrients for the plant. The present study examines this question in Utricularia, which forms the largest and most widely spread genus of carnivorous plants, and which captures prey by means of sophisticated suction traps.

Paraphyly and budding speciation in the hairy snail (Pulmonata, Hygromiidae).

Delimitation of species is often complicated by discordance of morphological and genetic data. This may be caused by the existence of cryptic or polymorphic species. The latter case is particularly true for certain snail species showing an exceptionally high intraspecific genetic diversity.