Patient-reported outcomes in sarcopenia: An ICFSR task force report.

The International Conference on Frailty and Sarcopenia Research (ICFSR) Task Force convened in March 2024 to address patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) in the field of sarcopenia. PROMs are crucial to enhance healthcare services at both individual and societal levels. PROMs complement objective outcome measures by capturing insights that patients are best suited to judge.

First report of Toxocara vitulorum infection in a dairy calf in Tennessee.

The ascarid nematode, Toxocara vitulorum, is a destructive parasite of ruminants with a world-wide distribution that causes mortality in calves, especially those with poor nutrition. Reports of T. vitulorum are scarce in the continental U.

International benchmarking of stage at diagnosis for six childhood solid tumours (the BENCHISTA project): a population-based, retrospective cohort study.

Background: International variation in childhood cancer survival might be explained by differences in stage at diagnosis, among other factors. As part of the BENCHISTA project, we aimed to assess geographical variation in tumour stage at diagnosis through the application, by population-based cancer registries working with clinicians, of the international consensus Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines.

Methods: This population-based, retrospective cohort study involved 67 cancer registries from 23 European countries, Australia, Brazil, Japan, and Canada.

Clinical outcomes of patients with unsuccessful mechanical thrombectomy versus best medical management of medium vessel occlusion stroke in the middle cerebral artery territory.

Background: Current randomized controlled trials are investigating the efficacy and safety of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) stroke. Whether best medical management (MM) is more efficient than unsuccessful vessel recanalization during MT remains unknown.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using data from 37 academic centers across North America, Asia, and Europe between September 2017 and July 2021.

Molecular allergy diagnosis enabling personalized medicine.

Allergic patients are characterized by complex and patient-specific IgE sensitization profiles to various allergens, which are accompanied by different phenotypes of allergic disease. Molecular allergy (MA) diagnosis establishes the patient's IgE reactivity profile at a molecular allergen level and has moved allergology into the "Precision Medicine" era. Molecular allergology started in the late 1980s with the isolation of the first allergen-encoding DNA sequences.

Post-growth: the science of wellbeing within planetary boundaries.

There are increasing concerns that continued economic growth in high-income countries might not be environmentally sustainable, socially beneficial, or economically achievable. In this Review, we explore the rapidly advancing field of post-growth research, which has evolved in response to these concerns. The central idea of post-growth is to replace the goal of increasing GDP with the goal of improving human wellbeing within planetary boundaries.

Enzymatic browning in fresh extra virgin olive oil (EVOO): Detection of polyphenol oxidase, assessing moisture impact, and revealing the anti-browning capacity of EVOO.

This study investigates the presence of active olive polyphenol oxidase (OePPO) in freshly extracted extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and its role in triggering enzymatic browning during EVOO storage. OePPO's presence in EVOO was validated through its distinct molecular weights observed in SDS-PAGE gels. The generation of quinones in EVOO was tracked spectrophotometrically over a storage period of one month, revealing browning reactions, particularly in the early days of storage, followed by a decline concurrent with water sedimentation.

Sources, levels, and determinants of indoor air pollutants in Europe: A systematic review.

Clean air is a requirement for life, and the quality of indoor air is a health determinant since people spend most of their daily time indoors. The aim of this study was to systematically review the available evidence regarding the sources, determinants and concentrations of indoor air pollutants in a set of scenarios under study in K-HEALTHinAIR project. To this end, a systematic review was performed to review the available studies published between the years 2013-2023, for several settings (schools, homes, hospitals, lecture halls, retirement homes, public transports and canteens), conducted in Europe, where sources and determinants of the indoor pollutants concentrations was assessed.

Hyalomma aegyptium: Observed global distribution, imported specimens, preferred hosts and vector competence.

The tortoise tick Hyalomma aegyptium (Linnaeus, 1758) is a three-host tick, predominantly infesting land tortoises of the genus Testudo. A database was compiled, resulting in 557 H. aegyptium georeferenced locations in the Palearctic.

Tire-derived compounds, phthalates, and trace metals in the Kiel Fjord (Germany).

Concerns about pollutants in the environment are increasing, with substances such as plastic additives drawing particular concern due to their potential harmful effects on organisms. This study investigates current levels of several contaminants in the Kiel Fjord. Some pose serious health risks to aquatic life.

Awareness and care practices for rare neurologic diseases among senior neurologists: A global survey.

Objective: Rare neurologic diseases (RNDs) are difficult to diagnose and treat due to their low prevalence and complex nature. This survey evaluated awareness and current care status of RNDs among esteemed neurologists affiliated with the World Federation of Neurology (WFN).

Methods: A 34-question survey was distributed to renowned neurologists, including delegates from national neurology societies in the WFN Assembly, various WFN committees, and members of the Rare Neurologic Diseases Specialist group.

One hundred thirty-four germ line PU.1 variants and the agammaglobulinemic patients carrying them.

Leukopoiesis is lethally arrested in mice lacking the master transcriptional regulator PU.1. Depending on the animal model, subtotal PU.

Computational Insights into the Mechanism of Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Alkene-Aldehyde Coupling.

The Lewis acid-catalyzed coupling of alkenes and aldehydes presents a modern, versatile synthetic alternative to classical carbonyl addition chemistry, offering exceptional regio- and stereoselectivity. In this work, we present a comprehensive computational investigation into the reaction mechanism of this transformation. Our findings confirm the occurrence of an enantioselective trans-annular [1,5]-hydride shift step and demonstrate that the enantioselectivity of the reaction arises predominantly from steric clashes between functional groups in the cyclization step.

Aberrant auditory prediction patterns robustly characterize tinnitus.

Phantom perceptions like tinnitus occur without any identifiable environmental or bodily source. The mechanisms and key drivers behind tinnitus are poorly understood. The dominant framework, suggesting that tinnitus results from neural hyperactivity in the auditory pathway following hearing damage, has been difficult to investigate in humans and has reached explanatory limits.

Magnetic resonance angiography in diagnostic long-term follow-up of primary patency of the MOTIV drug-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffold in the region below the knee: 5 years of experience.

Purpose: Treatment of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in the region below the knee (BTK) is dissatisfying as failure of treated target lesions (TLF) is frequent and diagnostic imaging is often challenging. In the BTK-region metallic drug-eluting stents (mDES) yielded best results concerning primary patency (PP), but also annihilate signal in magnetic resonance angiography (MR-A). A recently introduced non-metallic drug eluting bioresorbable Tyrocore® vascular scaffold (deBVS), that offers an option for re-treatment of lesions due to its full degradation within 3-4 years after placement, was investigated with respect to its compatibility with MR-A to unimpededly depict previously treated target lesions.

Enhancing trauma cardiopulmonary resuscitation simulation training with the use of virtual reality (Trauma SimVR): Protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: With the increasing availability and use of digital tools such as virtual reality in medical education, there is a need to evaluate their impact on clinical performance and decision-making among healthcare professionals. The Trauma SimVR study is investigating the efficacy of virtual reality training in the context of traumatic in-hospital cardiac arrest.

Methods And Analysis: This study protocol (clinicaltrials.

An analytical model of label-free nanoscale chemical imaging reveals avenues toward improved spatial resolution and sensitivity.

Atomic force microscopy-infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR) is a photothermal scanning probe technique that combines nanoscale spatial resolution with the chemical analysis capability of mid-infrared spectroscopy. Using this hybrid technique, chemical identification down to the single molecule level has been demonstrated. However, the mechanism at the heart of AFM-IR, the transduction of local photothermal heating to cantilever deflection, is still not fully understood.

Relevance of body weight adaptation and modern obesity-defining parameters in the analysis of isokinetic trunk strength in people with obesity - A retrospective analysis.

Pathologic values of body mass index (BMI), body weight, and waist circumference correlate with higher absolute and lower relative trunk strength. Whether waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) is appropriate for showing trunk strength differences in people with obesity and whether a continuous linear relationship exists between the increase in obesity and trunk strength is unknown. This retrospective cross-sectional study included 1174 subjects (1114 men and 60 women).

Corrigendum to "Schwann Cell Metabolic Activity in Various Short-Term Holding Conditions: Implications for Improved Nerve Graft Viability".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2012/742183.].

Biases in Volumetric Versus Surface Analyses in Population Receptive Field Mapping.

Population receptive field (pRF) mapping is a quantitative functional MRI (fMRI) analysis method that links visual field positions with specific locations in the visual cortex. A common preprocessing step in pRF analyses involves projecting volumetric fMRI data onto the cortical surface, typically leading to upsampling of the data. This process may introduce biases in the resulting pRF parameters.

Randomised In Vitro Study Investigating PEEP-Stability During Application of CPAP With Binasal Prongs and Face Masks.

Aim: Face masks and binasal prongs are commonly used interfaces for applying continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in neonatology. We aimed to assess CPAP stability in a randomised controlled in vitro study.

Methods: In a simulated resuscitation scenario of a 1000-g preterm infant with respiratory distress, 20 operators (10 with/without neonatology experience) aimed to maintain a CPAP of 5 cmHO as precisely as possible using face masks or binasal prongs in random order.

Tolerance for uncertainty and medical students' specialty choices: A myth revisited.

Background: In 1962, the idea emerged that medical students' tolerance of uncertainty could determine their specialty choice. While some studies supported this claim, others refuted it, often using independently developed instruments. We explored whether the reported link between specialty choice and uncertainty tolerance is more myth than evidence by employing established instruments to investigate whether specialty choice could be explained by variance in uncertainty tolerance.

Maximal Fat Oxidation Rate in Healthy Young Adults. Influence of Cardiorespiratory Fitness Level and Sex.

Introduction: The maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and the exercise intensity that provokes MFO (FATMAX) are inversely associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy young sedentary adults. However, how both cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) level and sex influence MFO during exercise and the FATMAX is seldom analyzed.

Objectives: This study is aimed at determining the influence of CRF and sex on MFO.

Realistic total-body J-PET geometry optimization: Monte Carlo study.

Background: Total-body (TB) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is one of the most promising medical diagnostics modalities, opening new perspectives for personalized medicine, low-dose imaging, multi-organ dynamic imaging or kinetic modeling. The high sensitivity provided by total-body technology can be advantageous for novel tomography methods like positronium imaging, demanding the registration of triple coincidences. Currently, state-of-the-art PET scanners use inorganic scintillators.