Sensory Characteristics and Impact of Flavanol-Rich Grape and Blueberry Extract on Blood Flow Velocity and Oxidative Stress.

Background: Several epidemiological studies and intervention trials have demonstrated that grapes and blueberries, which are rich in flavanols, can lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms of action of these compounds remain unclear due to their low bioavailability.

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the sensory properties, blood flow velocity, and oxidative stress of a polyphenol rich grape and blueberry extract (PEGB) containing approximately 16% flavanols (11% monomers and 4% dimers).

Variations and Opportunities in Postnatal Management of Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn.

Importance: Preventive efforts in pregnancy-related alloimmunization have considerably decreased the prevalence of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). International studies are therefore essential to obtain a deeper understanding of the postnatal management and outcomes of HDFN. Taken together with numerous treatment options, large practice variations among centers may exist.

Preclinical evaluation of the potential PARP-imaging probe [carbonyl-C]DPQ.

Background: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes are crucial for the repair of DNA single-strand breaks and have become key therapeutic targets in homologous recombination-deficient cancers, including prostate cancer. To enable non-invasive monitoring of PARP-1 expression, several PARP-1-targeting positron emission tomography (PET) tracers have been developed. Here, we aimed to preclinically investigate [carbonyl-C]DPQ as an alternative PARP-1 PET tracer as it features a strongly distinct chemotype compared to the frontrunners [F]FluorThanatrace and [F]PARPi.

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Antitubercular Drugs in the Overweight and Obese Population: Implications for Dosage Adjustments.

The rise in global obesity prevalence has increased the need to understand the pharmacokinetics of drugs in overweight and obese individuals. Tuberculosis remains a significant health challenge, and its treatment outcomes can be influenced by the pharmacokinetic profiles of antitubercular agents. This literature review aims to point out the clinical pharmacokinetics of antitubercular drugs in the overweight and obese patient population, highlighting considerations for potential dosage adjustments.

Efficacy of bolus injections of landiolol hydrochloride as premedication in coronary artery CT angiography.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of bolus injections of landiolol hydrochloride as premedication in coronary artery CT angiography (CCTA).

Methods: The study population consisted of 37 patients (17 female; median age, 56 years; IQR, 19 years; range, 19-88 years) who underwent CCTA after intravenous injection of landiolol hydrochloride due to a heart rate > 60 bpm. Landiolol hydrochloride was administered in a stepwise manner until a heart rate of ≤ 60 bpm was achieved or a maximum dose of 60 mg was reached after six injections.

Analytical review of facial nerve palsy following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: comprehensive assessment.

Purpose: The SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has reduced COVID-19 infection, though facial nerve palsy (FNP) has emerged as a notable side effect of the vaccine. We evaluated the current literature on the clinical presentation and outcomes of FNP related to COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods: A comprehensive search of seven databases was conducted for studies up to January 2023.

Evaluation of four different standard addition approaches with respect to trueness and precision.

This work provides a statistical analysis of four different approaches suggested in the literature for the estimation of an unknown concentration based on data collected using the standard addition method. These approaches are the conventional extrapolation approach, the interpolation approach, inverse regression, and the normalization approach. These methods are compared under the assumption that the measurement errors are normally distributed and homoscedastic.

Pharmacogenetic guided drug therapy - how to deal with phenoconversion in polypharmacy?

Introduction: The prevalence of polypharmacy and the increasing availability of pharmacogenetic information in clinical practice have raised the prospect of data-driven clinical decision making when addressing the issues of drug-drug interactions and genetic polymorphisms in metabolizing enzymes. Inhibition of metabolizing enzymes in drug interactions can lead to genotype-phenotype discrepancies (phenoconversion) that reduce the relevance of individual pharmacogenetic information.

Areas Covered: The aim of this review is to provide an overview on existing models of phenoconversion and we discuss how phenoconversion models may be developed to estimate joint drug-interactions and genetic effects.

Reliable Atom Probe Tomography of Cu Nanoparticles Through Tailored Encapsulation by an Electrodeposited Film.

Nanoparticles are essential for energy storage, catalysis, and medical applications, emphasizing their accurate chemical characterization. However, atom probe tomography (APT) of nanoparticles sandwiched at the interface between an encapsulating film and a substrate poses difficulties. Poor adhesion at the film-substrate interface can cause specimen fracture during APT, while impurities may introduce additional peaks in the mass spectra.

Community Vulnerability: Measuring the Health Situation of a Population After COVID-19 Through Electronic Health Record Indicators.

The COVID-19 pandemic made people face the fact that we are all vulnerable. This vulnerability can be measured through the Basic Variables of Care (BVC) using the Care Vulnerability Index (CVI). Health systems work with indicators that nurses can consult to understand the care and health situation of their population.

Long-Term Results of Pars Plana Vitrectomy with Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling for Vitreomacular Traction Syndrome: A Prospective Investigation in Central Asian Population.

There is a lack of research on the clinical characteristics of vitreomacular traction (VMT) in the Central Asian population, which evaluates the visual recovery and macular hole closure outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with membrane peel in this population. This long-term prospective cohort study, conducted at the Kazakh Eye Research Institute from June 2015 to December 2021 with a follow-up period until December 2022, included 1574 patients (1784 eyes) with VMT syndrome. Among the eyes, 724 (40.

A cellulosic fibre foam as a bicycle helmet impact liner for brain injury mitigation in oblique impacts.

Bulky cellulosic network structures (BRC) with densities between 60 and 130 g/l were investigated as a sustainable alternative to fossil-based foams for impact liners in bicycle helmets. The mechanical properties of BRC foams were characterized across a wide range of strain rates and incorporated into a validated finite element model of a hardshell helmet. Virtual impact tests simulating both consumer information and certification scenarios were conducted to compare BRC-lined helmets against conventional expanded polystyrene (EPS) designs.

Unsupported walking with only half of the brain due to severe porencephaly.

A patient with a history of Asian flu, mumps meningo-encephalitis, and skull-base fracture and severe porencephaly who was able to walk without assistance, has not been reported. The patient is a 65 year-old male with a history of Asian flu at 6 months of age, Mumps meningoencephalitis at 6 years of age, structural epilepsy since 15 years of age, traumatic brain injury with skull-base fracture at 51 years of age, arterial hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, previous alcoholism, and polyneuropathy. He presented with only mild right-sided spastic hemiparesis, dysarthria, decreased tendon reflexes in the lower limbs, spastic-ataxic gait, but he was able to walk unassisted.

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Can Only Be Held Responsible for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura After All Differentials Have Been Ruled Out.

Description This letter to the editor addresses limitations to holding COVID vaccines responsible for the diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and discusses the potential differential diagnoses that must be considered.

Factors influencing workload and stress during resuscitation - A scoping review.

Aim: This scoping review aimed to identify potential variables influencing healthcare provider's perceived workload or stress when performing resuscitation on patients in cardiac arrest.

Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane, and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) to identify studies published prior to February 1, 2024. We used a PECO format for this review: the population were healthcare providers performing resuscitation during simulated or real cardiac arrest; the exposure was the presence of any factor that could impact perceived workload or stress; and the comparator was the absence of any specific factor.

The Omics-Driven Machine Learning Path to Cost-Effective Precision Medicine in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a significant and growing global health challenge, making early detection and slowing disease progression essential for improving patient outcomes. Traditional diagnostic methods such as glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria are insufficient to capture the complexity of CKD. In contrast, omics technologies have shed light on the molecular mechanisms of CKD, helping to identify biomarkers for disease assessment and management.

Opicapone as adjunct to levodopa in treated Parkinson's disease without motor complications: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitors are routinely used to manage motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease (PD). We assessed the effect of opicapone on motor symptom severity in levodopa-treated patients without motor complications.

Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, 24-week, placebo-controlled study of opicapone 50 mg as adjunct to levodopa (NCT04978597).

Data solidarity: Operationalising public value through a digital tool.

Most data governance frameworks are designed to protect the individuals from whom data originates. However, the impacts of digital practices extend to a broader population and are embedded in significant power asymmetries within and across nations. Further, inequities in digital societies impact everyone, not just those directly involved.

Treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, and Spain.

Introduction: The treatment landscape of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) has evolved with the emergence of programmed cell death protein 1/ligand 1 (PD-1/L1) inhibitors. This study assessed mUC treatment patterns in Europe.

Methods: Data were derived from the Adelphi mUC Disease Specific Programme™ (November 2020 to April 2021), a large, cross-sectional, patient record-based survey of physicians in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom.

Domain-Specific Prediction of Clinical Progression in Parkinson's Disease Using the Mosaic Approach.

Purpose: Due to the highly individualized clinical manifestation of Parkinson's disease (PD), personalized patient care may require domain-specific assessment of neurological disability. Evidence from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies has proposed that heterogenous clinical manifestation corresponds to heterogeneous cortical disease burden, suggesting customized, high-resolution assessment of cortical pathology as a candidate biomarker for domain-specific assessment.

Method: Herein, we investigate the potential of the recently proposed Mosaic Approach (MAP), a normative framework for quantifying individual cortical disease burden with respect to a population-representative cohort, in predicting domain-specific clinical progression.

An eco-physiological model of forest photosynthesis and transpiration under combined nitrogen and water limitation.

Although the separate effects of water and nitrogen (N) limitations on forest growth are well known, the question of how to predict their combined effects remains a challenge for modeling of climate change impacts on forests. Here, we address this challenge by developing a new eco-physiological model that accounts for plasticity in stomatal conductance and leaf N concentration. Based on optimality principle, our model determines stomatal conductance and leaf N concentration by balancing carbon uptake maximization, hydraulic risk and cost of maintaining photosynthetic capacity.

Pacific Proving Grounds-Derived U and U: Potential Tracers for Western North Pacific Ocean Dynamics.

U and U are proven to be useful tracers to investigate upper-ocean hydrodynamics due to their source-specific isotopic ratios and conservative behaviors in the open ocean. However, their application in the Pacific Ocean has been limited by scarce observations and unclear source-term information. Here, we present our observations of U and U in the western North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPStG), showing the presence of a source of anthropogenic U featured by a low U/U ratio (∼1 × 10), which is an order of magnitude lower than the global fallout signature (∼2 × 10).

The effects of regular exercise on cognitive and cardiometabolic health in testicular cancer survivors subjected to platinum-based chemotherapy.

Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy provides curative treatment to more than 95% of patients with testicular germ cell tumor but it has negative cardiometabolic and neurological effects. Regular exercise can alleviate late chemotherapy-related toxicities. We examined the impact of a 6-month supervised aerobic-strength training on cognitive and cardiometabolic health and residual level of platinum in cancer survivors.