Human genetic variants in SLC39A8 impact uptake and steady-state metal levels within the cell.

The human () gene encodes a plasma membrane protein SLC39A8 (ZIP8) that mediates the specific uptake of the metals Cd, Mn, Zn, Fe, Co, and Se Pathogenic variants within are associated with congenital disorder of glycosylation type 2 (CDG type II) or Leigh-like syndrome. However, numerous mutations of uncertain significance are also linked to different conditions or benign traits. Our study characterized 21 variants and measured their impact on protein localization and intracellular levels of Cd, Zn, and Mn We identified four variants that disrupt protein expression, five variants with high retention in the endoplasmic reticulum, and 12 variants with localization to the plasma membrane.

Association of Self-Perceived Fatigue, Muscle Fatigue, and Sleep Disorders With Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: Fatigue and sleep disorders are common geriatric conditions and are associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline. This study aimed to examine the relationships among self-perceived fatigue, objective muscle fatigue, sleep apnea risk, insomnia, and cognitive function, focusing on their associations with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Comprehensive Extractables and Leachables Sensitization Analysis and Practical Application of a Risk-Based Approach to Sensitization Assessment for Parenteral Drug Products.

The Extractables and Leachables Safety Information Exchange (ELSIE) Consortium added to the sensitization potency analysis of Parris et al. (2023) by including the Product Quality Research Institute (PQRI) extractable and leachable dataset (Johnson et al., 2024; Product Quality Research Institute, 2021).

Morphological changes to the intercondylar space in different stages of osteoarthritis - a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: The intercondylar space is defined as the topographic area walled by the intercondylar notch (IN) and encasing the central ligaments of the knee joint. As the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is not only impinged against the roof but also against the lateral wall of the IN, information concerning changes to the IN during the progression of osteoarthritis could be potentially relevant in predicting the future risk for ACL-rupture and -degeneration and ensure preventive measures as early as possible. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of osteoarthritis on osseous notch morphology.

Nerve growth factor loaded hypotonic eye drops for corneal nerve repair.

Neurotrophic keratopathy is a degenerative disease caused by corneal nerve damage, leading to corneal ulceration. Recombinant human nerve growth factor (rhNGF) was approved for neurotrophic keratitis therapy; however, the excipients of the eye drops are not optimized for its controlled release. To this aim, we introduce the hypotonic hydrogel PF127 as an excipient for rhNGF in eye drops.

Plasma biomarkers of endothelial function in people with depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The objective of this study is to conduct a literature review and summarize existing research comparing levels of blood markers of endothelial function in people with depression with controls. We searched major databases (Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycINFO) from inception to 23.07.

Pacing Strategy and Resulting Performance of Elite Trail Runners: Insights From the 2023 World Mountain and Trail Running Championships.

Purpose: Pacing is crucial in endurance sports such as running, and its importance is also prominent in trail running due to the unique challenges, including high elevation gains and varied terrain. This study aimed to explore the pacing strategies of elite athletes during the 2023 World Mountain and Trail Running Championships for the Trail Short distance.

Methods: The participants included 12 elite trail runners who provided their race data from sport watches for analysis.

International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2024 Diabetes Technologies: Glucose Monitoring.

The International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) guidelines represent a rich repository that serves as the only comprehensive set of clinical recommendations for children, adolescents, and young adults living with diabetes worldwide. This chapter builds on the 2022 ISPAD guidelines, and summarizes recent advances in the technology behind glucose monitoring, and its role in glucose-responsive integrated technology that is feasible with the use of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems in children and adolescents.

The leader proteinase of foot-and-mouth disease virus: Efficiency through exosites.

Viruses were shown to encode proteinases in the 1970s. Initially, it was assumed that they would be only used for proteolytic processing of the viral proteins. Subsequent investigations showed that such proteinases could affect host metabolism to benefit viral replication.

Reliability, validity and practicability of the Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment tool (CPAx) following an e-learning programme: A clinimetric study.

Objectives: To investigate inter- and intra-rater reliability, content and concurrent validity, and practicability of the Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment tool (CPAx) - a measurement instrument for physical function and activity for patients with a critical illness - from multidisciplinary, German-speaking healthcare professionals.

Methods: This was a prospective, longitudinal, clinimetric study. Participants who completed a novel German CPAx e-learning were invited to participate in a voluntary, web-based, piloted, two-round survey.

Long-term, continuous, subcutaneous levodopa/carbidopa infusion with ND0612 in Parkinson's disease: 3-year outcomes from the open-label BeyoND study.

Introduction: ND0612 is being investigated as a continuous, subcutaneous levodopa/carbidopa infusion, in combination with oral levodopa/carbidopa, for motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease (PD). One-year data from the ongoing BeyoND study (NCT02726386) showed that the ND0612 regimen was safe and well tolerated and provided a sustained ≥2-h improvement in daily Good ON-time through 12 months of treatment.

Methods: We describe 3-year safety and efficacy outcomes for participants who completed 12 months of ND0612 treatment in the core study period and entered the extension phase.

Geosocial Media's Early Warning Capabilities Across US County-Level Political Clusters: Observational Study.

Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) sparked significant health concerns worldwide, prompting policy makers and health care experts to implement nonpharmaceutical public health interventions, such as stay-at-home orders and mask mandates, to slow the spread of the virus. While these interventions proved essential in controlling transmission, they also caused substantial economic and societal costs and should therefore be used strategically, particularly when disease activity is on the rise. In this context, geosocial media posts (posts with an explicit georeference) have been shown to provide a promising tool for anticipating moments of potential health care crises.

The Sikkim flood of October 2023: Drivers, causes and impacts of a multihazard cascade.

On 3 October 2023, a multihazard cascade in the Sikkim Himalaya, India, was triggered by 14.7 million m of frozen lateral moraine collapsing into South Lhonak Lake, generating an ~20 m tsunami-like impact wave, breaching the moraine, and draining ~50 million m of water. The ensuing Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) eroded ~270 million m of sediment, which overwhelmed infrastructure, including hydropower installations along the Teesta River.

Possible influence of sex on the relationship between dual-task gait costs and cognitive decline in older adults.

The impact of cognitive decline in older adults can be evaluated with dual-task gait (DTG) testing in which a cognitive task is performed during walking, leading to increased costs of gait. Previous research demonstrated that higher DTG costs correlate with increasing cognitive deficits and with age. The present study was conducted to explore whether the relationship between the DTG costs and cognitive abilities in older individuals is influenced by sex differences.

Hypointense Findings on Hepatobiliary Phase MR Images.

Hepatobiliary (HB) contrast agents are increasingly valuable diagnostic tools in MRI, offering a wider range of applications as their clinical use expands. Normal hepatocytes take up HB contrast agents, which are subsequently excreted in bile. This property creates a distinct HB phase providing valuable insights into liver function and biliary anatomy.

Adjuvant Atezolizumab for Early Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: The ALEXANDRA/IMpassion030 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Triple-negative breast cancer is an aggressive subtype with a high incidence in young patients, a high incidence in non-Hispanic Black women, and a high risk of progression to metastatic cancer, a devastating sequela with a 12- to 18-month life expectancy. Until recently, one strategy for treating early-stage triple-negative breast cancer was chemotherapy after surgery. However, it was not known whether the addition of immune therapy to postsurgery chemotherapy would be beneficial.

Cancers of the brain and central nervous system: global patterns and trends in incidence.

Background: Global comparisons of the burden and impact of cancers of the brain and central nervous system (CNS) are critical for developing effective control strategies and generating etiological hypotheses to drive future research.

Methods: National incidence estimates were obtained from GLOBOCAN 2022, and recorded incidence data from the Cancer in Five Continents series, both developed and compiled by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. We examined the estimated age-standardized incidence rates in 185 countries, as well as time trends in recorded incidence in 35 countries, quantifying the direction and change in the magnitude of the rates using the estimated average percentage change (EAPC).

Is this scenery worth exploring? Insight into the visual encoding of navigating ants.

Solitary foraging insects like desert ants rely heavily on vision for navigation. While ants can learn visual scenes, it is unclear what cues they use to decide if a scene is worth exploring at the first place. To investigate this, we recorded the motor behavior of Cataglyphis velox ants navigating in a virtual reality set-up (VR) and measured their lateral oscillations in response to various unfamiliar visual scenes under both closed-loop and open-loop conditions.

Approval-based shortlisting.

Unlabelled: Shortlisting is the task of reducing a long list of alternatives to a (smaller) set of best or most suitable alternatives. Shortlisting is often used in the nomination process of awards or in recommender systems to display featured objects. In this paper, we analyze shortlisting methods that are based on approval data, a common type of preferences.

The use of cannabidiol as adjunctive therapy in adult patients with drug-resistant epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Highly purified cannabidiol (CBD), recently approved for various neurological disorders, is explored as a potential therapeutic avenue for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) among adult people with epilepsy (PWE) in this systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To conduct an extensive literature review and meta-analysis of CBD use for DRE in adult PWE.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.