Innovative Infrared Spectroscopic Technologies for the Prediction of Deoxynivalenol in Wheat.

Mycotoxin contamination in cereals is a global food safety concern. One of the most common mycotoxins in grains is deoxynivalenol (DON), a secondary metabolite produced by the fungi and . Exposure to DON can lead to adverse health effects in both humans and animals including vomiting, dizziness, and fever.

Neuropathology in 1984: a deadly shot into the heart of Europe.

Just 40 years ago, Europe was divided into the Eastern communist bloc, which included the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (ČSSR) and was dominated by the now historical Soviet Union, and the Western bloc comprising democracies such as Austria. The Iron Curtain, a heavily guarded and deadly border zone, separated the two blocs and constrained, in prison style, the populations of the Eastern bloc. The present neuropathological article relates the sad fate of František Faktor, a 33 years-old Czech who was shot by ČSSR border guards when attempting to flee to Austria at the border between and .

The Feasibility of Omega-3 Supplementation Compared to Placebo in the Management of Long COVID Symptoms Among Healthcare Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background:  COVID-19 is known to cause significant multisystem inflammatory responses, leading to symptoms beyond the acute phase of illness. These "long COVID" symptoms affect quality of life and interfere with daily activities. This pilot study looks at the feasibility, tolerability, and safety of omega-3 (docosahexaenoic acid+eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA) among healthcare workers with long COVID symptoms in New Jersey.

Review of cancer cell volatile organic compounds: their metabolism and evolution.

Cancer is ranked as the top cause of premature mortality. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are produced from catalytic peroxidation by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and have become a highly attractive non-invasive cancer screening approach. For future clinical applications, however, the correlation between cancer hallmarks and cancer-specific VOCs requires further study.

NR2F6 regulates stem cell hematopoiesis and myelopoiesis in mice.

Nuclear receptors regulate hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and peripheral immune cells in mice and humans. The nuclear orphan receptor NR2F6 (EAR-2) has been shown to control murine hematopoiesis. Still, detailed analysis of the distinct stem cell, myeloid, and lymphoid progenitors in the bone marrow in a genetic loss of function model remains pending.

Case report: Reversible splenial lesion syndrome preceding the onset of multiple sclerosis.

Background: The reversible splenial lesion syndrome is frequently associated with systemic and central nervous system infections. Whether an infection associated with the occurrence of the reversible splenial lesion syndrome could play a role in the later development of multiple sclerosis is unknown.

Methods: Case Report.

Olfactory dysfunction as potential biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases: a narrative review.

Neurodegenerative diseases represent a group of disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of neurons in the central nervous system, leading to a range of cognitive, motor, and sensory impairments. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the association between neurodegenerative diseases and olfactory dysfunction (OD). Characterized by a decline in the ability to detect or identify odors, OD has been observed in various conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).

The modified crABCDE treatment algorithm as recommendation in extreme cold.

Trauma care prioritizes life-threatening conditions using the ABCDE algorithm based on the principle "treat first what kills first". As for catastrophic hemorrhage, a leading preventable cause of death in trauma, modifications of this algorithm are necessary in specific cases. In cold climates, life-threatening hypothermia poses additional challenges.

Current practices in prevention, screening, and treatment of diabetes in kidney transplant recipients: European survey highlights from the ERA DESCARTES Working Group.

Background: Although post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a common complication after kidney transplantation, there are few data on prevention, optimal screening, and treatment strategies.

Methods: The European Renal Association's DESCARTES working group distributed a web-based survey to European transplant centres to gather information on risk assessment, screening procedures, and management practices for preventing and treating PTDM in kidney transplant recipients.

Results: Answers were obtained from 121/241 transplant centres (50%) across 15 European countries.

Psychometric Validation of the German Version of the Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA): A Secondary Analysis of Cross-Sectional Survey Data.

Background And Aims: Regular physical activity holds numerous health benefits for older people, yet the majority of older people do not meet the World Health Organization's physical activity recommendations. Brief physical activity screening tools can support healthcare professionals in identifying patients who would benefit from physical activity promotion and counselling. The Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) questionnaire is a validated brief physical activity screening tool designed for clinical practice.

Loss or inhibition of lysosomal acid lipase leads to cholesteryl ester accumulation without affecting muscle formation or mitochondrial function.

Skeletal muscle (SM) is essential for movement, stability, and overall body function, and it readily adapts to changes in energy demand. Myogenesis is energy-intensive and involves complex molecular and cellular events. We recently demonstrated that the absence of lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) significantly impacts the SM phenotype, primarily by disrupting energy homeostasis and reducing ATP production.

A new method for testing non-porous surfaces for their antimicrobial efficacy using an aerosol-generating spray chamber.

The application of antimicrobial surfaces requires proof of their effectivity by methods in laboratories. One of the most common test methods is ISO 22196:2011, which represents a simple and inexpensive protocol by applying the bacterial suspension with known volume and concentration covered under a polyethylene film on the surfaces. The incubation is then conducted under defined humidity conditions for 24 h.

Integer Charge Transfer Model-PTCDA on MgO(001)/Ag(001) Probing the Transition from Single to Double Integer Charge Transfer.

For weakly interacting adsorbate/substrate systems, the integer charge transfer (ICT) model describes how charge transfer across interfaces depends on the substrate work function. In particular, work function regimes where no charge transfer occurs (vacuum level alignment) can be distinguished from regions where integer charge transfer by electron tunneling from substrate to adsorbate or vice versa takes place (Fermi level pinning). While the formation of singly integer charged molecular anions and cations of organic semiconductors on various substrates has been well described by this model, the double integer charging regime has so far remained unexplored and experimentally elusive.

Morbidity of the Free Fibular Flap in Reconstructive Surgery.

Background: Our study evaluated long-term morbidities in patients and compared subjective morbidities to those measurable objectively.

Methods: Patients completed a questionnaire regarding long-term morbidity, filled out the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire by Ruscheweyh et al. and were examined physically.

Niche partitioning in a periphyton metacommunity peaks at intermediate species richness in midsized rivers.

The trait-based partitioning of species plays a critical role in biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships. This niche partitioning drives and depends on community structure, yet this link remains elusive in the context of a metacommunity, where local community assembly is dictated by regional dispersal alongside local environmental conditions. Hence, elucidating the coupling of niche partitioning and community structure needs spatially explicit studies.

Effects of time-restricted feeding and meal timing on an 8-week fat oxidation exercise training program-A randomized controlled trial.

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) and aerobic exercise are lifestyle interventions to prevent or manage different metabolic diseases. How these interventions interact, including the impact of meal timing, is not well understood. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of TRF on fat oxidation during exercise, whereby participants performed an 8-week fat-training program either in the fasted state or after a carbohydrate-based snack.

The association of capillary refill time and return of spontaneous circulation during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: an observational study.

Introduction: Microcirculatory alterations are predictive of poor outcomes in patients with shock and after cardiac arrest in animal models. However, microcirculatory alterations during human cardiac arrest have not yet been studied.

Methods: We prospectively included adult patients receiving resuscitation after witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

First autochthonous case of Opisthorchis felineus in Austria.

Background: Opisthorchis felineus is a feline pathogen with zoonotic potential that can be a causative agent of human opisthorchiasis and cholangiocarcinoma. In Europe, O. felineus is particularly endemic in Eastern European countries, while this parasite has also been sporadically detected in Germany, Italy and northern Poland.

Compromised Nipple-Areola Complex Perfusion after Reduction Mammaplasty or Mastopexy: A Retrospective Evaluation of Different Treatments.

Background: Necrosis of the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) is a rare but devastating complication after reduction mammaplasty or mastopexy. Various approaches for improving compromised perfusion of the NAC have been described. However, detailed data on this topic in the literature is still scarce.

Neoadjuvant nivolumab and chemotherapy in early estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial.

Patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) primary breast cancer (BC) have low pathological complete response (pCR) rates with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A subset of ER+/HER2- BC contains dense lymphocytic infiltration. We hypothesized that addition of an anti-programmed death 1 agent may increase pCR rates in this BC subtype.

Tumour growth rate and invasive interval cancer characteristics in a UK breast cancer screening population.

Objectives: To estimate tumour volume doubling time (TVDT) of interval cancers (ICs).

Methods: Two radiologists retrospectively reviewed prior screening and diagnostic mammograms and measured mean diameter on "visible" ICs. Univariate analyses of clinicopathological variables (ER, HER2, grade, age at diagnosis, and breast density) were undertaken, and those with p < 0.

Insights from a century of data reveal global trends in ex situ living plant collections.

Ex situ living plant collections play a crucial role in providing nature-based solutions to twenty-first century global challenges. However, the complex dynamics of these artificial ecosystems are poorly quantified and understood, affecting biodiversity storage, conservation and utilization. To evaluate the management of ex situ plant diversity, we analysed a century of data comprising 2.