Nurses' Perspectives on the Use of Prophylactic Dressings to Prevent Pressure Injury: A Qualitative Study.

Aim: To understand, from a nursing perspective, factors affecting the use of prophylactic dressings to prevent pressure injuries in acute hospitalised adults.

Background: Pressure injury causes harm to patients and incurs significant costs to health services. Significant emphasis is placed on their prevention.

Clinicians' and Patients' Experiences and Perceptions on the Prevention and Management of Surgical Site Infections: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review.

Aim: To explore clinicians' and patients' perceptions of implementing evidence-based practice to improve clinical practice for preventing and managing surgical site infections within hospital acute care settings.

Design: A convergent integrated mixed-methods systematic review using the Joanna Briggs Institute approach.

Methods: Included studies reported (i) acute care hospital clinicians' and patients' experiences and preferences for preventing and managing surgical site infections and (ii) barriers and facilitators to implementing surgical site infection prevention and management guidelines.

Implementation of a risk-stratified intervention bundle to prevent pressure injury in intensive care: A before-after study.

Background: Hospital-acquired pressure injury is an enduring problem in intensive care. Several intensive care-specific pressure injury risk assessment tools have been developed, but to date, only the COMHON Index has been aligned with risk-stratified preventative interventions.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a risk-stratified intervention bundle to reduce pressure injury in intensive care and to assess compliance with bundled interventions.

Adaptive Trials in Stroke: Current Use and Future Directions.

Inclusion of adaptive design features in a clinical trial provides preplanned flexibility to dynamically modify a trial during its conduct while preserving validity and integrity. Adaptive trials are needed to accelerate the conduct of more efficient, informative, and ethical clinical research in the field of neurology. Stroke is a natural candidate for adoption of these innovative approaches to trial design.

The Chinese Mandarin COMHON Index and Braden Scale to assess pressure injury risk in intensive care: An inter-rater reliability and convergent validity study.

Background: The COMHON Index is an intensive-care-specific pressure injury risk assessment tool, which has demonstrated promising psychometric properties. It has been translated into Chinese Mandarin but requires inter-rater reliability testing and comparison to the standard care instrument (Braden Scale) before clinical use.

Objectives: This study aimed to test and compare the inter-rater reliability and convergent validity of the Chinese Mandarin versions of the COMHON Index and Braden Scale.

Use of a risk-based intervention bundle to prescribe and implement interventions to prevent pressure injury: An observational study.

Aim: To explore the relationship between the prescription and implementation of pressure injury preventative interventions following risk assessment combined with a risk-stratified intervention bundle.

Design: Single-centre, cross-sectional, observational, prospective.

Methods: The charts and bedsides of 341 adult inpatients were examined.

Different heart rate variability profile during sleep in mid-later life adults with remitted early-onset versus late-onset depression.

Background: In mid-later life adults, early-onset and late-onset (i.e., onset ≥50 years) depression appear to be underpinned by different pathophysiology yet have not been examined in relation to autonomic function.

Pressure injury risk assessment and prescription of preventative interventions using a structured tool versus clinical judgement: An interrater agreement study.

Aim: To assess agreement of pressure injury risk level and differences in preventative intervention prescription between nurses using a structured risk assessment tool compared with clinical judgement.

Design: Interrater agreement study.

Methods: Data were collected from November 2019 to December 2022.

The use of interpreter services and its barriers faced by hospital staff when accessing interpreters for patients with low English proficiency during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Issue Addressed: Patients with low English proficiency (LEP) often require interpreter services in health care, however, their usage remains low. This study aimed to explore the barriers to accessing interpreter services and suggests ways services can be improved in hospitals.

Methods: We conducted focus groups with clinicians and a retrospective audit of patient records.

Assessment of pressure injury risk in intensive care using the COMHON index: An interrater reliability study.

Objectives: To assess the interrater reliability of the COMHON (level of COnciousness, Mobility, Haemodynamics, Oxygenation, Nutrition) Index pressure injury risk assessment tool.

Design: Interrater reliability was tested. Twenty-five intensive care patients were each assessed by five different nurse-raters from a pool of intensive care nurses who were available on the days of assessment.

The frequency and reasons for missed nursing care in Australian perioperative nurses: A national survey.

Aim: To describe Australian perioperative nurses' reported frequency and reasons for missed nursing care in the operating room.

Design: Cross-sectional online survey conducted in March-April 2022.

Methods: A census of Australian perioperative nurses who were members of a national professional body were invited to complete a survey that focussed on their reported frequency of missed nursing care and the reasons for missed nursing care in the operating room using the MISSCare Survey OR.

Nutritional interventions for preventing and treating pressure ulcers.

Background: Pressure ulcers are localized injuries to the skin or the underlying tissue, or both, and are common in older and immobile people, people with diabetes, vascular disease, or malnutrition, as well as those who require intensive or palliative care. People with pressure ulcers often suffer from severe pain and exhibit social avoidance behaviours. The prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers involves strategies to optimize hydration, circulation, and nutrition.

Barriers and facilitators of lifestyle management among adult South Asian migrants living with chronic diseases: A mixed-methods systematic review.

Background And Aim: South Asian migrants have a higher prevalence of chronic diseases than Caucasians. Despite much literature that has explored challenges in chronic disease management amongst the South Asian population in the past decades, their chronic disease management is still suboptimal. Understanding their determinants of disease management behaviour using the Theoretical Domains Framework will inform the development of a culturally sensitive intervention relevant to consumer-end-users.

Commercial tobacco endgame themes in the Australian media from 2000 to 2021.

Background: Conventional tobacco control is dominated by demand-reduction measures, whereas commercial tobacco endgame (endgame) policies address the key drivers that maintain the tobacco epidemic, such as Tobacco Industry interference in policymaking, the addictiveness of commercial tobacco products and their widespread availability via retail outlets. While Australia has been a pioneer in tobacco control, Australian Governments are yet to commit to endgame policies. The media play an important role reflecting and influencing public opinion and policymaker positions, and can help set the agenda for policy innovation.

Assessing sleep architecture and cognition in older adults with depressive symptoms attending a memory clinic.

Background: While depression is intrinsically and bidirectionally linked with both sleep disturbance and cognition, the inter-relationships between sleep, cognition, and brain integrity in older people with depression, especially those with late-onset depression are undefined.

Methods: One hundred and seventy-two older adults (mean age 64.3 ± 6.

Interconception care in Australian general practice: a qualitative study.

Background: GPs provide care for women across the lifespan. This care currently includes preconception and postpartum phases of a woman's life. Interconception care (ICC) addresses women's health issues between pregnancies that then have impact on maternal and infant outcomes, such as lifestyle and biomedical risks, interpregnancy intervals, and contraception provision.

Incontinence during and following hospitalisation: a prospective study of prevalence, incidence and association with clinical outcomes.

Background: Incontinence is common in hospitalised older adults but few studies report new incidence during or following hospitalisation.

Objective: To describe prevalence and incidence of incontinence in older inpatients and associations with clinical outcomes.

Design: Secondary analysis of prospectively collected data from consecutive consenting inpatients age 65 years and older on medical and surgical wards in four Australian public hospitals.

Barriers and facilitators to implementing pressure injury prevention and management guidelines in acute care: A mixed-methods systematic review.

Background: Evidence-based pressure injury prevention and management is a global health service priority. Low uptake of pressure injury guidelines leads to compromised patient outcomes. Understanding clinicians' and patients' views on the barriers and facilitators to implementing guidelines and mapping the identified barriers and facilitators to the Theoretical Domains Framework and behaviour change techniques will inform an end-user and theoretically informed intervention to improve guideline uptake in the acute care setting.

Development and validation of a survey designed to measure patient experience of and preference for surgical wound care discharge education: A pilot study.

Aim Of The Study: To develop and undertake validation testing of a survey designed to measure patients' experiences of and preferences for surgical wound care discharge education.

Materials And Methods: A literature review and content analysis was undertaken on patients' experiences of and preferences for surgical wound care discharge education. Four themes were uncovered in the literature (wound care discharge education, preferences for discharge education delivery, participation in wound care decisions and patient ability to manage their surgical wound to prevent wound complications), which guided item generation.

Psychometric validation of the Perceived Perioperative Competence Scale-Revised Short Form.

Aim: To develop a parsimonious, shortened version of the Perceived Perioperative Competence Scale-Revised for perioperative nurses to complete as part of their specialty training while retaining good psychometric properties.

Design: A longitudinal online survey was adopted.

Methods: A national sample of perioperative nurses from Australia completed an online survey at two different time points 6 months apart between February and October 2021.

Cost-effectiveness of closed incision negative pressure wound therapy in preventing surgical site infection among obese women giving birth by caesarean section: An economic evaluation (DRESSING trial).

Background: There is growing evidence regarding the potential of closed incision negative pressure wound therapy (ci-NPWT) to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs) in healing wounds by primary closure following a caesarean section (CS).

Aim: To assess the cost-effectiveness of ci-NPWT compared to standard dressings for prevention of SSI in obese women giving birth by CS.

Materials And Methods: Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses from a health service perspective were undertaken alongside a multicentre pragmatic randomised controlled trial, which recruited women with a pre-pregnancy body mass index ≥30 kg/m giving birth by elective/semi-urgent CS who received ci-NPWT (n = 1017) or standard dressings (n = 1018).

A Composite Serum Biomarker Index for the Diagnosis of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Multicenter, Observational Cohort Study.

Objective: In patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), we investigated composite serum biomarker panels for the diagnosis and risk stratification of SSc-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD).

Methods: We analyzed 28 biomarkers in 640 participants: 259 patients with SSc-ILD and 179 SSc patients without ILD (Australian Scleroderma Cohort Study), 172 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF-controls) (Australian IPF Registry), and 30 healthy controls. A composite index was developed from biomarkers associated with ILD in multivariable analysis derived at empirical thresholds.

Effectiveness and co-benefits of a telephone-based intervention in reducing obesity risk of children aged 2-4 years: findings from a pragmatic randomised controlled trial during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia.

Background: Evidence of effective early childhood obesity prevention is scarce and mainly derived from face-to-face interventions. However, the COVID-19 pandemic drastically reduced face-to-face health programmes globally. This study assessed effectiveness of a telephone-based intervention in reducing obesity risk of young children.

Interactivity, Quality, and Content of Websites Promoting Health Behaviors During Infancy: 6-Year Update of the Systematic Assessment.

Background: As of 2021, 89% of the Australian population are active internet users. Although the internet is widely used, there are concerns about the quality, accuracy, and credibility of health-related websites. A 2015 systematic assessment of infant feeding websites and apps available in Australia found that 61% of websites were of poor quality and readability, with minimal coverage of infant feeding topics and lack of author credibility.

Economic evaluation of the Communicating Healthy Beginnings Advice by Telephone trial for early childhood obesity prevention.

Objective: This study aimed to conduct an economic evaluation of the Communicating Healthy Beginnings Advice by Telephone (CHAT) trial to prevent childhood obesity.

Methods: Cost-effectiveness analyses were conducted for the telephone and short message service (SMS) delivery of Healthy Beginnings advice, compared with usual care, which included child health services unrelated to Healthy Beginnings. Costs were valued in 2018 Australian dollars, and costs and outcomes were discounted at 5% per year.