The effects of gender, personal trauma history and memory continuity on the believability of child sexual abuse disclosure among psychologists.

Gender, a personal history of trauma and attitudes towards continuous vs recovered memories of abuse significantly impact the believability of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) disclosures in community samples. Yet, whether these variables influence the believability of CSA disclosure and subsequent clinical decisions made by practicing psychologists is underexplored. A vignette of trauma disclosure from a hypothetical adult client was presented via an online survey to 292 registered psychologists.

Sleep schedules and school performance in Indigenous Australian children.

Background: Sleep duration and sleep schedule variability have been related to negative health and well-being outcomes in children, but little is known about Australian Indigenous children.

Methods: Data for children aged 7-9 years came from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children and the National Assessment Program-Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN). Latent class analysis determined sleep classes taking into account sleep duration, bedtimes, waketimes, and variability in bedtimes from weekdays to weekends.

Memory Rehabilitation in Patients with Epilepsy: a Systematic Review.

Memory failure is a common clinical concern of patients with epilepsy and is associated with significant functional impairments. Thus, memory rehabilitation is of critical clinical importance. In this article, we aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of memory rehabilitation in patients with epilepsy.

Virtual peer-delivered memory intervention: a single-case experimental design in an adolescent with chronic memory impairment.

Background: Children and adolescents with chronic memory impairment may develop coping strategies that enable functioning, yet these often remain undetectable using traditional psychometric measures. Personalized intervention studies that promote the use of such strategies designed specifically for use by this young cohort are scarce.

Objective: To investigate the effect of a novel virtual reality peer-delivered memory intervention on the everyday functioning and well-being of SE, a 17-year-old female with a history of chronic verbal memory issues, impaired autobiographical event recall and elevated mood symptoms.

Enuresis Management in Children: Retrospective Clinical Audit of 2861 Cases Treated with Practitioner-Assisted Bell-and-Pad Alarm.

Objective: To establish the treatment efficacy of practitioner-assisted bell-and-pad alarm therapy in children with enuresis between the ages of 5 and 16 years by retrospective medical chart review of 2861 children in multiple clinical settings.

Study Design: This review was conducted across 7 Australian clinical practices. The primary outcome measure was the time taken for children with either primary, secondary, monosymptomatic, or nonmonosymptomatic enuresis to be dry for 14 consecutive nights.

Symptoms of Depression in People Living with HIV in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: Prevalence and Associated Factors.

This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence and correlates of symptoms of depression among 400 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) from two HIV clinics in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Based on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale, 36.5% of participants were classified as likely to be clinically depressed.

Accessing support before or after a parent dies from cancer and young people's current wellbeing.

Purpose: To examine differences in distress and unmet needs between bereaved adolescent and young adult (AYA) offspring who accessed support before and after being bereaved by parental cancer, and to explore aspects of their cancer experience that influenced their help-seeking.

Methods: Phase 1: Surveys completed by AYAs (11-26 years) bereaved by parental cancer were subjected to analysis of covariance examining differences in distress and unmet needs between those who accessed support before (n = 159) and after (n = 212) parental bereavement. Phase 2: Semi-structured interviews explored the cancer experiences of bereaved offspring (n = 8) and factors that influenced their decision to seek support.

Quantifying the Physiological Stress Response to Simulated Maritime Pilotage Tasks: The Influence of Task Complexity and Pilot Experience.

Objective: The aim of this study was to quantify the stress associated with performing maritime pilotage tasks in a high-fidelity simulator.

Methods: Eight trainee and 13 maritime pilots completed two simulated pilotage tasks of varying complexity. Salivary cortisol samples were collected pre- and post-simulation for both trials.

Feasibility randomised controlled trial of a self-help acceptance and commitment therapy intervention for grief and psychological distress in carers of palliative care patients.

We tested the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of an acceptance and commitment therapy self-help intervention for grief and psychological distress in carers of patients in palliative care. Carers were randomised to the control group, which received treatment as usual, or the intervention group, which received treatment as usual plus an acceptance and commitment therapy-based self-help booklet and telephone support call. Questionnaires were completed at baseline, 1-month post-allocation and 6 months post-loss.

In-Service Training for Increasing Teachers' ADHD Knowledge and Self-Efficacy.

Objective: The aim of this article is to evaluate the efficacy of a brief in-service training workshop at increasing primary school teachers' ADHD knowledge and sense of self-efficacy.

Method: Teachers from 10 schools participated in the study ( n = 274) and were allocated into either an intervention or waitlist control group. Teachers' ADHD knowledge and self-efficacy were assessed following the provision of a brief training workshop on ADHD.

Is Higher Acceptance Associated With Less Anticipatory Grief Among Patients in Palliative Care?

Context: Patients in palliative care can experience substantial psychological suffering. Acceptance-based interventions from approaches such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy have demonstrated effectiveness in helping people cope with a range of life challenges. However, there is a dearth of research examining mechanisms of therapeutic change for patients in palliative care.

The relationship between chronotype and depressive symptoms: A meta-analysis.

Background: Expanding our understanding of the factors that influence depression is crucial for prognosis and treatment. In light of increasing evidence of an association between disrupted circadian rhythms and affective symptoms, a meta-analysis was used to examine the relationship between an eveningness chronotype and depression.

Methods: Electronic searches of the PsycINFO, Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were conducted in February 2016.

Prevalence and Correlates of Probable HIV-Associated Dementia in HIV Outpatients in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

This study identified prevalence and correlates of HIV-associated dementia (HAD) among people living with HIV (PLWHA) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Four hundred PLWHA completed a self-report questionnaire and were interviewed by a trained researcher to assess HAD using the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS). Clinical information concerning HIV treatment was also extracted from medical records.

The association between symptoms of mental disorders and health risk behaviours in Vietnamese HIV positive outpatients: a cross-sectional study.

Background: A high prevalence of symptoms of mental disorders (SOMD) has been found among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). Additionally, SOMD may impact on the prevalence of high-risk health behaviours (HRB). This study investigates the relationship between SOMD and HRB in a large sample of Vietnamese HIV positive outpatients.

Pain Catastrophizing and Negative Mood States After Spinal Cord Injury: Transitioning From Inpatient Rehabilitation Into the Community.

Unlabelled: Chronic pain is prevalent in people with spinal cord injury (SCI). We investigated how chronic pain intensity and catastrophizing varies in adults with SCI during inpatient rehabilitation up to 12 months postinjury after transitioning into the community. Eighty-eight participants with SCI were assessed for pain intensity and catastrophizing, depressive mood states, and cognitive performance.

An Exploration of Smoking Among People Attending Residential Substance Abuse Treatment: Prevalence and Outcomes at Three Months Post-Discharge.

Objectives: Smoking continues to be a major health concern for people with a history of alcohol or other substance use problems. The current research is aimed to (1) describe the prevalence of smoking in residential addictions treatment services and (2) compare characteristics of people who had or had not quit smoking.

Methods: Participants were attending residential substance abuse treatment provided by the Australian Salvation Army.

Attention deficits in children with epilepsy: Preliminary findings.

Objective: Attention difficulties are a common clinical complaint among children with epilepsy. We aimed to compare a range of attentional abilities between groups of children with two common epilepsy syndromes, Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) and Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy (IGE), and to healthy controls. We also investigated whether epilepsy factors (laterality of seizure focus, epilepsy onset, duration, and severity) were related to attentional abilities.

Psychological interventions for psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: A meta-analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate and synthesize the available evidence from the previous 20 years regarding the utility of psychological interventions in the management of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES).

Method: Studies were retrieved from MEDLINE via OvidSP and PsychINFO. Selection criteria included controlled and before-after non-controlled studies including case series, using seizure frequency as an outcome measurement.

An acceptance and commitment therapy self-help intervention for carers of patients in palliative care: Protocol of a feasibility randomised controlled trial.

Undertaking a caregiving role at end of life can have enduring psychological consequences for carers, including poor adjustment in bereavement. Acceptance and commitment therapy-based interventions have demonstrated effectiveness in helping people cope with a range of life challenges. This article presents the protocol of a feasibility randomised controlled trial of an acceptance and commitment therapy self-help intervention for psychological distress and grief in carers of patients in palliative care.

Heart Rate Variability, Flow, Mood and Mental Stress During Yoga Practices in Yoga Practitioners, Non-yoga Practitioners and People with Metabolic Syndrome.

Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and respiratory sinus arrhythmia are directly associated with autonomic flexibility, self-regulation and well-being, and inversely associated with physiological stress, psychological stress and pathology. Yoga enhances autonomic activity, mitigates stress and benefits stress-related clinical conditions, yet the relationship between autonomic activity and psychophysiological responses during yoga practices and stressful stimuli has not been widely explored. This experimental study explored the relationship between HRV, mood states and flow experiences in regular yoga practitioners (YP), non-yoga practitioners (NY) and people with metabolic syndrome (MetS), during Mental Arithmetic Stress Test (MAST) and various yoga practices.

Screening value of the Center for epidemiologic studies - depression scale among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: a validation study.

Background: Depression is believed to be under-diagnosed and under-treated in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). Early screening and referral to mental health services for treatment has been shown to enhance HIV patients' health during the course of HIV treatment. A lack of psychiatric specialist services for PLHIV at outpatient clinics (OPC) in Vietnam leads to insufficient identification of depression.

Short message service prompts for skills practice in Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy for chronic pain - are they feasible and effective?

Background: Patients face numerous challenges adopting skills taught within pain self-management programmes. The present study reports the acceptability and preliminary outcomes of supplementing an Internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) course for chronic pain, the Pain Course, with brief automated short message service (SMS) prompts that encourage skills practice.

Methods: Participants were recruited from the Waitlist Control Group of a large randomized controlled trial and provided access to the Pain Course over 8 weeks, with the addition of SMS prompts.

The Differential Impact of Tourette's Syndrome and Comorbid Diagnosis on the Quality of Life and Functioning of Diagnosed Children and Adolescents.

Problem: Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder associated with adverse outcomes. High rates of comorbidity (80-90%) complicate presentation, yet the relationship among TS, common comorbid diagnoses, and adversity is not well understood. This research investigated the impact of comorbidity, and the discrete effects of common comorbid diagnoses, on quality of life (QoL) and functioning of youth with TS.

The Impact of Tic Severity, Comorbidity and Peer Attachment on Quality of Life Outcomes and Functioning in Tourette's Syndrome: Parental Perspectives.

The aim of this controlled, community-based study based on data from parents of youth (aged 7-16 years) with Tourette's syndrome (TS; n = 86) and parents of age and gender matched peers (n = 108) was to test several hypotheses involving a range of variables salient to the TS population, including peer attachment, quality of life, severity of tics, comorbidity, and psychological, behavioural and social dysfunction. Multivariate between-group analyses confirmed that TS group youth experienced lower quality of life, increased emotional, behavioural and social difficulties, and elevated rates of insecure peer attachment relative to controls, as reported by their primary caregiver. Results also confirmed the main hypothesis that security of peer attachment would be associated with individual variability in outcomes for youth with TS.

Factors impacting the quality of peer relationships of youth with Tourette's syndrome.

Background: Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a poorly understood neurodevelopmental disorder consistently associated with impaired peer relationships. This research aimed to investigate the relationship between TS and the ability of diagnosed youth to form secure attachment relationships with peers. A quantitative study examined differences between youth with TS and typically developing peers in social functioning, relationship problems and attachment security.