Systematic review of universal school-based resilience interventions targeting adolescent tobacco, alcohol or illicit drug use: review protocol.

Introduction: Tobacco, alcohol and illicit drug use contribute significantly to global rates of morbidity and mortality. Despite evidence suggesting interventions designed to increase adolescent resilience may represent a means of reducing adolescent substance use, and schools providing a key opportunity to implement such interventions, existing systematic reviews assessing the effectiveness of school-based interventions targeting adolescent substance use have not examined this potential.

Methods And Analysis: The aim of the systematic review is to determine whether universal interventions focused on enhancing the resilience of adolescents are effective in reducing adolescent substance use.

Accuracy of general practitioner unassisted detection of depression.

Objective: Primary care is an important setting for the treatment of depression. The aim of the study was to describe the accuracy of unassisted general practitioner judgements of patients' depression compared to a standardised depression-screening tool delivered via touch-screen computer.

Method: English-speaking patients, aged 18 or older, completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) when presenting for care to one of 51 general practitioners in Australia.

Development of an experimental model for assessing the effects of cigarette smoke and virus infections on inflammatory responses to bacterial antigens.

Interactions among major risk factors associated with bacterial infections were assessed in a model system using surrogates for virus infection; IFN-g, and exposure to cigarette smoke; cigarette smoke extract (CSE), nicotine and cotinine. Cytokine responses elicited by LPS from THP-1 cells in the presence of these components, or combinations of components, were assessed by multiplex bead assay, i.e.