Impact of Physical and Psychological Strain on Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Construction Industry.

This study examined the interplay between physical workload, psychological stress, and the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among construction workers in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study used a purposive sampling technique to gather quantitative data from 409 respondents working in four construction companies through structured questionnaires. Data collection tools included the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire III (COPSOQ III), the K10 scale for psychosocial distress, and the Nordic Body Map for musculoskeletal symptoms.

Leadership and management skills for student nurses: a scoping review.

Background: Existing literature has emphasized the importance of certain skills vital for student nurses as they prepare for leadership and management roles before becoming registered nurses. This review aims to provide a more comprehensive insight into the essential leadership and management skills identified in previous research. The current study seeks to explore the leadership and management skills necessary to prepare student nurses for their roles in clinical settings.

Development and evaluation of patient-centred polygenic risk score reports for glaucoma screening.

Background: Polygenic risk scores (PRS), which provide an individual probabilistic estimate of genetic susceptibility to develop a disease, have shown effective risk stratification for glaucoma onset. However, there is limited best practice evidence for reporting PRS and patient-friendly reports for communicating PRS effectively are lacking. Here we developed patient-centred PRS reports for glaucoma screening based on the literature, and evaluated them with participants using a qualitative research approach.

Exploring the influence of pregnancy on cognitive function in women: a systematic review.

Background: Pregnancy has been increasingly recognized for its potential impact on cognitive function influenced significantly by hormonal fluctuations such as estrogen and progesterone. However, the findings from research in this area remain debated, often varying with individual factors and pregnancy trimesters.

Objective: This study aims to systematically review existing literature and empirical research to better understand the phenomenon known as "pregnancy brain" and its association with cognitive change.

Difference of SARS-CoV-2 infection and influence factors between people with and without HIV infection.

Background: There are mixed findings in the literature regarding the association between HIV status and the risk of COVID-19 infection. Thus, we aimed to estimate the association between characteristics of HIV infection and the risk of COVID-19 Infection in a Chinese sample.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1995 people living with HIV (PLWH) and 3503 HIV-negative adults in Ningbo, China.

Subgroups based on fears of evaluation exhibited different social anxiety levels.

The bivalent fear of evaluation model proposes that fear of negative evaluation (FNE) and fear of positive evaluation (FPE) are distinct but related constructs, and that social anxiety arises when they are elevated. This represents a variable-centered perspective. However, a recent review suggested that individuals may be affected by unique combinations of FNE and FPE because they have different functions, mechanisms, and outcomes.

Fetal cardiac function in pregnancy affected by congenital heart disease: protocol for a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common fetal malformation, and it can result first in cardiac remodeling and dysfunction and later in cardiac failure and hydrops. A limited number of studies have evaluated cardiac function in fetuses affected by CHD. Functional parameters could potentially identify fetuses at risk of cardiac failure before its development.

Is maternal diabetes during pregnancy associated with neurodevelopmental, cognitive and behavioural outcomes in children? Insights from individual participant data meta-analysis in ten birth cohorts.

Background: Growing evidence shows that dysregulated metabolic intrauterine environments can affect offspring's neurodevelopment and behaviour. However, the results of individual cohort studies have been inconsistent. We aimed to investigate the association between maternal diabetes before pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with neurodevelopmental, cognitive and behavioural outcomes in children.

PathoGD: an integrative genomics approach to primer and guide RNA design for CRISPR-based diagnostics.

Critical to the success of CRISPR-based diagnostic assays is the selection of a diagnostic target highly specific to the organism of interest, a process often requiring iterative cycles of manual selection, optimisation, and redesign. Here we present PathoGD, a bioinformatic pipeline for rapid and high-throughput design of RPA primers and gRNAs for CRISPR-Cas12a-based pathogen detection. PathoGD is fully automated, leverages publicly available sequences and is scalable to large datasets, allowing rapid continuous monitoring and validation of primer/gRNA sets to ensure ongoing assay relevance.

Risk-directed management of chronic kidney disease.

The timely and rational institution of therapy is a key step towards reducing the global burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is a heterogeneous entity with varied aetiologies and diverse trajectories, which include risk of kidney failure but also cardiovascular events and death. Developments in the past decade include substantial progress in CKD risk prediction, driven in part by the accumulation of electronic health records data.

Kidney immunology from pathophysiology to clinical translation.

Kidney diseases are widespread and represent a considerable medical, social and economic burden. However, there has been marked progress in understanding the immunological aspects of kidney disease. This includes the identification of distinct intrarenal immunological niches and characterization of kidney disease endotypes according to the underlying molecular immunopathology, as well as a better understanding of the pathological roles for T cells, mononuclear phagocytes and B cells and the renal elements they target.

Highly sensitive, responsive, and selective iodine gas sensor fabricated using AgI-functionalized graphene.

Radioactive molecular iodine (I) is a critical volatile pollutant generated in nuclear energy applications, necessitating sensors that rapidly and selectively detect low concentrations of I vapor to protect human health and the environment. In this study, we design and prepare a three-component sensing material comprising reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as the substrate, silver iodide (AgI) particles as active sites, and polystyrene sulfonate as an additive. The AgI particles enable reversible adsorption and conversion of I molecules into polyiodides, inducing substantial charge density variation in rGO.

Advancing the genetic engineering toolbox by combining AsCas12a knock-in mice with ultra-compact screening.

Cas12a is a next-generation gene editing tool that enables multiplexed gene targeting. Here, we present a mouse model that constitutively expresses enhanced Acidaminococcus sp. Cas12a (enAsCas12a) linked to an mCherry fluorescent reporter.

Amphibian cellular immune response to chytridiomycosis at metamorphic climax.

The fungal disease chytridiomycosis (caused by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis [Bd]) is a primary contributor to amphibian declines. The frog metamorphic stages, characterised by extensive physiological reorganisation and energy expenditure, have heightened susceptibility to Bd. However, little is known about how these metamorphic stages respond immunologically to Bd infection.

Multiplexing Label-Free Polymeric Nanocarriers via Antipolymer Antibodies.

Recent examples of immune responses directed against the synthetic polymer poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) have led to the development of biocompatible polymers, which are viewed as promising candidates to act as surrogate materials for use in biological applications, such as hydrophilic poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx). Despite this, the characterization of critical aspects of the immune response against these emerging materials is sparse, in part because no known monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against this family of synthetic material have been reported. To advance the understanding of such responses, we report the successful isolation and characterization of hybridoma-derived mAbs with excellent specificity for different POx species and notable selectivity for highly branched polymer architectures over linear systems.

How confident are Queensland paramedics with seizure recognition, differentiation, and management? A pilot study.

Background: Paramedics in Australia present as the opportune medical personnel to initiate medical intervention of seizure presentations and perform a fundamental role in the prevention of seizure associated morbidity and mortality. Despite being well equipped to manage seizures, no literature exists regarding their confidence to recognise, differentiate, or manage seizures.

Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was undertaken by 168 paramedics practicing clinically for the Queensland Ambulance Service in Australia.

Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance recommendations toward environmentally sustainable cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

Delivery of health care, including medical imaging, generates substantial global greenhouse gas emissions. The cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) community has an opportunity to decrease our carbon footprint, mitigate the effects of the climate crisis, and develop resiliency to current and future impacts of climate change. The goal of this document is to review and recommend actions and strategies to allow for CMR operation with improved sustainability, including efficient CMR protocols and CMR imaging workflow strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, energy, and waste, and to decrease reliance on finite resources, including helium and waterbody contamination by gadolinium-based contrast agents.

The prevalence of disability among adolescents and young adults in low and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional comparison of two measures.

Background: The Washington Group Short Set on Functioning (WG-SS) is frequently used to identify disability among adults in national surveys. Concerns have been raised about the utility of the WG-SS given that it fails to include any items relating to psychosocial disability.

Objective: To compare prevalence estimates for adolescents and young adults derived from the Washington Group's Child Functioning Module (WG-CFM; age 15-17) and the WG-SS (age 18-25).

Pregnant women's choices for preventing respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Introduction: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and can lead to severe respiratory distress, especially in very young infants. No specific treatments exist for RSV. However, new preventative strategies have become available including RSV vaccine for pregnant women and monoclonal antibody for infants.

Final Overall Survival and Molecular Data Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Patients Receiving Ipatasertib and Abiraterone in the Phase 3 IPATential150 Trial.

Background And Objective: In the phase 3 IPATential150 trial, ipatasertib addition to abiraterone significantly reduced the risk of disease progression in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with PTEN loss on immunohistochemistry (IHC), but not in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. Here we report the final overall survival (OS) analysis and present results for prespecified and exploratory biomarker analyses.

Methods: Patients were randomized to receive ipatasertib (400 mg once daily) or placebo.

Risk factors for visual loss after excision of orbital cavernous venous malformations: a systematic review.

Background: Orbital cavernous venous malformations (OCVMs) are the most common primary orbital mass lesion and presenting symptoms are usually secondary to a mass effect. Surgical excision presents unique challenges and vision loss is a rare, but devastating, complication. This review aims to identify risk factors for vision loss with excision of OCVMs.

Severe pulmonary arterial hypertension and cardiogenic shock in acute systemic lupus erythematosus.

We describe a woman in her late 20s with newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), who presented with fulminant pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) requiring inotropic and extracorporeal support. She was established on triple pulmonary vasodilator therapy with concurrent aggressive immunosuppression; however, treatment was complicated by infection and diffuse alveolar haemorrhage, necessitating delays in immunosuppression and withdrawal of epoprostenol. Despite this, with ongoing suppression of her SLE, her pulmonary haemodynamics improved, with normal pressures on right heart catheterisation several months later allowing stepdown to sildenafil monotherapy.

Implications of conflict on vaccination in the Sahel region.

The Sahel region is a geographical belt in Africa that stretches from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea, between the Sahara Desert in the north and the Savannah in the south. It is characterised by challenging environmental crises and conflicts. This analysis highlights the potential implications of conflict on vaccination across five Sahel countries, including Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Niger and Sudan, from 2019 to 2023.

The effect of dietary supplements on core temperature and sweating responses in hot environmental conditions: a meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Dietary supplements are widely used among individuals exposed to hot environments, but whether their consumption confers any thermoregulatory effect is unclear. Therefore, we systematically evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation on key aspects of thermoregulation (core temperature [T] and sweating responses) in the heat. Three databases were searched in April 2024.

Vitamin D differentiates dopamine neurons in vitro, increasing neurite architecture, dopamine release and expression of relevant synaptic proteins.

Epidemiological studies often link circulatory levels of 25 hydroxy vitamin D with an overwhelming variety of disorders. Of such studies, an increasing number are now linking blood 25 hydroxy vitamin D levels with certain brain disorders. Prominent amongst such disorders are schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease.