Assessing the scientific integrity of the collected work of one author or author-group.

Objective: No published methods for research integrity review include both statistical techniques applied to groups of randomised trials and individual assessment of papers. We propose a method based on practical experience of investigating data integrity across the collected papers of one author or author-group.

Study Design And Setting: We report our approach to investigating the collected papers of an author or author-group suspected of academic misconduct.

What happened next? A survey of review clients evaluating impacts of rapid reviews.

Introduction: End-user evaluation of the impact of evidence syntheses is critical to demonstrating value. This study presents results of a survey evaluating the impact of rapid reviews undertaken by two teams based in Melbourne, Australia and Hamilton, Canada.

Methods: Clients were invited to participate in a short, written survey following delivery of a rapid review.

'I've heard of it but had nothing… not much to do with it': The experience of older people and their families with the Resident of the Day (ROD) process in Victorian aged care facilities.

Objectives: To explore the experiences of older people living in Australian residential aged care facilities (RACFs) and families of older people living in RACFs, regarding the process of Resident of the Day (ROD; sometimes referred to as a resident review) and their knowledge of how these assessments inform care planning.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were used to engage residents and families in conversations about their experiences and knowledge of the assessment associated with ROD and subsequent care planning. A reflexive thematic analysis was used to generate findings.

Support groups for family members of older adults in residential aged care: A pilot feasibility study.

Objectives: There are limited mental health support services in Australia that address the well-being of family members of aged care residents. The aim of this project was to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effectiveness of an online program designed to support residents' families.

Methods: This one-arm mixed methods project examined uptake, attendance and retention patterns, satisfaction and experience with the service, and pre- and postoutcomes with respect to depressive and anxiety symptoms and loneliness.

Endometriosis and risk of depression among oral contraceptive users: a pooled analysis of cohort studies from 13 countries.

Study Question: Does endometriosis affect the mental health of women using oral contraceptives?

Summary Answer: Among oral contraceptive users, women with endometriosis have a higher risk of depression compared to those without endometriosis, although the absolute risk increase is small.

What Is Known Already: Previous studies have suggested a potential link between endometriosis and mental health issues, but the impact of endometriosis on depression among oral contraceptive users remains unclear.

Study Design, Size, Duration: A secondary pooled cohort study utilizing data from two longitudinal patient-centric studies (INAS-VIPOS and PRO-E2) was conducted across 11 European countries, Colombia and Australia.

Characteristics, care and support needs of older Victorians requiring a government-funded Home Care Package: An observational study.

Objectives: To describe sociodemographic characteristics and comprehensive day-to-day care and support needs of older Victorians requiring government-funded home-based aged-care, and to explore associations between vulnerability factors and complexity indicators in this population.

Methods: A population-based observational study was conducted using de-identified, routinely collected aged-care assessment data for Victorians approved for a Home Care Package (HCP) between January 2019 and June 2022.

Results: The study population (n = 94,975 individuals), approved for one of four HCP levels (Levels 1 (5%), 2 (38%), 3 (34%) or 4 (24%)), was aged 82 years on average (SD 7.

Factors influencing scrotal temperature in the bull during simulated heat treatments and thermoneutral conditions as determined by multimodel inferencing.

The creation of any model is complex requiring vast amounts of data, typically gathered over a series of experiments. Specifically the temperature humidity index (THI) and heat load index (HLI) are used as management tools to implement mitigation strategies during hot climatic conditions. Exposure of the testes to hot climatic conditions has a negative impact on spermatogenesis in the bull, and other species.

Improving the bioactivity of cellulose acetate hemodialysis membranes through nanosilver modification.

The effectiveness and safety of hemodialysis can be hindered by protein accumulation, mechanical instability of membranes and bacterial infection during the dialytic therapy. Herein, we show that cellulose acetate membranes modified with the low-fouling polymers (namely polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol), followed by the in situ reduction of different densities of silver oxide(I) nanoparticles, can effectively address these limitations. These improvements comprise the enhanced resistance to the protein fouling, improved antimicrobial capabilities against S.

In silico evaluation of bisphosphonates identifies leading candidates for SARS-CoV-2 RdRp inhibition.

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in 777 million confirmed cases and over 7 million deaths worldwide, with insufficient treatment options. Innumerable efforts are being made around the world for faster identification of therapeutic agents to treat the deadly disease. Post Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 (PASC), also called Long COVID, is still being understood and lacks treatment options as well.

Progression from outpatient referral to spinal surgery in an Australian cohort with degenerative spinal disease.

Background: Degenerative spine disease (DSD) encompasses a range of conditions with increasing prevalence and a significant burden of disease. Patients with DSD are often referred to a neurosurgery clinic with lengthy waiting times from referral to consultation. The reported proportion of referred patients who undergo spinal surgery varies from 20.

Asian Thoracic Oncology Research Group expert consensus statement on the peri-operative management of non-small cell lung cancer.

The peri-operative management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in earlier stage disease has seen significant advances in recent years with the incorporation of immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy. However, many unanswered questions and challenges remain, including the application of clinical trial data to routine clinical practice. Recognising the unique demographic profile of Asian patients with NSCLC and heterogeneous healthcare systems, the Asian Thoracic Oncology Research Group (ATORG) convened a consensus meeting in Singapore on 26 April 2024 to discuss relevant issues spanning diagnostic testing to post-neoadjuvant treatment considerations and future directions.

Genetic variants in COMT and ESR1 genes shape treatment response to raloxifene in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.

Background/objective: Raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), may improve symptoms and cognition in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). Studies have shown inconsistent efficacy, especially in men with SSD. We assessed whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on genes involved in the pharmacodynamics (ESR1 and COMT) and pharmacokinetics (UGT1A8) of raloxifene can explain the heterogeneous treatment response to raloxifene augmentation in patients with SSD.

Reliability of running gait variability measures calculated from inertial measurement units.

Changes to the variability within biomechanical signals may reflect a change in the health of the human system. However, for running gait variability measures calculated from wearable device data, it is unknown whether a between-day difference reflects a shift in system dynamics reflective of a change in human health or is a result of poor between-day reliability of the measurement device or the biomechanical signal. This study investigated the reliability of stride time and sacral acceleration variability measures calculated from inertial measurement units (IMUs).

Carbohydrate-based co-encapsulation of spice oleoresin blends: Impact on flavor release profiles, storage stability, and sensory acceptance.

The study highlights the impact of different carbohydrate-based wall materials on the encapsulation and release of flavors and physicochemical characteristics of spray-dried oleoresin blends. The inlet temperature and the wall material type significantly affected the spray drying yield, and Hi-Cap 100, at 150 °C, produced the highest yield. All the wall materials had high water solubility, and Hi-Cap 100 reported the best wettability.

The relationship between patient-reported and clinician-assessed outcome measures in Inclusion body myositis - insights from a retrospective cohort study.

Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is an inflammatory myopathy, characterised by slow progression of weakness, skeletal muscle atrophy, and heterogeneous clinical presentation. This variability in disease progression and presentation complicates tracking of clinical progress and intervention response in clinical trials, presenting challenges in identifying reliable outcome measures. We aimed to identify the most useful suite of clinician-assessed and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for use in clinical practice and trials from a selection of the most commonly used outcome measures in IBM.

Marriage and postpartum major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Many studies have explored the relationships between demographic variables and postpartum major depressive disorder. However, there is no clear conclusion on the impact of different marital statuses and quality on postpartum major depressive disorder. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the combined effects of different marital status and quality on postpartum major depressive disorder with cohort studies.

Age of onset of cannabis use and substance use problems: A systematic review of prospective studies.

Background: The association between the age of cannabis use (CU) onset and substance use (SU) problems has been extensively studied, yet findings remain inconsistent.

Aims: This systematic review aimed to examine prospective studies on the association between age of CU onset and later SU problems, controlling for key individual, social, and SU-related risk factors.

Methods: PsycINFO, Web of Science and PubMed were searched for studies published between January 2000 and December 2024.

Sub-lethal pesticide exposure interferes with honey bee memory of learnt colours.

Neonicotinoid pesticide use has increased around the world despite accumulating evidence of their potential detrimental sub-lethal effects on the behaviour and physiology of bees, and its contribution to the global decline in bee health. Whilst flower colour is considered as one of the most important signals for foraging honey bees (Apis mellifera), the effects of pesticides on colour vision and memory retention in a natural setting remain unknown. We trained free flying honey bee foragers by presenting artificial yellow flower feeder, to an unscented artificial flower patch with 6 different flower colours to investigate if sub-lethal levels of imidacloprid would disrupt the acquired association made between the yellow flower colour from the feeder and food reward.

Interfacial oxygen bridges engineering between NbO and graphene towards advanced sodium ion capacitors.

NbO has become a focus of research for its suitability as an anode material in sodium ion capacitors (SICs), due to its open ionic channels. The integration of NbO with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is known to boost its electrical conductivity. However, the sluggish interfacial charge transfer kinetics and interface collapse of NbO/rGO pose challenges to its rate capability and durability.

Antenatal betamethasone augments lung perfusion but lowers upper body blood flow and O delivery with delayed cord clamping at birth in preterm lambs.

Although the corticosteroid betamethasone is routinely administered to accelerate lung and cardiovascular maturation in the preterm fetus prior to birth, and use of delayed cord clamping (DCC) is recommended at birth by professional bodies, it is unknown whether antenatal betamethasone alters perinatal pulmonary or systemic arterial blood flow accompaniments of DCC. To address this issue, preterm fetal lambs [gestation 127 (1) days, term = 147 days] with (n = 10) or without (n = 10) antenatal betamethasone treatment were acutely instrumented under general anaesthesia with flow probes to obtain left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) outputs, major central arterial blood flows and shunt flow across both the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale (FO). After delivery, lambs underwent initial ventilation for 2 min prior to DCC.

A conserved switch to less catalytically active Polycomb repressive complexes in non-dividing cells.

Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), composed of the core subunits EED, SUZ12, and either EZH1 or EZH2, is critical for maintaining cellular identity in multicellular organisms. PRC2 deposits H3K27me3, which is thought to recruit the canonical form of PRC1 (cPRC1) to promote gene repression. Here, we show that EZH1-PRC2 and cPRC1 are the primary Polycomb complexes on target genes in non-dividing, quiescent cells.

Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes' Clinical Outcomes and Satisfaction Related to the Use of Videoconferencing for Type 1 Diabetes Healthcare: A Narrative Review.

Introduction: Young adulthood is well documented as being a particularly challenging area of type 1 diabetes (T1D) healthcare. Many young adults with T1D (YAT1D) are distracted from effective disease self-management; T1D healthcare service engagement can be problematic and inconsistent, and high rates of unplanned healthcare contacts prevail. Video conferencing use can facilitate services to be flexible and responsive.

Sex Differences in Melanoma Survival-a GEM study.

Sex differences in melanoma are prominent, with females having a significant survival advantage. However, it is unclear why we see this survival advantage. Here we investigate the relationship between sex, clinicopathologic variables, and melanoma specific survival in 1,753 single primary melanomas from patients in the GEM study.

Impacts of Housing Costs on Health and Satisfaction With Life Circumstances: Evidence From Australia.

This paper examines the causal impacts of rising housing costs on individual health and satisfaction with life circumstances, using a fixed-effects instrumental variable approach and individual-level panel data from Australia. Relying on the historical patterns of immigrant settlement, we construct an instrumental variable that exploits exogenous variation in housing costs driven by foreign investments that flow differentially into localities. We find that rising housing costs-as measured by composite housing costs faced by homeowners and renters living in an area-have a significant positive impact on individuals' self-assessed physical health and a significant negative impact on satisfaction ratings, but no significant impact on self-assessed emotional health.