Country-specific key lifestyle factors and health outcomes for resource allocation in the general population: a network analysis across 29 countries.

Background: We aimed to identify the central lifestyle, the most impactful among lifestyle factor clusters; the central health outcome, the most impactful among health outcome clusters; and the bridge lifestyle, the most strongly connected to health outcome clusters, across 29 countries to optimise resource allocation for local holistic health improvements.

Methods: From July 2020 to August 2021, we surveyed 16 461 adults across 29 countries who self-reported changes in 18 lifestyle factors and 13 health outcomes due to the pandemic. Three networks were generated by network analysis for each country: lifestyle, health outcome, and bridge networks.

Primary care functional features and their health impact on patients enrolled in the Shanghai family doctor service: a mixed-methods study.

Background: While research in multiple countries confirms that primary care functional features significantly improve patient health, China's primary care system differs markedly due to unique structural and contextual factors. This study aims to measure and explore the functional features experienced by patients received family doctor contract service in the past year, evaluating the impacts and pathways of these primary care features on health outcomes.

Methods: We employed a mixed-methods explanatory sequential design.

Classifying Impact Loading Using Axial Peak Tibial Acceleration and Impact-Related Biomechanical Differences During Treadmill Running.

Measuring lower extremity impact acceleration is a common strategy to identify runners with increased injury risk. However, existing axial peak tibial acceleration (PTA) thresholds for determining high-impact runners typically rely on small samples or fixed running speeds. This study aimed to describe the distribution of axial PTA among runners at their preferred running speed, determine an appropriate adjustment for investigating impact magnitude at different speeds, and compare biomechanics between runners classified by impact magnitude.

The Role of Long-Range Interactions Between High-Entropy Single-Atoms in Catalyzing Sulfur Conversion Reactions.

Sulfur conversion reactions are the foundation of lithium-sulfur batteries but usually possess sluggish kinetics during practical battery operation. Herein, a high-entropy single-atom catalyst (HESAC) is synthesized for this process. In contrast to conventional dual-atom catalysts that form metal-metal bonds, the center metal atoms in HESAC are not bonded but exhibit long-range interactions at a sub-nanometer distance (<9 Å).

Metamorphic Proteins to Achieve Conformationally Selective Material Surface Binding.

The controlled binding of proteins on nanoparticle surfaces remains a grand challenge required for many applications ranging from biomedical to energy storage. The difficulty in achieving this ability arises from the different functional groups of the biomolecule that can adsorb on the nanoparticle surface. While most proteins can only adopt a single structure, metamorphic proteins can access at least two different conformations, which presents intriguing opportunities to exploit such structural variations for binding to nanoparticles.

Australian Naturopaths Approach to the Clinical Management of Patients Presenting with Sleep Disorders.

Naturopathic practitioners consult an estimated 6.2% of Australian adults, equating to 1,550,000 people receiving their care each year. Sleep is now recognized as a key pillar of health; however, nearly half of all Australian adults report inadequate sleep.

Review article: Efficacy of cyproheptadine in the management of serotonin toxicity following deliberate self-poisoning - A systematic review.

Serotonin toxicity is a potentially fatal condition caused by increased serotonergic activity in the central nervous system. Cyproheptadine, a serotonergic antagonist, is recommended for treatment; however, there is a lack of evidence to support its use. The present study aimed to evaluate the evidence for the use of cyproheptadine in the management of serotonin toxicity following deliberate self-poisoning.

The efficacy of toltrazuril for prevention of oriental theileriosis (Theileria orientalis Ikeda genotype) in Friesian calves.

The aim of this non-blinded, randomised, controlled study was to determine the efficacy of toltrazuril for the prevention of oriental theileriosis in calves. Thirty calves were infected with Theileria orientalis Ikeda genotype through the application and retention of infected female bush ticks (Haemaphysalis longicornis). 15 Group 1 calves were treated with a single, oral dose of toltrazuril at the dose registered in Australia for coccidiosis (15 mg/kg), concurrently with tick infection, and 15 Group 2 (control group) calves were untreated.

Prediction accuracy of discrete choice experiments in health-related research: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are increasingly used to inform the design of health products and services. It is essential to understand the extent to which DCEs provide reliable predictions outside of experimental settings in real-world decision-making situations. We aimed to compare the prediction accuracy of stated preferences with real-world choices, as modelled from DCE data.

A Novel Technique for the Topical Application of Botulinum Neurotoxin A to the Nasal Mucosa in Reducing Rhinitis Symptoms.

Introduction: To date, no investigations have been published regarding the concentration, dose, and technique for a mucosal spray application of botulinum toxin A (BTA) to alleviate hypersecretory symptoms of rhinitis in humans. It is a promising option for reducing common symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis (AR) and idiopathic non-AR. It is safer and less painful than intranasal injections, with high reported satisfaction in reducing clinical symptoms.

Perceptions of healthcare workers on implementing the 2022 WHO verbal autopsy instrument in rural India through the existing public health system.

Background: Cause-of-death (CoD) information is crucial for health policy formulation, planning, and program implementation. Verbal Autopsy (VA) is an approach employed for the collection and analysis of CoD estimates at the population level where medical certification of cause of death is low and, secondly, for integrating it with the existing public health system by utilizing the grassroots level workforce.

Objective: The study aims to understand the field perspectives on implementing the 2022 WHO VA instrument in rural India through the existing public health system.

Exploring access to essential medicines in the South Pacific: insights from a multi-country cross-sectional study.

Background: Access to essential medicines is imperative for delivering effective healthcare, yet a significant proportion of the global population continues to face barriers in obtaining them. The South Pacific Region (SPR) faces unique medicine access challenges due to geographic remoteness, economic limitations, and, strained healthcare infrastructure. To gain further insight, this study aimed to assess the availability, pricing, and, affordability of essential medicines stratified by World Bank income group.

Environmental DNA Reveals Habitat Variables Driving Platypus () Distribution Across an Urbanised Landscape.

Freshwater waterways, and species that depend on them, are threatened by urbanisation and the consequences of the urban stream syndrome. In south-east Queensland, Australia, little is known about the impacts of the urban stream syndrome on the platypus (), meaning that populations cannot be adequately managed by conservation practitioners. The aim of this study was to determine how habitat and environmental variables, related to the urban stream syndrome, influenced platypus distribution across this region.

Removal of microcatheter entrapped in the middle cerebral artery in a neonate via common carotid arteriotomy.

A 2-day-old neonate was referred to the vascular surgery service owing to concerns of limb perfusion after entrapment of a microcatheter in the middle cerebral artery. The catheter was inserted via the umbilical artery to treat a vein of Galen arteriovenous malformation. This catheter inadvertently became entrapped owing to device failure, was cut at the insertion site, and left in situ for 3 months.

People with spinal cord injury or stroke are able to reach moderate-to-vigorous intensity while exercising on an end-effector robot assisted gait trainer: A pilot study.

Spinal cord injury and stroke are neurological disorders that lead to aerobic deconditioning and increased likelihood of cardiovascular disease. Sessions of at least 20 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise is recommended but decreased mobility limits engagement in such exercise. The aim of the study was to assess whether individuals can achieve exercise recommendations with the assistance of an end-effector robot assisted gait trainer (E-RAGT).

A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial to Examine the Impact of a Therapy Dog Intervention on Loneliness in Hospitalized Older Adults.

Background And Objectives: Loneliness is linked to significant health threats and is potentially more dangerous than obesity; it affects as many as 29% of noninstitutionalized older adults. Loneliness is exacerbated for those who require inpatient rehabilitation, are displaced from their social networks, spend little time receiving therapy, and are physically inactive and socially isolated. Emerging evidence suggests that companion animals provide a number of health and well-being benefits and that interacting with a trained therapy dog may reduce loneliness.

Factors associated with ABCDEF bundle implementation for critically ill patients: An international cross-sectional survey in 54 countries.

Objectives: This study investigated the implementation of the ABCDEF bundle and the factors associated with its implementation according to national income levels.

Methods: This study is cross-sectional research. We conducted a secondary analysis of an international 1-day point-prevalence study that investigated the implementation of the ABCDEF bundle in critically ill patients.

Follicular fluid and plasma lipidome profiling and associations towards embryonic development outcomes during ART treatment.

Introduction: It is well acknowledged that lipids assume a critical role in oocyte maturation and early embryonic metabolism, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the lipid composition of plasma and follicular fluid (FF), and the consequences of embryonic development. This study compared the lipidomic profiles of paired plasma and FF samples obtained from sixty-five Chinese women who underwent assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments.

Methods: Non-targeted lipidomics analysis.

Factors contributing to persistent shoulder pain after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: Protocol for a scoping review.

Introduction: Rotator cuff (RC) tears are the most common and disabling musculoskeletal ailments among patients with shoulder pain. Although most individuals show improvement in function and pain following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR), a subgroup of patients continue to suffer from persistent shoulder pain following the surgical procedure. Identifying these factors is important in planning preoperative management to improve patient outcomes.

Recent advancements in the therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's disease treatment: current and future perspective.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex, incurable neurological condition characterized by cognitive decline, cholinergic neuron reduction, and neuronal loss. Its exact pathology remains uncertain, but multiple treatment hypotheses have emerged. The current treatments, single or combined, alleviate only symptoms and struggle to manage AD due to its multifaceted pathology.

Detection and characterisation of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (H5N1/H5N8) clade 2.3.4.4b, Hong Kong SAR, China, 2021 to 2024.

We isolated three genotypes of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) clade 2.3.4.

The Proteomic Landscape of the Coronary Accessible Heart Cell Surfaceome.

Cell surface proteins (surfaceome) represent key signalling and interaction molecules for therapeutic targeting, biomarker profiling and cellular phenotyping in physiological and pathological states. Here, we employed coronary artery perfusion with membrane-impermeant biotin to label and capture the surface-accessible proteome in the neo-native (intact) heart. Using quantitative proteomics, we identified 701 heart cell surfaceome accessible by the coronary artery, including receptors, cell surface enzymes, adhesion and junctional molecules.

Carbon Dioxide Upgrading to Biodegradable Plastics through Photo/Electro-Synthetic Biohybrid Systems.

The escalating emissions of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO) and the pervasive issue of nondegradable plastic pollution underscore dual urgent challenges in pursuit of a sustainable society. Achieving such sustainability in the plastic industry, while effectively addressing these environmental concerns, necessitates the development and implementation of innovative strategies for the synthesis of biodegradable polymers utilizing CO as feedstocks. The technologies not only facilitate the mitigation of elevated atmospheric CO concentrations but also introduce a renewable carbon resource for polymer manufacturing.