Spectral CT radiomics features of the tumor and perigastric adipose tissue can predict lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer.

Objectives: To develop a nomogram based on the radiomics features of tumour and perigastric adipose tissue adjacent to the tumor in dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography (DLCT) for lymph node metastasis (LNM) prediction in gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 175 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. They were divided into training cohort (n = 125) and validation cohort (n = 50).

Pharmacological, computational, and mechanistic insights into triptolide's role in targeting drug-resistant cancers.

As a promising candidate for tackling drug-resistant cancers, triptolide, a diterpenoid derived from the Chinese medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii, has been developed. This review summarizes potential antitumor activities, including the suppression of RNA polymerase II, the suppression of heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90), and the blockade of NF-kB signalling. Triptolide is the first known compound to target cancer cells specifically but spare normal cells, and it has success in treating cancers that are difficult to treat, including pancreatic, breast, and lung cancers.

What Kills Mature Street and Park Trees in Cities? Systematic Quantitative Review of Published Case Studies.

Street and park trees often endure harsher conditions, including increased temperatures and drier soil and air, than those found in urban or natural forests. These conditions can lead to shorter lifespans and a greater vulnerability to dieback. This literature review aimed to identify confirmed causes of street and park tree dieback in urban areas from around the world.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces sclerostin secretion by extracellular vesicle via TLR4/miR-92a-3p/PTEN/NF-κB signalling pathway in murine macrophage.

Background: Sclerostin (SOST) is traditionally regarded as an osteocyte-derived secreted glycoprotein that regulates bone mineralization. Recent studies reported that SOST is also released from non-skeletal sources, especially during inflammation. However, the cellular source and regulatory mechanisms governing SOST generation in inflammation remain unclear.

The Impact of Sleep on Cognitive Function in Youth Athletes.

Objectives: This study sought to characterize the sleep of youth athletes and investigate relationships between sleep measures and cognitive function.

Method: Youth netball athletes ( = 19, age; 16.58 ± 1.

Minimal extra-cardiac atherosclerosis present in young people with sudden cardiac death due to coronary artery disease.

Aim: To define the association between severe coronary artery disease and widespread atherosclerosis in younger individuals.

Methods: Individuals aged 1-50 years with sudden cardiac death (SCD) from 2019-23, autopsy-proven to be due to coronary artery disease, were identified using the state-wide EndUCD registry. Presence of extra-coronary atherosclerosis greater than modified American Heart Association class III was assessed in 5 arterial beds (intra-cerebral vessels, aorta, carotid, renal and femoral arteries).

Opportunities to Digitally Enable Falls Prevention in Older Adults.

Falls are a serious problem confronting older adults. Evidence demonstrates that multifactorial interventions that target multiple risk factors can reduce falls. However, resource and access constraints impact intervention uptake and sustainability.

Distribution of informal caregiving for older adults living with or at risk of cognitive decline within and beyond family in rural South Africa.

Objectives: Aging populations will increasingly need care, much of this provided informally particularly in rural areas and in low and middle-income countries. In rural South Africa, formal support is severely limited, and adult children are frequently unavailable due to morbidity, early mortality, employment and migration. We describe how care is shared within and between households.

Each hour injures, the last one kills.

The haemorrhage of psychiatrists from the NSW state-funded mental health system parallels losses throughout Australia, and internationally. The lack of workforce cripples the capacity to provide adequate care. There has been persistently neglectful under-resourcing of the care of people with severe mental illness.

Cellular immune response against rabies vaccination in laboratory-bred dogs: A systematised review.

The immunogenicity of rabies vaccines is commonly measured by serological testing, which includes measuring rabies virus-neutralising antibody titre levels in the serum. Apart from humoral immunity, cellular immunity measurements are also helpful in assessing the immunogenicity and efficacy of rabies vaccinations. Recently, there has been an increased emphasis on cellular immunity measurements against rabies in humans and animals.

Effectiveness of blood flow restriction training during a taper phase in basketball players.

This study investigates the effectiveness of blood flow restriction (BFR) training in maintaining athletic performance during a taper phase in basketball players. The taper phase aims to reduce external load while maintaining training intensity. Seventeen experienced basketball players were randomised into two groups: a placebo group ( = 8, 22.

Mechanism evaluation of a digitally enabled rehabilitation intervention for people in aged care and neurological rehabilitation: mediation analysis of the AMOUNT trial.

Purpose: To investigate potential mechanisms of a digital rehabilitation intervention associated with improved mobility among adults undertaking rehabilitation.

Materials And Methods: Causal mediation analysis of the AMOUNT trial (ACTRN12614000936628). Participants were randomised to digitally-enabled rehabilitation (virtual reality video games, activity monitors, and handheld computer devices prescribed by a physiotherapist) and usual care or usual care alone.

The Effects of Exergaming on the Depressive Symptoms of People With Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Depressive symptoms are common among people with dementia (PWD). Exergaming consisting of combined cognitive and physical training in gaming is increasingly used to alleviate their depressive symptoms in research. With its potential synergistic neurobiological and psychosocial effects on reducing depressive symptoms among PWD, this review aimed to understand its effectiveness and contents.

Patient Performance of Care Tasks During Acute Hospitalisation: A Scoping Review.

Background: Patient self-care is established as improving outcomes, yet acute care in hospitals is provided such that patients tend to be passive recipients of care. Little is known about the extent and type of patient participation in treatment care tasks in acute hospital settings.

Aims: To map and synthesise available literature on self-performance of care tasks in acute hospital settings.

A Comparison of Wound Related Complications Between Intramedullary and Lateral Plate Osteosynthesis After Fibula Osteotomy in the Lateral Approach Total Ankle Replacement.

Background: Total ankle replacement (TAR) has evolved in the last decade from a procedure rife with complication and failure to a promising alternative to arthrodesis. The ability to maintain ankle joint range of motion is showing great promise in patient-reported outcomes, postsurgical pain, as well as long-term sequalae of joint fusion. Although TAR can be performed via either an anterior or lateral approach both with their own sets of benefits and potential complications, the consensus seems to be that one is no better than the other when performed by high-volume surgeons.

Involving people with lived experience when setting cerebral palsy research priorities: A scoping review.

Aim: To describe research priority-setting activities for cerebral palsy (CP) that have been conducted worldwide involving people with lived experience, focusing on participant characteristics, methods employed, identified research priorities, and collaboration as research partners.

Method: The JBI scoping review approach was followed. Six electronic databases and grey literature were searched for all publications up to February 2024.

The experiences of speech-language pathologists when collaborating with spoken language interpreters, multilingual families, and their children with hearing loss.

Purpose: The parents of children who are deaf or hard-of-hearing may require a spoken language interpreter to access early-intervention services. This research sought to describe speech-language pathologists' perspectives regarding collaboration with interpreters in this space.

Method: Twenty-seven speech-language pathologists working in Australia completed a cross-sectional mixed-method online survey.

A Survey of Wild Indigenous Orchid Populations in Western Australia Reveals Spillover of Exotic Viruses.

is a terrestrial orchid endemic to southwestern Australia. The virus status of has not been studied. Eighty-three samples from 16 populations were collected, and sequencing was used to identify RNA viruses from them.

Recent Advances in Our Understanding of Human Inflammatory Dendritic Cells in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.

Anogenital inflammation is a critical risk factor for HIV acquisition. The primary preventative HIV intervention, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), is ineffective in blocking transmission in anogenital inflammation. Pre-existing sexually transmitted diseases (STIs) and anogenital microbiota dysbiosis are the leading causes of inflammation, where inflammation is extensive and often asymptomatic and undiagnosed.

Unveiling the Molecular Architecture of HBV Spherical Subviral Particles: Structure, Symmetry, and Lipid Dynamics.

Since the discovery of the Australia antigen, now known as the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), significant research has been conducted to elucidate its physical, chemical, structural, and functional properties. Subviral particles (SVPs) containing HBsAg are highly immunogenic, non-infectious entities that have not only revolutionized vaccine development but also provided critical insights into HBV immune evasion and viral assembly. Recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) have uncovered the heterogeneity and dynamic nature of spherical HBV SVPs, emphasizing the essential role of lipid-protein interactions in maintaining particle stability.

The Global Burden of Emerging and Re-Emerging Orbiviruses in Livestock: An Emphasis on Bluetongue Virus and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus.

Bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) are vector-borne orbiviruses that pose an emerging threat to livestock, including cattle and sheep. This review summarizes the global distribution, genetic diversity, and key factors driving their spread along with the existing knowledge gaps and recommendations to mitigate their impact. Both viruses cause hemorrhagic disease in susceptible ruminants and are commonly reported in tropical and subtropical regions including North America, Asia, Africa, Oceania, and some parts of Europe.

Correction: Zandberg et al. The Global Assessment of Oilseed Brassica Crop Species Yield, Yield Stability and the Underlying Genetics. 2022, , 2740.

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The Physicochemical and Rheological Properties of Green Banana Flour-Wheat Flour Bread Substitutions.

Functional foods are currently receiving increasing popularity in diet modification. Green bananas contain far more dietary fiber (DF) and resistant starch (RS) than mature bananas. The potential for integrating these vital components into food, such as bread, has expanded.

Natural Enemies Acquire More Prey Aphids from Hormone-Treated Insect-Attracting Plants.

Exogenous plant hormones regulate the agronomic and physiological performance of plants and thus can influence the abundance of insect groups. We surveyed the arthropods on flowering plants and found that the abundance of natural enemies and in the plots treated with salicylic acid (SA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) was significantly increased compared with those in the clean water (control) plots. Then, we investigated the effects of spraying SA, IAA, and clean water on the population parameters of reared on Our results from the age-stage, two-sex life table analysis revealed a significantly shorter pre-adult duration for aphids reared on SA-treated compared to those reared on the other two treatments.

Maternal and Infant Characteristics and Pumping Profiles of Women That Predominantly Pump Milk for Their Infants.

Background: Whilst it is inconvenient and time-intensive, predominantly (PP) and exclusively pumping (EP) mothers rely on breast expression to provide milk for their infants and to ensure continued milk supply, yet these populations are poorly understood.

Methods: We assessed and characterised Western Australian PP mothers ( = 93) regarding 24 h milk production (MP) and infant milk intake and demographics, perinatal complications and breastfeeding difficulties, the frequencies of which were compared with published general population frequencies. Pumping efficacy and milk flow parameters during a pumping session in PP mothers ( = 32) were compared with those that pump occasionally (reference group, = 60).