The use of nitrogen isotopic fractionation as a biomarker for feed conversion efficiency in pigs using blood and hair samples.

This study aimed to 1) Establish relationships between feed conversion efficiency (FCE; live weight gain/intake) and several biomarkers in pigs using blood and hair samples, and 2) Investigate the relative FCE performance of pigs from maternal vs. terminal genetic lines fed high vs. low energy diets.

The impact of anthropogenic activities on antimicrobial and heavy metal resistance in aquatic environments.

Unlabelled: This study investigated the prevalence and co-occurrence of antimicrobial (AMR) and metal resistance (MR) in aquatic environments with different human impacts. Metagenomes from pristine, rural and urban sites in Australia were analyzed with AMR ++ and customized binning pipelines. AMR was present in all environments, while MR was mainly in rural and urban samples.

Sexual Violence and Assault in Rural Australia: A Scoping Review of Regional, Rural, and Remote Contexts.

Sexual violence (SV) is an insidious social phenomenon that results in physical, emotional, and psychological trauma. The aim of this article is to review the research pertaining to SV in regional, rural, and remote Australia. A systematic scoping review was undertaken using the Arksey and O'Malley five-step framework.

Robust Assessments of Lithium Mining Impacts Embodied in Global Supply Chain Require Spatially Explicit Analyses.

Lithium is a critical material for the energy transition, but its mining causes significant environmental impacts that will intensify due to surging global demand. Here, we conduct a mining site-specific environmental impact assessment of lithium on a global scale, focusing on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, water use, and land use. We then track the production and international trade flows of all lithium-containing commodities to assess how lithium mining impacts are distributed across global supply chains.

Exploring the Characteristics and Utilization of General Practice Healthcare by Adults With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review.

Background: Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) experience acute and chronic health issues requiring lifespan primary care. This review aimed to investigate characteristics and utilization of general practitioner (GP) access by adults with CP. Secondary aims included exploring reasons prompting access, identifying interventions provided, and personal features affecting access.

3D reconstruction of resected retroperitoneal sarcoma tumour bed and ex vivo specimen.

Purpose: Retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS) present a surgical challenge due to their complex anatomical relationships to organs and vascular structures. In this limited case series, we reconstructed the tumour beds of four cases of RPS and their ex vivo specimens.

Methods: Four patients underwent surgical resection of their retroperitoneal sarcoma at our centre in 2023-2024.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms after sleeve gastrectomy with anterior hemifundoplication: a pilot study.

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a significant problem after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG). This study aimed to assess the long-term effect of SG with an anterior fundoplication on GORD symptoms.

Methods: A single-centre cohort study of all patients who underwent SG with anterior hemifundoplication (SGAF), with a 2:1 SG only comparison group.

Safety and efficacy of a surgical ambulatory care pathway for superficial abscesses.

Background: Superficial abscess of the skin is a common emergency presentation often requiring surgical management. Ambulatory Care Pathways (ACPs) are a method that can reduce the burden of this disease on hospital bed pressure by treating patients with superficial abscesses as day cases. We conducted a prospective cohort study to assess the safety and effectiveness of an ACP for patients meeting strict criteria with a superficial abscess.

Tryptophan Metabolic Enzyme IL4I1 Inhibits Ferroptosis by Decreasing Ubiquitination of Nrf2 via I3P in Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the deadliest brain tumour with an extremely poor prognosis. Tryptophan catabolism could enhance an array of protumour-genic signals and promoted tumour progression in GBM. However, the mechanisms of oncogenic signalling under tryptophan catabolism and potential therapy targeting this pathway have not been completely understood.

Age and Latent Cytomegalovirus Infection Do Not Affect the Magnitude of De Novo SARS-CoV-2-Specific CD8 T Cell Responses.

Immunosenescence, age-related immune dysregulation, reduces immunity upon vaccinations and infections. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection results in declining naïve (T) and increasing terminally differentiated (T) T cell populations, further aggravating immune aging. Both immunosenescence and CMV have been speculated to hamper the formation of protective T-cell immunity against novel or emerging pathogens.

Differences in Phage Recognition and Immunogenicity Contribute to Divergent Human Immune Responses to Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Phages.

Bacteriophages (phages) are emerging as a viable adjunct to antibiotics for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. While intravenous phage therapy has proven successful in many cases, clinical outcomes remain uncertain due to a limited understanding of host response to phages. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive examination of the interaction between clinical-grade phages used to treat MDR Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae infections, and human peripheral blood immune cells.

Suboptimal care and inappropriate opioid use in chronic pain: A critical analysis of two case studies and healthcare expenditure burden.

Introduction: Chronic pain is a leading cause of chronic disease in Australia, with a 2020 report indicating that one in five Australians aged over 45 experience chronic pain. The high prevalence of chronic pain accounts for significant healthcare utilization and associated costs, with the economic impact of chronic pain estimated to be AUD$139 billion in 2018.

Case Presentations: This paper uses two exemplar cases to demonstrate inadequacies within the current systems supporting those with chronic pain and the associated impacts these inadequacies have on patient outcomes and healthcare costs.

Comparative effectiveness of various nonpharmacological interventions, including traditional Chinese medicine-based interventions for cancer-related cognitive impairment: a comprehensive network meta-analysis.

Background: Cancer-related cognitive impairment is a common complication of cancer and its treatment. The effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)-based interventions in improving subjective and objective cognitive function has not yet been investigated in previous network meta-analyses. This study aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions including TCM-based interventions, and to rank the best option for improving cognitive function among adults with non-central nervous system cancer.

Does Leak Matter? A Novel Dynamic Leak Model to Simulate Leak for Performance Testing of Manual Neonatal Resuscitation Devices. A Bench Study.

Introduction: Newborn resuscitation is commonly performed in the presence of face mask leak. Leak is highly variable, pressure-dependent and often unrecognized. The effectiveness of resuscitation devices to deliver adequate inflations in the presence of leak is unknown.

Gold Nanostar-Decorated Electrospun Nanofibers Enable On-Demand Drug Delivery.

This study explores the development of a photo-responsive bicomponent electrospun platform and its drug delivery capabilities. This platform is composed of two polymers of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV). Then, the platform is decorated with plasmonic gold nanostars (Au NSs) that are capable of on-demand drug release.

Novel associations among insect herbivores and trees: Patterns of occurrence and damage on pines and eucalypts.

Globalization has led to a significant increase in the establishment of forest plantations with exotic species and to the accidental introduction of forest insects worldwide. Cumulatively, these factors contribute to the increased occurrence of novel associations between phytophagous insects and trees, leading to new interactions between species that have not historically co-occurred. Here, we reviewed the patterns of novel associations between herbivorous insects and pines and eucalypts at a global scale and identified factors that could favor the occurrence of novel associations and their impacts on forestry.

Being an Insider Nurse Researcher: Navigating the Challenges and Benefits to Ensure Rigour.

Aim: To provide insights into the challenges and benefits of being an insider nurse researcher in case study research. To describe strategies used to maintain rigour and trustworthiness when conducting insider research.

Design: Case study with insider research methodology was used to evaluate a nurse-led supportive care model for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and their caregivers.

Meaningful Psychedelic Experiences Predict Increased Moral Expansiveness.

There has been growing interest in understanding the psychological effects of psychedelic experiences, including their potential to catalyze significant shifts in moral cognition. This retrospective study examines how meaningful psychedelic experiences are related to changes in moral expansiveness and investigates the role of acute subjective effects as predictors of these changes. We found that meaningful psychedelic experiences were associated with self-reported increases in moral expansiveness.

Perovskite Type ABO Oxides in Photocatalysis, Electrocatalysis, and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: State of the Art and Future Prospects.

Since photocatalytic and electrocatalytic technologies are crucial for tackling the energy and environmental challenges, significant efforts have been put into exploring advanced catalysts. Among them, perovskite type ABO oxides show great promising catalytic activities because of their flexible physical and chemical properties. In this review, the fundamentals and recent progress in the synthesis of perovskite type ABO oxides are considered.

Characterising symptomatic substates in individuals on the psychosis continuum: a hidden Markov modelling approach.

Background: To improve early intervention and personalise treatment for individuals early on the psychosis continuum, a greater understanding of symptom dynamics is required. We address this by identifying and evaluating the movement between empirically derived attenuated psychotic symptomatic substates-clusters of symptoms that occur within individuals over time.

Methods: Data came from a 90-day daily diary study evaluating attenuated psychotic and affective symptoms.

Developing the Workplace Learning Social System: considerations for genomics implementation and workforce preparedness.

Innovations, such as genomics, are expected to transform the practice of the healthcare workforce. Workplace learning is an established and fundamental component of healthcare workforce training. We propose that it can be leveraged to facilitate workforce preparedness to adopt innovations relevant to practice.

Atomic intercalation - an approach to enhance photogenerated carrier dynamics for efficient photocatalysis carbon dioxide reduction.

Visible-light-driven CO2 reduction presents a long-term answer to environmental challenges. The limited effective optical carriers generated by the limited response dynamics of the existing photocatalyst have severely hindered the development of high efficiency photocatalysts. Here, we report a method of cobalt atoms intercalation in ultrathin BiOBr nanosheets for boosted photocatalytic CO2 reduction.

Medial opening wedge valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy for femoral neck nonunion: a femoral anatomy-preserving surgical approach.

Background: Valgus osteotomy is a femoral head-preserving surgery to treat femoral neck non-union in young, active patients. The traditional approach, however, causes medialisation of the femoral shaft during valgus correction, which alters femoral anatomy and complicates conversion to total hip arthroplasty if head osteosynthesis fails. This study aims to outline a novel surgical technique, medial opening wedge valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy (VITO), and evaluate its clinical and radiographic outcomes, focusing on restoring hip biomechanics and improving union rates.

Imaging findings in polymyalgia rheumatica.

Modern imaging including ultrasound, MRI and PET have all played a pivotal role in characterizing the distinctive musculotendinous pathology that is now recognized to define PMR. Each of these modalities offers inherent advantages and disadvantages relative to availability, cost and radiation exposure, although MRI and hybrid PET/CT are particularly capable of detecting highly sensitive and specific findings, and thus should be considered reliable tools for PMR diagnosis in everyday clinical practice. By contrast, the utility of imaging for monitoring disease activity and predicting long-term clinical outcomes represents areas of ongoing research interest.

Gap-free genome assemblies of two Pyrus bretschneideri cultivars and GWAS analyses identify a CCCH zinc finger protein as a key regulator of stone cell formation in pear fruit.

The Chinese white pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) is an economically significant fruit crop worldwide. Previous versions of the P. bretschneideri genome assembly contain numerous gaps and unanchored genetic regions.