Combined effects of Time-Restricted eating and exercise on short-term blood glucose management in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: The TREx study, a randomised controlled trial.

Aims: Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a chrono-nutrition strategy where the daily 'eating window' is reduced to 8-10 h. We investigated the acute (14-h) effects of TRE, with and without post-meal exercise, on blood glucose and insulin concentrations in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Fourteen participants (5F, 9 M; HbA: 7.

Comparative analysis of physicochemical properties and functionalities of artificial oil bodies stabilized by different seed oil body proteins.

In this study, ‌perilla seed oil body protein (PO), hempseed oil body protein (HO), and cucumber seed oil body protein (CO) were utilized to prepare artificial oil bodies (AOBs), and the impact of protein type on their physicochemical properties was investigated.‌ ‌Compared to HO and CO, PO exhibited a lower zeta potential value of -48.27 mV, a higher surface hydrophobicity of 21,122.

Reduction in Locomotor Activity and Freezing Time: A Dual Measure for More Accurate Fear Response in Rats.

Fear conditioning serves as a cornerstone behavioural test for modelling disorders, such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and clinical anxiety, and for evaluating memory. The traditional measure of fear response, namely freezing time, might not encompass all expressions of fear behaviours, leading to potential exclusion of animals demonstrating 'resilient' responses. In this study, we sought to assess the combined utility of reduced locomotor activity and freezing time as a dual-measure for a more accurate evaluation of the fear response in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Beyond the Gut: Unraveling the Multifaceted Influence of Microbiome on Cardiovascular Health.

Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Even while receiving adequate pharmacological treatment for their hypertension, people are nonetheless at greater risk for cardiovascular disease. There is growing evidence that the gut microbiota may have major positive and negative effects on blood pressure and illnesses related with it as more study into this topic is conducted.

Parental fracture history is associated with offspring early-life fracture risk: The Geelong Osteoporosis Study.

Aims: Fractures during childhood and adolescence are common as peak bone mass has not yet been accrued. Previous studies have reported that offspring are at higher risk of a fragility fracture if one or both parents have experienced a fracture, however, it is not known if this association holds true for fractures experienced in early life, and if so, whether there are differential risk profiles across the sexes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the associations between maternal and paternal fracture history and offspring fracture risk in early life.

Pollen-like mesoporous silica nanoparticles facilitate macrophage-mediated anti-inflammatory response via physical contact cues in the osteoimmune microenvironment.

Nanomaterial-mediated macrophage immune response plays a crucial role in bone regeneration microenvironment. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles are widely used as nano-drug carriers, imaging agents, and bioactivity regulators for potential tissue regeneration. It is known that surface topography features of nanomaterials play an important regulatory role in immune response.

Global and regional causes of maternal deaths 2009-20: a WHO systematic analysis.

Background: Maternal mortality is not on track to meet Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 3.1 of a global maternal mortality ratio below 70 per 100 000 livebirths by 2030. Updated evidence on causes of death is needed to accelerate progress.

Artificial intelligence and gender equity: An integrated approach for health professional education.

Introduction: As artificial intelligence (AI) increasingly integrates into health workplaces, evidence suggests AI can exacerbate gender inequity. Health professional programmes have a role to play in ensuring graduates grasp the challenges facing working in an AI-mediated world.

Approach: Drawing from feminist scholars and empirical evidence, this conceptual paper synthesises current and future ways in which AI compounds gender inequities and, in response, proposes foci for an integrated approach to teaching about AI and equity.

Alcohol consumption trajectories over the life course and all-cause and disease-specific mortality: the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study.

Background: Published studies rarely assess associations between trajectories of drinking and mortality.

Methods: We aimed to assess associations between long-term sex-specific drinking trajectories and all-cause and disease-specific mortality for 39 588 participants (23 527 women; 16 061 men) enrolled in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study in 1990-94 aged 40-69 years. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for all-cause, cardiovascular disease- and cancer-specific mortality in relation to group-based alcohol intake trajectories.

Robust biogas upgrading process via homoacetogens against ammonia and sulfide toxicities.

Using hydrogen derived from surplus green energy (e.g., solar and wind) to convert carbon dioxide to acetate via homoacetogens represents a promising technology for simultaneous biogas upgrading and biochemical production.

Addressing underestimation and explanation of retinal fundus photo-based cardiovascular disease risk score: Algorithm development and validation.

Objective: To resolve the underestimation problem and investigate the mechanism of the AI model which employed to predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk scores from retinal fundus photos.

Methods: An ordinal regression Deep Learning (DL) model was proposed to predict 10-year CVD risk scores. The mechanism of the DL model in understanding CVD risk was explored using methods such as transfer learning and saliency maps.

Evaluating nebulisation and nasal irrigation efficiency in post-operative chronic rhinosinusitis patients through computational fluid dynamics simulation.

Background And Objective: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a prevalent inflammatory condition that substantially affects patients' quality of life. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is commonly performed in cases where medical therapy fails. Effective post-operative drug delivery is crucial for improving outcomes.

Feasibility of source-level motor imagery classification for people with multiple sclerosis.

There is limited work investigating Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology in people with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS), a neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system. Present work is limited to recordings at the scalp, which may be significantly altered by changes within the cortex due to volume conduction. The recordings obtained from the sensors, therefore, combine disease-related alterations and task-relevant neural signals, as well as signals from other regions of the brain that are not relevant.

Abstract sentence meanings are grounded in the sensory-motor regions in a context-dependent fashion.

Sentences conveying abstract meanings are crucial tools for high-level thinking and communication. Previous research has sparked a debate on whether abstract concepts rely on the representation of the sensory-motor brain areas. We explored this issue with the assumption that abstract meanings at the sentence level could invoke the sensory-motor regions a context-dependent fashion.

Physiological monitoring for occupational heat stress management: recent advancements and remaining challenges.

Occupational heat stress poses a major threat to worker health and safety that is projected to worsen with global climate warming. To manage these adverse effects, most industries rely on administrative controls (stay times and work-to-rest allocations) that are designed to limit the rise in body core temperature in the 'average' individual. However, due to the extensive inter- and intra-individual variation in thermoregulatory function, these administrative controls will result in some individuals having their work rate and productivity unnecessarily restricted (false positives), while others may be subject to rises in heat strain that compromise health (false negatives).

Infantile Pasteurella multocida Meningitis: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Background: Pasteurella multocida is a rare cause of deep-seated pediatric infections including osteomyelitis and meningitis. We report a case of P. multocida meningitis from Queensland, with a comprehensive review of literature.

Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease: Synopsis of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline.

Description: The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) organization updated its existing clinical practice guideline in 2024 to provide guidance on the evaluation, management, and treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adults and children who are not receiving kidney replacement therapy.

Methods: The KDIGO CKD Guideline Work Group defined the scope of the guideline and determined topics for systematic review. An independent Evidence Review Team systematically reviewed the evidence and graded the certainty of evidence for each of the review topics.

Profiling "Noncombat" Musculoskeletal Injuries in Special Operations Forces: A Systematic Review.

Background: Special Operations Forces (SOF) personnel are at a high risk of musculoskeletal (MSK) injury. The aims of this systematic review were to a) profile MSK injuries sustained by SOF personnel and b) identify evidence-based injury prevention strategies.

Methods: Registered with the Open Science Framework, the protocol followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Development and Impact of a Community-Delivered, Multisectoral Lifestyle Management Service for People Living With Type 2 Diabetes (Logan Healthy Living): Protocol for a Pragmatic, Single-Arm Intervention Study.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is the fastest-growing chronic condition in Australia, with higher prevalence in disadvantaged groups. Logan Healthy Living by UQ Health Care is a proof-of-concept, interprofessional allied health clinic focused on supporting people with and at risk of type 2 diabetes in Logan, a region in South East Queensland, Australia, with high levels of health inequity. Logan Healthy Living is supported by the Queensland Government through Health and Wellbeing Queensland and a broader multisectoral alliance including primary health care; tertiary hospital and health services; and government, community, and university sectors.

Incidence, healthcare-seeking behavior and barriers associated with seeking care for severe childhood pneumonia in rural Bangladesh: A prospective study.

Globally, childhood pneumonia is one of the leading causes of under-five mortality especially in low-and middle-income countries. This study aimed to estimate the incidence, healthcare-seeking behavior, and barriers associated with seeking care for children suffering from severe pneumonia in rural Bangladesh. A prospective study was conducted in two districts at 81 randomly selected villages in rural Bangladesh.

Enhancing green bean crop maturity and yield prediction by harnessing the power of statistical analysis, crop records and weather data.

Climate change impacts require us to reexamine crop growth and yield under increasing temperatures and continuing yearly climate variability. Agronomic and agro-meteorological variables were concorded for a large number of plantings of green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in three growing seasons over several years from semi-tropical Queensland.

Impact of mass drug administration with ivermectin, diethylcarbamazine, and albendazole for lymphatic filariasis on hookworm and Strongyloides stercoralis infections in Papua New Guinea.

Background: Persons with lymphatic filariasis (LF) are often co-infected with soil-transmitted helminths. A single co-administered dose of ivermectin/diethylcarbamazine/albendazole (IDA) is recommended by WHO for mass drug administration (MDA) for LF instead of diethylcarbamazine/albendazole (DA) in Papua New Guinea (PNG). We compared the effectiveness of a single round of MDA with IDA or DA on hookworm and strongyloidiasis in PNG.