Innovative care models: Expanding nurses' and optometrists' roles in ophthalmology.

The expanding demands of healthcare necessitate novel methods of increasing the supply of trained professionals to enhance the delivery of care services. One means of doing so is to expand allied health professionals' scope of practice. This paper explores the ethics of two examples of such expansion in ophthalmology, comparing the widely accepted practice of nurses administering intravitreal injections and the relatively less prevalent optometrists functioning as physician extenders.

Long-term safety and effectiveness of fenfluramine in children and adults with Dravet syndrome.

Objective: We analyzed the long-term safety and effectiveness of fenfluramine (FFA) in patients with Dravet syndrome (DS) in an open-label extension (OLE) study after participating in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or commencing FFA de novo as adults.

Methods: Patients with DS who participated in one of three RCTs or were 19 to 35 years of age and started FFA de novo were included. Key endpoints were: incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) in the safety population, and median percentage change in monthly convulsive seizure frequency (MCSF) from the RCT baseline to end of study (EOS) in the modified intent-to-treat (mITT) population.

Saline irrigation improves survival of forage sorghum but limits growth and increases toxicity.

Moderately saline water has been proposed as a potential irrigation resource for crops such as forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor × Sorghum bicolor nothosubsp. drummondii) in drought-prone regions. However, it is not yet fully understood how salinity affects growth and potential toxicity of sorghum.

Fan therapy for breathlessness - how do you do it and why?

Purpose Of The Review: This review summarises high-level evidence for fan therapy and adds a commentary on the relatively-neglected question of how to optimise benefits based on qualitative evidence, clinical experience and broader research and theory.

Recent Findings: Recent high-level evidence suggests the fan reduces time to recovery from episodic breathlessness rather than reduces daily levels over a longer period. Lower grade evidence suggests the fan can also help people increase their physical activity.

Risk Prediction Models for Sentinel Node Positivity in Melanoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: There is a need to identify the best performing risk prediction model for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) positivity in melanoma.

Objective: To comprehensively review the characteristics and discriminative performance of existing risk prediction models for SLNB positivity in melanoma.

Data Sources: Embase and MEDLINE were searched from inception to May 1, 2024, for English language articles.

Exercise and Psychosexual Education to Improve Sexual Function in Men With Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Sexual dysfunction is a common adverse effect of prostate cancer treatment, and current management strategies do not adequately address physical and psychological causes. Exercise is a potential therapy in the management of sexual dysfunction.

Objective: To investigate the effects of supervised, clinic-based, resistance and aerobic exercise with and without a brief psychosexual education and self-management intervention (PESM) on sexual function in men with prostate cancer compared with usual care.

Estimated Cancer Risk in Females Who Meet the Criteria to Exit Cervical Cancer Screening.

Importance: Cervical screening guidelines in the US recommend that most females can exit routine screening at age 65 years following 2 recent consecutive negative cotest results (concurrent human papillomavirus and cytology tests). However, empirical data on the subsequent risks of cancer and cancer death in this subgroup of females are limited.

Objective: To estimate the risks of cervical cancer and cervical cancer death among females who meet the cotesting criteria to exit screening.

Evaluation of planned and achieved root angulation changes in teeth adjacent to mandibular premolar extraction sites in patients treated with Invisalign: A retrospective study.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of Invisalign (Align Technology, Santa Clara, Calif) in achieving planned root angulation of molars, premolars, and canines adjacent to mandibular premolar extraction sites.

Methods: Digital models of adult patients treated with Invisalign aligners and extraction of at least 1 mandibular first (L4) or second (L5) premolar between 2013 and 2019 were evaluated after import into the Geomagic Control X (3D Systems, Rock Hill, SC) metrology platform.

Results: Thirty-one patients, comprising 30 L4 and 25 L5 extractions, were assessed.

A qualitative study exploring community pharmacists' perceptions and experiences with information transfer from Queensland health hospitals during patients' transitions of care.

Objective: This study explored community pharmacists' experiences and perceptions of information transfer from Queensland health hospitals for patients during transitions of care and the current utilization of electronic medical records for accessing patient information.

Methods: Qualitative methodology was used involving in-depth semi-structured interviews with community pharmacists to explore their experiences and perceptions with information transfer during patients' transitions of care. Purposive sampling was used to ensure the participation of community pharmacists who had experience with the medication management of patients discharged from Queensland health hospitals.

Iridium Nanocrystals Enriched with Defects and Atomic Steps to Enhance Oxygen Evolution Reaction Performance.

The presence of defects can significantly improve catalytic activity and stability, as they influence the binding of the reactants, intermediates, and products to the catalyst. Controlling defects in the structures of nanocrystal catalysts is synthetically challenging. In this study, we demonstrate the ability to control the growth of Ir nanocrystals, enabling the tuning of both structural and surface defects.

Exploring Social Determinants of Health in Veterinary Technology: A Workshop Approach to Enhancing Companion Animal Welfare and Student Awareness.

Incorporating social determinants of health (SDH) into veterinary education is essential for preparing students to address companion animal welfare comprehensively. This teaching tip describes a yearly workshop conducted with veterinary technology students to explore how SDH factors influence companion animal guardians, and the clinical decisions made by veterinary professionals. The workshop emphasized key communication skills and addressed student biases.

Advancing dental education with technology: The integration of smartphone applications in endodontics-A narrative review.

Background: Smartphone applications are increasingly used in medical and dental education, offering flexible and interactive learning opportunities. In medicine, these tools enhance knowledge retention, clinical decision-making, and patient care.

Objective: This review aims to evaluate the role of smartphone applications in endodontic education, assessing their quality, functionality, perceived impact, usability, and impact on learning outcomes.

The Legalome: Microbiology, Omics and Criminal Justice.

Advances in neuromicrobiology and related omics technologies have reinforced the idea that unseen microbes play critical roles in human cognition and behaviour. Included in this research is evidence indicating that gut microbes, through direct and indirect pathways, can influence aggression, anger, irritability and antisocial behaviour. Moreover, gut microbes can manufacture chemicals that are known to compromise cognition.

Protothecosis in Dogs: A Narrative Review.

Protothecosis is a rare and unusual disease that affects both humans and animals, including dogs. The causative agents are unicellular, achlorophyllous, "yeast-like" microalgae of the genus Prototheca (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta). Although usually saprophytic, Prototheca may, under conditions of immunologic compromise, become pathogenic and even lethal to the host.

Preserving the Biologically Coherent Generic Concept of , 'Plant Destroyer'.

is a long-established, well known and globally important genus of plant pathogens. Phylogenetic evidence has shown that the biologically distinct, obligate biotrophic downy mildews evolved from at least twice. Since, cladistically, this renders 'paraphyletic', it has been proposed that evolutionary clades be split into multiple genera (Runge et al.

Infection by Clonally Related Isolates: The Role of Drinking Water.

Rationale: group bacteria (MABS) cause lethal infections in people with chronic lung diseases. Transmission mechanisms remain poorly understood; the detection of dominant circulating clones (DCCs) has suggested potential for person-to-person transmission.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the role of drinking water in the transmission of MABS.

Effect of Carcass Feeds on Feeding Behavior and Social Interactions in Zoo-Based African Wild Dogs (Lycaon pictus).

Management of African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) in zoos involves several challenges, including the difficulty of providing appropriate stimulation and enrichment for naturally wide-ranging, energetic, cursorial hunters. Perhaps consequently, zoo packs can exhibit bouts of extreme intra-pack aggression rarely seen in the wild. As with other species, considerable efforts are required to balance the retention and exhibition of wild-type behaviors, against ensuring that the nutritional and welfare needs of individual group-living animals are met.

The Role of TIM-3 in Glioblastoma Progression.

Several immunoregulatory or immune checkpoint receptors including T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) have been implicated in glioblastoma progression. Rigorous investigation over the last decade has elucidated TIM-3 as a key player in inhibiting immune cell activation and several key associated molecules have been identified both upstream and downstream that mediate immune cell dysfunction mechanistically. However, despite several reviews being published on other immune checkpoint molecules such as PD-1 and CTLA-4 in the glioblastoma setting, no such extensive review exists that specifically focuses on the role of TIM-3 in glioblastoma progression and immunosuppression.

Germline analysis of an international cohort of pediatric diffuse midline glioma patients.

Background: Factors that drive the development of diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) are unknown. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) germline variants in pediatric patients with DMG.

Methods: We assembled an international cohort of 252 pediatric patients with DMG, including diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (n=153), with germline whole genome or whole exome sequencing.

Nursing and planetary health: A discussion article.

This discussion article discusses the integration of planetary health into nursing practice and education, highlighting the transformative potential of this approach in improving global health outcomes. Planetary health emphasizes the interdependence between human health and the health of our planet's ecosystems, advocating for a sustainable approach to healthcare. This article explores how nursing practice can incorporate planetary health principles to address environmental determinants of health and promote sustainable practices.