Neighborhood Topology-Aware Knowledge Graph Learning and Microbial Preference Inferring for Drug-Microbe Association Prediction.

The human microbiota may influence the effectiveness of drug therapy by activating or inactivating the pharmacological properties of drugs. Computational methods have demonstrated their ability to screen reliable microbe-drug associations and uncover the mechanism by which drugs exert their functions. However, the previous prediction methods failed to completely exploit the neighborhood topologies of the microbe and drug entities and the diverse correlations between the microbe-drug entity pair and the other entities.

Dosing optimisation of intravenous lidocaine in patients with class 1-3 obesity by population pharmacokinetic analysis.

Introduction: Evidence to support intra-operative lidocaine infusion regimens in patients with obesity is lacking, risking underdosing or toxicity. We aimed to measure the plasma concentrations of lidocaine and its active metabolites to develop a pharmacokinetic model and optimised dosing regimen in patients with obesity.

Methods: A standardised weight-based intravenous lidocaine regimen was administered to patients with a BMI ≥ 30 kg.

Delivery determinants of an type VI secretion system bifunctional peptidoglycan hydrolase.

is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen and is a common cause of nosocomial infections. The increasing development of antibiotic resistance in this organism is a global health concern. The clinical isolate AB307-0294 produces a type VI secretion system (T6SS) that delivers three antibacterial effector proteins that give this strain a competitive advantage against other bacteria in polymicrobial environments.

Systolic Blood Pressure and Pulse Pressure in Heart Failure: Pooled Participant-Level Analysis of 4 Trials.

Background: Hypertension is common in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFmrEF/HFpEF), and current guidelines recommend treating systolic blood pressure (SBP) to a target <130 mm Hg. However, data supporting treatment to this target are limited. Additionally, pulse pressure (PP), a marker of aortic stiffness, has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events, but its prognostic impact in HFpEF has not been extensively studied.

Development and Implementation of the Palliative Care Assessment Toolkit for Rural Aged Care Facilities in Australia.

Palliative care (PC) in rural aged care facilities faces significant challenges, including late referrals and insufficient staff training, leading to a risk of suboptimal end-of-life care. The aim of the project was to develop and implement an evidence-based Palliative Care Assessment Toolkit (PCAT) to improve PC in rural aged care facilities and evaluate its impact on care delivery and staff practices. The study employed a mixed-methods design across three phases: codesign of the toolkit, implementation, and evaluation (using pre- and post-data).

Levels of Cytomegalovirus-Reactive Antibody and γδ T Cell Phenotypes Align with Vascular Changes in People Living With HIV.

People living with HIV (PLWH) beginning antiretroviral therapy (ART) retain a high burden of cytomegalovirus (CMV). CMV has been implicated in atherosclerosis in healthy adults, and a role in PLWH is plausible. Atherosclerosis has also been linked with γδ T cells and CMV seropositivity with altered γδ T cell profiles in other populations.

Graphene Origami Amplifies Mechanical Properties of Polyethylene Nanocomposites.

Graphene and its derivatives have been widely used as reinforcing nanofillers for high-performance polymer nanocomposites. The effectiveness of the reinforcement largely depends on the properties of the nanofiller-matrix interface, which can be represented by the interfacial shear strength (IFSS). This work systematically investigates IFSS enhancements for polyethylene (PE) nanocomposites reinforced by graphene origami (GOri) through molecular dynamics pull-out simulations.

Hypoalbuminemia as a predictor of severe dengue: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Dengue fever is a significant health concern globally, especially in tropical regions. Identifying reliable markers for severe dengue, such as hypoalbuminemia, is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: This review systematically explores the association between hypoalbuminemia and severe dengue.

The theory of Barlow packings: Basic properties and cohesive energies from exact lattice summations within the sticky hard-sphere model.

The theory of periodic Barlow multi-lattices (X1X2…XN)∞ with Xi ∈ {A, B, C} and Xi ≠ Xi+1 of stacked two-dimensional hexagonal close-packed layers is presented and used to derive exact lattice sum expressions in terms of fast converging Bessel function expansions for inverse power potentials. We describe in detail the mathematical properties of Barlow sphere packings and demonstrate that only two basic lattice sums are required to describe all periodic packings. For the sticky hard-sphere model with an attractive inverse power law potential, we find a linear correlation between the cohesive energies of different Barlow packings and the face-centered cubic packing fraction.

Assessing chest radiographic quality and the influence of COVID-19 pathology: the Australian experience.

Introduction: Quality assurance (QA) in medical imaging ensures consistently high-quality images at acceptable radiation doses. However, the applicability of the chest X-ray (CXR) QA tool in images with pathology, particularly infectious diseases like COVID-19, has not been explored. This study examines the utility of the European Guidelines for image quality in QA of CXRs with varying severity and types of infectious disease.

Enigma of Sustainable CO Conversion to Renewable Fuels and Chemicals Through Photocatalysis, Electrocatalysis, and Photoelectrocatalysis: Design Strategies and Atomic Level Insights.

Growing global population, escalating energy consumption, and climate change threaten future energy security. Fossil fuel combustion, primarily coal, oil, and natural gas, exacerbates the greenhouse effect driving global warming through CO emissions. To address such issues, research is focused on converting CO into valuable fuels and chemicals, which aims to reduce noxious CO and simultaneously bridge the gap between energy demands and sustainable supply.

Association Between COVID-19 Pandemic Phases and the Risk of Maternal Intensive Care Unit Admission: A Retrospective Analysis of 215,363 Victorian Hospital Admissions.

Background: There are no published Australian population-based data on serious COVID-19-associated maternal morbidity before and after widespread vaccination.

Aims: To compare COVID-19 infection rates, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and length of stay in hospitalised pregnant patients before and after achieving 70% state-wide maternal COVID-19 vaccination coverage.

Material And Methods: Population-based retrospective cohort study involving all hospital-admitted episodes for pregnant patients over 15-years-old with COVID-19 in Victoria from 1 March 2020 to 31 March 2022.

Mortality in ischaemic stroke patients without standard modifiable risk factors: An analysis of the Riksstroke registry.

Introduction: Little is known of the long-term prognosis of patients with acute ischaemic stroke in the absence of standard modifiable stroke risk factors (SMoRFs). In acute coronary syndromes, patients without modifiable risk factors have a higher mortality rate. We analysed data from the Swedish Stroke Register to determine survival of patients without SMoRFs following an ischaemic stroke.

Caregivers' insights into supporting their late talkers using a parent program.

Purpose: To explore caregivers' experiences and engagement during the 16-week designed to support late talkers.

Method: Qualitative interpretative description methodology was used to understand the experience of five caregivers who had completed to support their children (aged 18-36 months). Caregivers attended a focus group to share their perspectives.

Recent advances in SERS assays for detection of multiple extracellular vesicles biomarkers for cancer diagnosis.

As the prevalence of cancer is escalating, there is an increased demand for early and sensitive diagnostic tools. A major challenge in early detection is the lack of specific biomarkers, and a readily accessible, sensitive and rapid detection method. To meet these challenges, cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have been discovered as a new promising cancer biomarker due to the high abundance of sEVs in body fluids and their extensive cargo of biomarkers.

User-centred design of a patient portal for persons living with home mechanical ventilation and long-term tracheostomy: a mixed methods study.

Patient portals are secure online platforms that offer patients access to various functions such as personal health information. While patient portals are being increasingly offered by health services, there are limited data on their use for persons living with home mechanical ventilation (HMV) and/or long-term tracheostomy. This study, conducted at an Australian hospital's home mechanical ventilation and long-term tracheostomy services, aimed to explore the perspectives and attitudes of patients and carers regarding the introduction of a patient portal.

A Nurse-Initiated Protocol for Interprofessional Management of Changed Behaviours in Hospital Patients With Dementia and/or Delirium: A Modified e-Delphi Study.

Aim: To develop a nurse-initiated protocol for early ward-based interprofessional coordination and formulation of person-centred care plans to assist in point-of-care management of behaviour in older patients on general hospital wards.

Design: A modified e-Delphi method was employed to establish expert consensus.

Method: Multidisciplinary acute-care experts experienced in hospital care of patients with dementia and/or delirium in Australia were recruited by email from 35 professional networks.

Tenecteplase Thrombolysis for Stroke up to 24 Hours After Onset With Perfusion Imaging Selection: The CHABLIS-T II Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Whether it is effective and safe to extend the time window of intravenous thrombolysis up to 24 hours after the last known well is unknown. We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of tenecteplase in Chinese patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large/medium vessel occlusion within an extended time window.

Methods: Patients with ischemic stroke presenting 4.

Discrimination of nucleoside phosphates using principal component analysis of spectral changes in a single europium complex.

Here we present the first use of principal component analysis of the full spectrum of a single europium complex to differentiate between structurally-similar analytes. We demonstrate that it can be used to distinguish between the nucleoside phosphate guests AMP, ADP, and ATP.

Sex-Based Differences in Endovascular Thrombectomy Outcomes for Large Ischemic Stroke: A SELECT2 Subanalysis.

Background: Several social and biological factors are shown to differentially affect stroke outcomes between men and women. We evaluated whether clinical outcomes and endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) treatment effects differed between the sexes in patients presenting with large ischemic stroke.

Methods: The SELECT2 trial (A Randomized Controlled Trial to Optimize Patient's Selection for Endovascular Treatment in Acute Ischemic Stroke) was a randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy and safety of EVT in patients with large strokes across the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand between October 2019 and September 2022.