Phosphate-dependent nuclear export via a non-classical NES class recognized by exportin Msn5.

Gene expression in response to environmental stimuli is dependent on nuclear localization of key signaling components, which can be tightly regulated by phosphorylation. This is exemplified by the phosphate-sensing transcription factor Pho4, which requires phosphorylation for nuclear export by the yeast exportin Msn5. Here, we present a high resolution cryogenic-electron microscopy structure showing the phosphorylated 35-residue nuclear export signal of Pho4, which binds the concave surface of Msn5 through two Pho4 phospho-serines that align with two Msn5 basic patches.

Axonal RNA localization is essential for long-term memory.

Localization of mRNAs to neuronal terminals, coupled to local translation, has emerged as a prevalent mechanism controlling the synaptic proteome. However, the physiological regulation and function of this process in the context of mature in vivo memory circuits has remained unclear. Here, we combined synaptosome RNA profiling with whole brain high-resolution imaging to uncover mRNAs with different localization patterns in the axons of Drosophila Mushroom Body memory neurons, some exhibiting regionalized, input-dependent, recruitment along axons.

The asthma diagnosis jigsaw puzzle: an adaptable teaching concept to facilitate the diagnosis of asthma in adults and children presenting to primary care.

The asthma diagnosis jigsaw puzzle is a clinical practice and teaching concept conceived in clinical practice and refined through an expert multidisciplinary consensus process by academics and clinicians with an interest in primary respiratory care. The concept incorporates guidance to facilitate the effective diagnosis of adults or children with asthma in primary care where misdiagnosis is common. The jigsaw puzzle metaphor teaches a problem-solving approach to diagnosis, introducing the concept of diagnosis over time and in no particular sequence.

Midbrain ghrelin receptor signalling regulates binge drinking in a sex specific manner.

Risky drinking rates are rising, particularly in women, yet sex as a biological variable has only recently gained traction. The centrally projecting Edinger-Westphal (EWcp) nucleus has emerged as a key regulator of alcohol consumption. Here we found that EWcp cells reduce binge drinking specifically in female mice.

Fibre-reinforced dental composites: Influence of aspect ratio and loading percentage on material performance.

Objective: This experimental investigation explored the optimisation of fibre loading and aspect ratio (AR) of the S-2 Glass fibres in restorative dental composites for improved mechanical and physical characteristics. This study dealt with understanding the influence of two key input parameters, hybridised S-2 Glass fibre AR and fibre wt%, as reinforcement on a dental composite. This study also explores the relationships and effects of these parameters on the performance of the composite material.

Biochemical validation of a food frequency questionnaire measuring immune modulating nutrient intake in patients with peripheral arterial disease.

Background And Aims: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a cardiovascular disease affecting approximately 6 % of the population. The condition is associated with claudication, non-healing ischemic ulceration, and a systemic pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative state. Recently, nutrition therapy is exploring immunonutrition as a novel dietary strategy to reduce the progression of atherosclerosis.

Changing prevalence of psychosocial occupational stressors and their impact on employee mental health across birth cohorts.

Background: Mental illness is the leading cause of employee absence and vocational disability in many countries. The Job Demand-Control model posits that risk factors for mental illness include psychosocial stressors such as high job demands and low job control. We determined (1) if the prevalence of population-level work-related risk factors has changed over time (workplace change) and (2) whether the strength of the association between risk factors and mental health has changed over time (workforce change).

The sick child in art.

There are at least 12 paintings from the late 17th to the early 20th centuries titled, 'The Sick Child'. They were painted by well-known and obscure artists from Holland, Norway, France, England, Spain, North and South America. Most depict infants, and some older children, always in their homes, most with the mother at the bedside.

Geospatial Accessibility to Pediatric Resources according to Child Opportunity, Race/Ethnic Composition and Urbanicity.

Objectives: We analyze drive times to pediatric inpatient and intensive care services in the U.S. according to Child Opportunity Index (COI), racial/ethnic composition, and urbanicity.

Industry perspective, genetics and genomics of peanut blanchability.

Blanching is the process of removing the testa or seed coat (skin) from peanuts, and a genotype's capacity to release its testa is referred to as its blanchability. The genotype, seed quality, harvest date, level of maturity, as well as the length of time and temperature of the post-harvest storage period, are said to have an impact on the peanut's blanchability. This characteristic is of enormous economic significance in the production of food items made from peanuts.

Comprehensive geriatric assessment for frail older people with chronic kidney disease to increase attainment of patient-identified goals: Statistical analysis plan for a cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Background: Frailty is highly prevalent in older people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and associated with more complex healthcare needs. As part of person-centred care, healthcare planning should be tailored to the individual's needs and their desired outcomes. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) is an intervention which can help facilitate this by identifying a person's medical, functional, and psychosocial problems, and then tailoring a coordinated, targeted management plan.

Functional genomics in age-related macular degeneration: From genetic associations to understanding disease mechanisms.

Genome-wide association studies have been remarkably successful in identifying genetic variants associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), demonstrating a strong genetic component largely driven by common variants. However, progress in translating these genetic findings into a deeper understanding of disease mechanisms and new therapies has been slow. Slow progress in this area can be attributed to limited knowledge of the functional impact of AMD-associated non-coding variants on gene function, the molecular mechanisms and cell types underlying disease.

Revolutionizing drug delivery strategies with probucol to Combat oxidative stress in retinal Degeneration: A comprehensive review.

Localized oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of retinal degenerative diseases, with diabetic retinopathy (DR) being one of them, contributing significantly to this vision-threatening complication of diabetes. Increased oxidative burden leads to dysfunction across various retinal cell types, including vascular endothelial cells, neurons, glial cells and pericytes. Importantly, even after achieving normalized glycemia, the detrimental effects of oxidative stress persist.

Eating disorder symptoms and profiles of emotion regulation strategy use.

Background: Emotion regulation difficulties are widely thought to be a transdiagnostic risk factor for eating disorders. However, there is limited data on the precise patterns of emotion regulation strategy use that characterize eating-disorder symptoms. Our aim was to comprehensively examine the relationship between emotion-regulation strategy use and eating-disorder symptoms, identifying profiles of strategy use that might characterize these symptoms.

Regular-fat and low-fat dairy foods and cardiovascular diseases: Perspectives for future dietary recommendations.

Most current dietary guidelines for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) recommend the consumption of low-fat dairy in place of regular-fat dairy foods, one of the main sources of dietary saturated fatty acids (SFAs). Here, we summarise the data presented and discussions held - relating to the validity of such recommendations - between a panel of international nutrition research experts at a high-level closed workshop on 'Saturated Fat in Dairy and Cardiovascular Diseases', which took place in Amsterdam on 15-16 April 2024. The most recent evidence indicates that overall, consumption of milk, yogurt and cheese, irrespective of fat content, is neutrally associated with CVD risk.

Clinical standards in angina and non-obstructive coronary arteries: A clinician and patient consensus document.

Patients with angina and non-obstructive coronary arteries (ANOCA) or myocardial ischaemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) comprise a relatively large subgroup within those with ischaemic heart disease. Advances in the understanding of disease mechanisms, diagnostic tests and multidisciplinary care are improving awareness of the needs of affected individuals. However, practice variations and suboptimal management promulgate the health burden and increase health care resource consumption.

Acceptability of Cycling With Virtual Reality Among Older Adults Living Independently in a Retirement Village: An Observational Study.

Background: Improving physical activity and sedentary behaviors can maintain and improve cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and psychosocial function for older adults (≥65 years) but finding acceptable, enjoyable, and safe strategies to achieve this is challenging. The immersive BikeAround technology-which integrates stationary cycling with Google Earth Street View-may be an effective strategy as it enhances acute exercise enjoyment and motivation, but treatment effects, safety, and engagement during prolonged use in free-living environments remain unknown. We evaluated the acceptability of BikeAround among older adults in a retirement village and assessed its preliminary effects on physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, blood pressure, cognitive function, perceived exertion, and balance, and mobility.

Providing integrated mental health care as a neurologist.

Mental health comorbidities are highly prevalent and problematic in epilepsy, making it important for neurologists to be equipped to manage their patients' mental health concerns. This article explores the paradigm shift toward integrated mental health care approaches, aiming to educate early-career neurologists on their role within epilepsy care. We focus on depression and anxiety, how they present in epilepsy, and the role of integrated mental health care in managing these comorbidities.

AI-driven report-generation tools in mental healthcare: A review of commercial tools.

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly being integrated in clinical care, including for AI-powered note-writing. We aimed to develop and apply a scale for assessing mental health electronic health records (EHRs) that use large language models (LLMs) for note-writing, focusing on their features, security, and ethics. The assessment involved analyzing product information and directly querying vendors about their systems.