Patient-reported outcomes following ciltacabtagene autoleucel or standard of care in patients with lenalidomide-refractory multiple myeloma (CARTITUDE-4): results from a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background: In CARTITUDE-4, ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel) significantly improved progression-free survival (primary endpoint; previously reported) versus standard of care in patients with relapsed, lenalidomide-refractory multiple myeloma. We report here patient-reported outcomes.

Methods: In the ongoing, phase 3, open-label CARTITUDE-4 study, patients were recruited from 81 sites in the USA, Europe, Asia, and Australia, and were randomly assigned 1:1 to cilta-cel (target, 0·75 × 10 CAR-T cells/kg) or standard of care (daratumumab, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone; pomalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone).

Identifying Unique Integrated Care Competencies to Inform Health Profession Curriculum Development.

Background: Integrated care can enhance health outcomes for patients, as well as improve healthcare efficiency for organisations. However, it is unclear what values and competencies health professionals need to develop at the pre-qualification stage to engage in integrated care practice upon graduation. Therefore, this review aimed to identify published integrated care competencies for professional entry health professional education programmes.

Acute kidney injury recovery status predicts mortality and cardiorenal outcomes in patients admitted with acute decompensated heart failure.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in the context of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) encompasses a broad spectrum of phenotypes with associated disparate outcomes. We evaluate the impact of 'ongoing AKI' on prognosis and cardiorenal outcomes and describe predictors of 'ongoing AKI'.

Methods: A prospective multicentre observational study of patients admitted with ADHF requiring intravenous furosemide was completed, with urinary angiotensinogen (uAGT) measured at baseline.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation complexity score.

Background: Increasing demand for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) places greater emphasis on the efficiency of pathways and services. A significant limitation to increasing TAVI capacity is the availability of cardiac catheterisation laboratory time. We have developed a novel complexity scoring system (TAVI ComplEXity; TEX score) which can aid in planning lists with appropriate case selection.

Consumer perspectives of the group itself in group-delivered programs for people with chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-synthesis.

Group-delivered programs for chronic pain are evidence-based and frequently used. The contribution of group factors to outcomes is unclear and there are no integrated findings on consumer perceptions of the group itself in programs for people with chronic pain. The aim of this systematic review was to search and synthesise qualitative data specifically related to the group itself in studies investigating group-delivered programs for people with chronic pain (PROSPERO, CRD42023382447).

Early circulating biomarkers to predict plasma leakage in dengue fever.

Background: Dengue, a mosquito-borne viral infection, poses a rapidly growing burden, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Without early identification of patients at risk of severe outcomes (dengue haemorrhagic fever, severe dengue, and plasma leakage- the latter typically occurring on days 5-7 of illness), untriaged admissions lead to hospital overcrowding and suboptimal care.

Methods: This nested case-control study compared early-stage plasma samples (within the first 96hours of fever) from dengue patients with and without plasma leakage.

Modelling vitamin D fortification scenarios for the Australian population.

Background: Low vitamin D status (circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration <50 nmol/L) is prevalent in Australia, and 95% of Australians have been estimated to have low vitamin D intake (mean range 1.8-3.2 μg/day).

Beyond Traditional Body Composition Metrics: Load-Capacity Indices Emerge as Predictors of Cardiometabolic Outcomes - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The adaptive and independent interrelationships between different body composition components have been identified as crucial determinants of disease risk. Based on this concept, the load-capacity model of body composition, which utilizes measurements obtained through non-anthropometric techniques such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), was proposed. This model is typically operationalized as the ratio of metabolic load (adipose mass) to metabolic capacity (lean mass).

The portrayal of moles in dermatology cartoons.

Media portrayals of medical disorders can influence public beliefs about those disorders. There have been no previous studies about the depiction of dermatological conditions in cartoons. The aim of this study was to describe the portrayal of skin moles in cartoons.

Pre-Hospital ECPR cost analysis and cost effectiveness modelling study.

Background: The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is increasing. Prehospital ECPR (PH-ECPR) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) may improve both equity of access and outcomes but its cost effectiveness has yet to be determined.

Methods: Cost analyses of PH-ECPR was performed utilizing current PH-ECPR trial, NSW Ambulance Cardiac Arrest Registry (CAR), geospatial modelling and in-hospital costings data.

The development and validation of a patient questionnaire tool for the assessment of patient-reported experiences with endometriosis ultrasound.

Objective: Endometriosis ultrasound is an accurate, cost-effective, and non-invasive diagnostic tool that can help improve the diagnostic delay that patients with endometriosis experience. As an emerging diagnostic method, the perspectives of patients undergoing endometriosis ultrasound remain unexplored. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop and validate an assessment tool that evaluates patient-reported experiences with endometriosis ultrasound as a decision-making tool.

Advances and challenges in precision imaging.

Technological innovations in genomics and related fields have facilitated large sequencing efforts, supported new biological discoveries in cancer, and spawned an era of liquid biopsy biomarkers. Despite these advances, precision oncology has practical constraints, partly related to cancer's biological diversity and spatial and temporal complexity. Advanced imaging technologies are being developed to address some of the current limitations in early detection, treatment selection and planning, drug delivery, and therapeutic response, as well as difficulties posed by drug resistance, drug toxicity, disease monitoring, and metastatic evolution.

Vanzacaftor-tezacaftor-deutivacaftor for children aged 6-11 years with cystic fibrosis (RIDGELINE Trial VX21-121-105): an analysis from a single-arm, phase 3 trial.

Background: In phase 2 trials in people with cystic fibrosis aged 18 years and older, vanzacaftor-tezacaftor-deutivacaftor has been shown to be a safe and effective, once-daily cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator. Restoring normal CFTR function early in life has the potential to prevent manifestations of cystic fibrosis. We aimed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of vanzacaftor-tezacaftor-deutivacaftor in children with cystic fibrosis aged 6-11 years.

Vanzacaftor-tezacaftor-deutivacaftor versus elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor in individuals with cystic fibrosis aged 12 years and older (SKYLINE Trials VX20-121-102 and VX20-121-103): results from two randomised, active-controlled, phase 3 trials.

Background: The goal of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators is to reach normal CFTR function in people with cystic fibrosis. Vanzacaftor-tezacaftor-deutivacaftor restored CFTR function in vitro and in phase 2 trials in participants aged 18 years and older resulting in improvements in CFTR function, as measured by sweat chloride concentrations and lung function as measured by spirometry. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vanzacaftor-tezacaftor-deutivacaftor compared with standard of care elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor in individuals with cystic fibrosis aged 12 years and older.

A reparatory account of health inequities.

Colonialism has left biological and social legacies that damage health. The resulting racialized health inequities re-enact past harms and are a profound social injustice. In response, this article brings together reparatory justice and health equity.

Prevalence of alcohol exposure in burns related injuries.

The aim of this registry-based cohort study was to quantify the prevalence, injury characteristics, and outcomes of alcohol exposure in burn-related injuries. All patients ≥ 18 years presenting to The Alfred Emergency & Trauma Centre, a major trauma centre in Victoria, Australia between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2022 and included in the Victorian Adult Burns Service registry were included. An explicit chart review was performed to verify retrieved data with alcohol exposure coded when documented in medical records, laboratory evidence of a blood alcohol concentration > 2mmol/L, or recorded in discharge ICD-10-AM codes.

The GLOB-cAGE Consortium: A Global Cardiovascular Collaborative Network of Older Adults with Cardiovascular Disease.

Background: GLOB-cAGE is a newly established unprecedented consortium that brings together cohorts of older persons with cardiovascular disease worldwide. GLOB-cAGE aims to harmonize non-identifiable data from longitudinal cohorts examining cardiovascular health and cardiovascular disease diagnosis and management in older individuals to perform meta-regression analyses using combined repositories of standardized subject-level data points.

Methods And Design: Studies registered into GLOB-cAGE are population-based longitudinal cohort studies or clinical trials, either ongoing or completed, that involve assessing cardiovascular health as a central objective.

A review of trends in health professions education research at the turn of three decades (2000, 2010, and 2020).

Introduction: Health professions education research has evolved as a discipline, yet chronological trends in topics and methodologies together have not been comprehensively explored previously. This study aimed to identify the trends in research topics and methodologies used in primary empirical studies published in reputable health professions education research journals at the turn of three decades (2000, 2010, and 2020).

Methods: Underpinned by relativism and subjectivism, this review of trends included primary empirical studies published in five quartile 1 health professions education research journals, defined by Clarivate (Academic Medicine, Advances in Health Sciences Education, Medical Education, Medical Teacher, and Nurse Education Today) from three sample years at the start of three decades (2000, 2010, and 2020).

Surgical simulation educational research.

Surgical simulation is increasingly embedded in training programs. Diverse simulation modalities offer opportunities to support learning in wide-ranging competencies. Examples of approaches to classifying research have been applied to surgical simulation educational research.

Efficient photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics using Z-scheme MIL-88(Fe)/TiC/MoO: Mechanistic insights and toxicity assessment.

Antibiotic residues cause water contamination and disrupt aquatic ecosystems. Herein, we reported the fabrication of a novel Z-scheme heterojunction, MIL-88A(Fe)/TiC/MoO (MTO), for safe and efficient removal of antibiotics. TiC was introduced into the MIL-88A(Fe)/MoO (MO) heterojunction as an electronic mediator to accelerate charge separation.

Cervical musculoskeletal impairments in migraine and tension-type headache and relationship to pain related factors: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: An updated systematic review of cervical musculoskeletal dysfunction in migraine and tension-type headache is needed. Influencing factors (pain hypersensitivity with cervical musculoskeletal testing, active trigger points and tenderness) have not been investigated.

Objectives: To i) update evidence for cervical musculoskeletal impairments in migraine and tension-type headache ii) report on accompanying pain associated with testing, active trigger points and tenderness in headache; iii) determine relationships between these sensitivity features and cervical musculoskeletal impairments in headache.