Protein "purity," proteoforms, and the albuminome: critical observations on proteome and systems complexity.

Introduction: The identification of effective, selective biomarkers and therapeutics is dependent on truly deep, comprehensive analysis of proteomes at the proteoform level.

Methods: Bovine serum albumin (BSA) isolated by two different protocols, cold ethanol fractionation and heat shock fractionation, was resolved and identified using Integrative Top-down Proteomics, the tight coupling of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Results And Discussion: Numerous proteoforms were identified in both "purified" samples, across a broad range of isoelectric points and molecular weights.

Neuraxial biomechanics, fluid dynamics, and myodural regulation: rethinking management of hypermobility and CNS disorders.

Individuals with joint hypermobility and the Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes (EDS) are disproportionately affected by neuraxial dysfunction and Central Nervous System (CNS) disorders: such as Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension (SIH) due to spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, Upper Cervical Instability (UCI; including craniocervical or atlantoaxial instability (CCI/AAI)), Occult Tethered Cord Syndrome (TCS), Chiari Malformation (CM) and Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH). The neuraxis comprises the parts of the nervous system (brain, nerves, spinal cord) along the craniospinal axis of the body. Neuraxial tissue includes all tissue structures that comprise, support, sheath, and connect along the neuraxis and peripheral nerves.

Erratum: Visualization of endogenous p27 and Ki67 reveals the importance of a c-Myc-driven metabolic switch in promoting survival of quiescent cancer cells: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/thno.63763.

"All-in-one" nano-system for smart delivery and imaging-guided combination therapy of triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with highly malignant and aggressive, still faces challenges in treatment due to the single treatment and side effects. It is urgent to develop an advanced theranostic platform against TNBC. Herein, an "all-in-one" nano-system Au/Cu nanodots/doxorubicin@nanospheres (Au/CuNDs/DOX@NS) with dual-responsive properties was designed for dual-mode imaging-guided combination treatment of TNBC.

Intact Australian Sphagnum peatland is a strong carbon sink.

Peatlands are important global stores of carbon. However, peatland disturbance, including climate change, can cause stored carbon to be released, shifting peatlands from net carbon sinks to net carbon sources. Yet, there is a paucity of data on the carbon cycling of Australian peatlands from which to inform effective management of the peatland carbon store.

Seagrass population dynamics and biodiversity assemblages indicate negative effects of short-term nutrient enrichment in tropical island ecosystem.

This study assessed the influence of anthropogenic short-term nutrient enrichment (hereafter enriched) effects on seagrass population dynamics (recruitment, growth rate and mortality), morphometric traits, productivity, and leaf biodiversity assemblages in the islands of Andaman and Nicobar (ANI) of India and contrasted these findings with away from these enriched areas (hereafter pristine). Seagrass (Thalassia hemprichii and Cymodocea rotundata), and sediment samples were collected in the dry season (October-May) of ANI. Reconstruction techniques, an indirect measurement of plant growth was used to derive leaf plastochrone interval (PI), i.

Paving the way for quality assured, decentralised point-of-care testing for infectious disease in primary care - Real world lessons from remote Australia.

Introduction: Decentralized molecular testing for infectious disease diagnosis at the point-of-care (POC) is critical to address inequities in access to timely, informed health care. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the demand, development and adoption of POC tests for infectious diseases globally. This has provided opportunities to maximize the individual benefits and public health impact of POC testing, particularly in remote and resource-limited primary care settings.

Communication needs and support for children and adolescents with complex communication needs requiring hospitalization in Hong Kong: an explorative study.

Purpose: Children with complex communication needs face particular challenges during hospitalization. This study aimed to understand the situation for hospitalized Hong Kong Chinese children with complex communication needs.

Methods: Six group interviews were conducted with 23 participants, including nurses, doctors, adolescents with acquired brain injury, parents of children with acquired brain injury or cerebral palsy, and community-based therapists.

Recent Advances in Selective Chemical Etching of Nanomaterials for High-Performance Electrodes in Electrocatalysis and Energy Storage.

To move beyond an energy economy dominated by fossil fuel utilization, high-performance electrochemical cells must be designed for energy storage and conversion. Selective etching is a promising, cost-effective solution-processing method for the large-scale top-down production of nanomaterials for high-performance electrodes. This review outlines general methodologies and mechanisms by which selective etching can be applied to create nanomaterials, including various template-assisted, facet-selective, and electrochemical methods, as well as in-depth case studies of state-of-the-art research involving selectively etched nanomaterials for electrocatalytic and energy storage applications.

The association between sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and contrast-associated acute kidney injury in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing angiography: a propensity-matched study.

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been proven to prevent decline in kidney function and failure. Whether SGLT2i affect the risk of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) remains uncertain.

Methods: Use of SGLT2i was assessed in consecutive diabetics undergoing coronary angiography (CA) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from January 2020 to May 2023 at a tertiary hospital in Chongqing, China.

Single cell transcriptomics of the cerebral cortex of mice lacking the PRC2 gene eed.

Objective: The Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) regulates neural stem cell behaviour during development of the cerebral cortex, yet how the loss of PRC2 developmentally influences cell identity in the mature brain is poorly defined. Using a mouse model in which the PRC2 gene Embryonic ectoderm development (Eed) was conditionally deleted from the developing mouse dorsal telencephalon, we performed single nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) on the cortical plate of an adult heterozygote Eed knockout mouse and an adult homozygote Eed knockout mouse compared to a littermate control. This work was part of a larger effort to understand consequences of mutations to PRC2 within the mature brain.

Meta-assembly of genomic associations to identify cattle fat depot candidate genes and pleiotropic effects.

Background: Fat traits in cattle are considered important due to their contribution to beef eating quality and carcass economic value. Discovering the genes controlling fat traits in cattle will enable better selection of these traits, but identifying these genes in individual experiments has proven difficult. Compared to individual experiments, meta-analyses allow greater statistical power for detecting quantitative trait loci and identifying genes that influence single and multiple economically important fat traits.

Prevalence and associated factors of dental anxiety among adults attending public outpatient dental clinic in the Eastern Province, Sri Lanka.

Background: Dental anxiety has become a major concern for both dental practitioners and patients and prevents a significant proportion of people from attending dental clinics. The present study aimed to determine dental anxiety and associated factors among adult patients attending a public outpatient dental clinic in a base hospital, in the Eastern Province of Sri Lanka.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 adults aged 18 to 75 years awaiting dental treatment.

Clinical features in patients with acquired intermittent and constant exotropia who underwent surgery.

Background: acquired exotropia mostly manifests as an intermittent form, and very few cases show constant exotrpia. However, the differences in the clinical features of the constant and intermittent exotropia patients has not been clear yet.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 6159 patients with exotropia from 2012 to 2022 in Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran.

Validation of the Uscom BP+ automated oscillometric blood pressure monitor for professional office use in children and adolescents according to the AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard (ISO 81060-2:2018).

To (1) assess the accuracy of the Uscom BP+ oscillometric upper-arm professional blood pressure (BP) monitor in children and adolescents as per the AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard (ISO 81060-2:2018); (2) assess the suitability of a non-standard cuff; and (3) assess the impact of motion artefact on device accuracy and precision. Children and adolescents were recruited to fulfil the sex/cuff distribution criteria of the Universal Standard. Single arm sequential BP measurements were used, the test device measured on deflate with an altered child/adolescent algorithm, using three standard (Extra Small, Small Adult, Adult) and, as exploratory analysis, additionally in one non-standard cuff (Wide Range; WR) (arm circumferences: 12-17, 16-24, 22-32, 22-42 cm, respectively).

Molecular Signaling Pathways of Quercetin in Alzheimer's Disease: A Promising Arena.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive impairment and memory deficit. Even with extensive research and studies, presently, there is no effective treatment for the management of AD. Besides, most of drugs used in the treatment of AD did not avert the AD neuropathology, and the disease still in a progressive status.

Association of clinical phenotypes of depression with comorbid conditions, treatment patterns and outcomes: a 10-year region-based cohort study.

Depression is a heterogeneous and complex psychological syndrome with highly variable manifestations, which poses difficulties for treatment and prognosis. Depression patients are prone to developing various comorbidities, which stem from different pathophysiological mechanisms, remaining largely understudied. The current study focused on identifying comorbidity-specific phenotypes, and whether these clustered phenotypes are associated with different treatment patterns, clinical manifestations, physiological characteristics, and prognosis.

Molecular characterization of root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus species, and their prevalence in New Zealand maize fields.

Root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) are significant plant parasites, causing substantial crop damage worldwide. This study aimed to characterize Pratylenchus spp.

Short term GABA antagonist treatment improves long term sleep quality, memory, and decision-making in a Down syndrome mouse model.

Down syndrome (DS) is a common genetic condition affecting people worldwide. It involves cognitive disabilities for which there are no drug therapies. The Ts65Dn mouse model of DS shows cognitive impairment due to a reduction in neuron number and connectivity as well as excessive neuronal activity, as GABA antagonist treatment restores memory in these mice.

Efficacy of Therapeutic Hypothermia During Transport of Newborns With Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy: Experience From Newborn and Paediatric Transport Service, New South Wales.

Aim: To examine the efficacy of current non-servo-based cooling methods used by NETS NSW in treating hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) with therapeutic hypothermia (TH) in neonatal retrieval.

Methods: A retrospective observational study of infants treated with TH for HIE retrieved by NETS NSW from January 2017 to June 2020 inclusive. Primary outcomes were the proportion of neonates achieving TH within 6 h of life and maintaining temperature in a therapeutic range.

Duration, course and caregiver burden of croup in children: two observational cohorts.

Objectives: Although croup is a common respiratory illness, there is little published regarding symptom course. We aimed to assess symptom progression and caregiver burden, and whether age, sex or season and initial severity of disease are associated with symptom duration.

Design, Setting And Participants: We conducted a secondary analysis of two Canadian prospective cohorts of children 0-16 years old diagnosed with croup; one recruited from a paediatric emergency department (ED) (307 children) between November 1999 and March 2000, and the other from 26 general EDs (1214 children) between September 2002 and April 2006.

Transforming Households with Refraction and Innovative Financial Technology (THRIFT): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of vision interventions and online banking among the elderly in Kurigram.

Introduction: Presbyopia, difficulty in seeing close-ups, affects a billion people globally. Mobile financial services (MFS) have been mandated since January 2021 for Bangladesh government social safety net payments, including old age allowance (OAA) and widow allowance (WA). We report the protocol for the Transforming Households with Refraction and Innovative Financial Technology randomised trial assessing the impact on the use of online banking of providing presbyopic safety net beneficiaries with reading glasses, and brief smartphone and mobile banking app training.