Mouse models for understanding physiological functions of ADARs.

Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, is a highly prevalent posttranscriptional modification of RNA, mediated by the adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADAR) proteins. Mammalian transcriptomes contain tens of thousands to millions of A-to-I editing events. Mutations in ADAR can result in rare autoinflammatory disorders such as Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) through to irreversible conditions such as motor neuron disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Intensive care unit acquired weakness and physical rehabilitation in the ICU.

Approximately half of critically ill adults experience intensive care unit acquired weakness (ICUAW). Patients who develop ICUAW may have negative outcomes, including longer duration of mechanical ventilation, greater length of stay, and worse mobility, physical functioning, quality of life, and mortality. Early physical rehabilitation interventions have potential for improving ICUAW; however, randomized trials show inconsistent findings on the efficacy of these interventions.

The impact of COVID-19 on public and private emergency departments in Queensland, Australia.

ObjectiveCOVID-19 affected health care globally. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on both public and private emergency departments (EDs).MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of ED presentations made to three private and two public hospital EDs located in one region in Queensland.

Cobalt regulation biocathode with sulfate-reducing bacteria for enhancing the reduction of antimony and the removal of sulfate in a microbial electrolysis cell simultaneously.

Antimony (Sb) contamination in water resources poses a critical environmental and health challenge globally. Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) are employed to reduce SO to S for removing Sb in a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC). Yet, the reduction efficiency of reducing SO and Sb(Ⅴ) through SRB remains relatively low, and the underlying mechanism remains elusive.

Number of patient samples affected before error detection: Strategic implications for internal quality control and patient-based quality control practices.

Introduction: There is a general impression that patient-based quality control (PBQC) requires a high volume of laboratory results to detect errors effectively. However, internal quality control (IQC) performed infrequently may be associated with increased risk of missed error (i.e.

A High Fat, High Sugar Diet Exacerbates Persistent Post-Surgical Pain and Modifies the Brain-Microbiota-Gut Axis in Adolescent Rats.

Persistent post-surgical pain (PPSP) occurs in a proportion of patients following surgical interventions. Research suggests that specific microbiome components are important for brain development and function, with recent studies demonstrating that chronic pain results in changes to the microbiome. Consumption of a high fat, high sugar (HFHS) diet can drastically alter composition of the microbiome and is a modifiable risk factor for many neuroinflammatory conditions.

Long-term outcomes after endoscopic eradication therapy for dysplastic and T1a adenocarcinoma related Barrett's esophagus: higher rate of late dysplastic recurrence with radio-frequency ablation monotherapy.

Background & Aims: There is conflicting literature describing the durability of complete remission of intestinal metaplasia (CRIM) after endoscopic eradication therapy (EET) for Barrett's esophagus (BE). We aim to assess the timeline, predictors and long-term outcomes of recurrence.

Methods: Data on 365 patients who underwent EET for dysplastic BE were collected prospectively between 2008 and 2022 at a Barrett's referral unit.

Lactoferrin conjugated radicicol nanoparticles enhanced drug delivery and cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells.

Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-1 (PDK1) plays a crucial role in cancer cell metabolism by regulating the glycolytic pathway. Although, inhibitors targeting PDK1 have been effective in inhibiting glycolysis in multiple cancers, their lack of selectivity leading to off-target effects limit their therapeutic benefit. Herein, we investigated the inhibitory potential of six PDK1 inhibitors on cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion of androgen-sensitive LNCaP and androgen-negative PC-3 prostate cancer cells.

Maternal obesity associates with altered humoral immunity in blood and colostrum.

Maternal obesity is a condition with increasing prevalence worldwide, that correlates with negative infant outcomes. Here we performed an observational cross-sectional study, where peripheral blood and colostrum samples from 37 mothers with BMI between 18.5-25 or > 30 kg/m (21 and 16 mothers, respectively) were collected 24-48 h postpartum.

Impact of Second Internal Thoracic Artery on Long-term Survival After Coronary Bypass Surgery.

Background: The survival advantages of bilateral internal thoracic artery (BITA) grafts in coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) remain unclear. Therefore, this study aims to systematically evaluate the time-dependent influence of BITA on long-term survival in elective CABG patients presenting with stable multi-vessel coronary artery disease.

Methods: Data from 3,693 patients undergoing isolated CABG with single internal thoracic artery (SITA) or BITA, with or without additional vein grafts, between 2002 and 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.

Zonal Characteristics of Collagen Ultrastructure and Responses to Mechanical Loading in Articular Cartilage.

The biomechanical properties of articular cartilage arise from a complex bioenvironment comprising hierarchically organised collagen networks within the extracellular matrix (ECM) that interact with the proteoglycan-rich interstitial fluid. This network features a depth-dependent fibril organisation across different zones. Understanding how collagen fibrils respond to external loading is key to elucidating the mechanisms behind lesion and managing degenerative conditions like osteoarthritis.

Running Low: A Seasonal Analysis of Micronutrient Deficiencies on External-Load Measures in Elite Female Rugby League Players.

Unlabelled: Iron and vitamin D are essential for physiological mechanisms underpinning physical capacities characterizing team-sport performance. Yet, the impact of iron deficiency on physical capacities beyond endurance is not clear.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess variations in seasonal micronutrient concentrations and how iron deficiency impacts external-load measures in elite female rugby league players.

Enhancing woman-centred care for pregnant women who have experienced a previous traumatic birth: An Australian Modified Delphi Study.

Background: Childbirth is often characterised as a time of joy. However, some women have a traumatic birth experience, resulting in ongoing psychological symptoms of distress. This can affect women's mental and physical health in subsequent pregnancies; however, a woman-centred approach has the potential to heal.

Interactive segmentation for accurately isolating metastatic lesions from low-resolution, large-size bone scintigrams.

Bone is a common site for the metastasis of malignant tumors, and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) is widely used to detect these metastases. Accurate delineation of metastatic bone lesions in SPECT images is essential for developing treatment plans. However, current clinical practices rely on manual delineation by physicians, which is prone to variability and subjective interpretation.

TractGraphFormer: Anatomically informed hybrid graph CNN-transformer network for interpretable sex and age prediction from diffusion MRI tractography.

The relationship between brain connections and non-imaging phenotypes is increasingly studied using deep neural networks. However, the local and global properties of the brain's white matter networks are often overlooked in convolutional network design. We introduce TractGraphFormer, a hybrid Graph CNN-Transformer deep learning framework tailored for diffusion MRI tractography.

Exposure profiles, determinants, and health risks of chemicals in personal care products among healthy older adults from the China BAPE study.

Personal care products (PCPs) are ubiquitously present in the environment, and the associated health risks have been increasingly concerned worldwide. However, knowledge regarding exposure assessments of older adults to these chemicals and their health risks remains largely limited. In the present study, five repeated surveys involving 76 healthy older adults in Jinan, Shandong Province, were performed to quantify urinary exposure levels of 14 chemicals in PCPs.

Salivary cortisol measures across the clinical stages of psychosis: An individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis.

Background: Studies of salivary cortisol levels in psychosis have yielded inconsistent findings, which may be attributable to heterogeneity in cortisol measurement, illness stage, and approaches to dealing with sampling factors and potential confounders. To address these issues, we performed an individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis comparing individuals at different stages of psychosis to controls using five different salivary cortisol measures and explored potential effect modifiers.

Methods: Salivary cortisol data from five London-based cohorts were used to derive the cortisol awakening response, total daytime cortisol output, basal cortisol, and diurnal slope measures (wake-to-evening and peak-to-evening).

Ultrasensitive point-of-care multiplex diagnosis for influenza virus based robust quantum dot microsphere-lateral flow immunoassay.

Influenza A virus (IAV) and influenza B virus (IBV) with similar symptoms of infection caused a serious disease burden and economic losses in annual epidemic season, so it is important to quickly and accurately detect and distinguish between IAV and IBV during influenza season. Herein, the quantum dot microspheres (QDMS) were synthesized and applied to lateral flow immunoassays (LFIA), and a point-of-care (POC) biosensor that can discriminately and simultaneously diagnose IAV and IBV within 10 min was established. A double-sandwich QDMS nanotags was synthesized by immobilizing hydrophobic quantum dots (QDs) with chemical bonding method on a silica sphere template with an outer silica shell protection showed excellent stability and high fluorescence.

Aggressiveness and phylogenetic relationship of associated with crown and root rot in pyrethrum plants.

In Australia, pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) cultivation provides a significant portion of the global supply of natural insecticidal pyrethrins. However, crown and root rots, along with stunted plant growth and plant loss during winter, are significant issues affecting certain sites. Several isolates of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex (FOSC) have been identified as causal agents of crown and root rot in pyrethrum, highlighting these as key pathogens contributing to this decline.

Rural and remote health care: the case for spatial justice.

Almost universally, people living in rural and remote places die younger, poorer, and sicker than urban-dwelling citizens of the same country. Despite clear need, health services are commonly less available, and more costly and challenging to access, for rural and remote people. Rural geography is commonly cited as a reason for these disparities, that is, rural people are said to live in places too distant, too underpopulated, and too difficult to access.

Endovascular Thrombectomy for Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery Occlusions With Large Ischemic Strokes: Insights From the SELECT2 Trial.

Background And Objectives: Although previous trials have established the efficacy and safety of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in large ischemic core strokes, most of them excluded patients with extracranial internal carotid artery (e-ICA) occlusion. We aimed to compare outcomes in patients with e-ICA occlusion and large ischemic core infarcts treated with EVT vs medical management (MM).

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the SELECT2 trial, a randomized controlled trial conducted at 31 international sites.