Are we maintaining minimal residual disease in myeloma?

Minimal residual disease (MRD) has emerged as an important prognostic maker in patients with multiple myeloma at different stages of their treatment. Moreover, it is being increasingly incorporated as an endpoint in various clinical trials. Since maintenance therapy is an integral part of myeloma treatment, especially in the upfront setting post autologous transplantation, it is imperative to understand the role of MRD testing in the maintenance stetting.

Developing an Online Education Resource to Enhance Physical Therapists' Use of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, and Other Related Identities Affirming Care: A Mixed Methods Study.

Introduction: The objective of this study is to develop and evaluate an evidence-based, clinically relevant, and user-friendly eLearning resource to facilitate the provision of safe and affirming physical therapy services for individuals with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, and other related identities or experiences (LGBTQIA+).

Review Of Literature: When accessing physical therapy, individuals who are LGBTQIA+ can experience assumptions, discrimination, discomfort, and encounter health professionals who lack knowledge about LGBTQIA+ health.

Subjects: Nine consumers and end-users participated in codesign and 20 physical therapists (evaluated the resource).

On the Mechanism of Light-Driven O Evolution by the Mn(III) Complex [Mn(salpd)(OH)] and Quinone.

In this study, we apply TD-DFT and DFT calculations to explore the mechanistic details of O evolution in an artificial system that closely resembles Photosystem II (PSII). The reaction involves mononuclear Mn(III) complex [Mn(salpd)(OH)] and -benzoquinone under light-driven conditions. Our calculations reveal that the Schiff-base ligand salpd plays a crucial role in several key steps of the reaction, including the light-mediated oxidation of [Mn(salpd)(OH)] to [Mn(salpd)(OH)] by -benzoquinone, the subsequent oxidation of [Mn(salpd)(OH)] to the key Mn(V) intermediate [Mn(salpd)(O)], and the critical O-O bond formation step.

Undescribed Hitherto Universal Properties of Isotherms of Excess Adsorption of Liquids and Gases. Connection of Peculiar Points of an Isotherm with Extremums of Its Curvature.

In the proposed paper, a new result is presented, which is as follows: the point on the equilibrium excess adsorption isotherm at which the rate of increase of concentration of a component in the adsorption phase reaches its mean value is the point at which the curvature of the isotherm takes its extreme value. This regularity also holds in the case of the adsorption of gases. This result is confirmed and valid for isotherms of various types.

Medication Management of Patients With Cancer Undergoing Surgery From Preadmission to Discharge: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review.

Aim(s): To identify and synthesise available evidence about regular medication management processes, from preadmission to discharge from hospital, in patients with cancer undergoing surgery.

Design: Mixed-methods systematic review.

Methods: Studies published from inception of each database until February 2023 were screened, utilising four main search concepts.

Characterization of academic output (h-index) by Australian urologists according to gender and rurality.

Background: As the number of practicing female urologists in Australia continues to increase alongside the academic development of the specialty, it is essential to examine how gender and rurality impact academic performance and expectations. This study aims to assess differences in h-index related to both gender and rurality among Australian urologists.

Methods: We identified all active, practicing Australian urologists through the Urological Society of Australia and New Zealand (USANZ) membership database.

The Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier as a Potential Entry Site for the SARS-CoV-2 Virus.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an RNA virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While SARS-CoV-2 primarily targets the lungs and airways, it can also infect other organs, including the central nervous system (CNS). The aim of this study was to investigate whether the choroid plexus could serve as a potential entry site for SARS-CoV-2 into the brain.

Paediatric breast disease and developmental breast cysts - reflection on 20 years of experience.

Introduction: Presentation with breast symptoms in the paediatric population is common but there is little existing literature on the workup and management of breast disease in this population.

Methods: Retrospective series of 140 cases of breast disease in the paediatric population managed by a single surgeon in Adelaide, South Australia between 2004 and 2024. Review of patient demographics, presentation, investigation, management and outcomes of various breast symptoms and pathologies using descriptive analysis.

Effect of Thickened Fluids on Swallowing Function in Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: Impact of Shear Rheology and Disorder Subtype.

Introduction: Fluid thickeners used in the management of oropharyngeal dysphagia exhibit non-Newtonian shear-thinning rheology, impacting their viscosity during deglutition. This study investigated how the rheological properties of thickened fluids affect pharyngeal swallowing parameters in patients with oropharyngeal motor disorders diagnosed by pharyngeal high-resolution manometry impedance (P-HRM-I).

Methods: Seventy-two patients (18-89 years) referred for P-HRM-I were diagnostically assessed with a 10 mL thin bolus.

Psychological Assessment and Motivations of Potential Donors Within the First Australian Uterine Transplant Trial.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the psychological characteristics, motivations and experiences of potential living donors assessed for the first uterus transplant (UTx) clinical trial in Australia.

Design: Mixed methods study.

Setting: Tertiary hospital.

Developing a co-designed, culturally responsive physical activity program for Pasifika communities in Western Sydney, Australia.

Pasifika communities in Western Sydney experience significant health disparities, particularly related to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular conditions and diabetes. Physical activity is known to improve both physical and mental health, yet access to culturally responsive physical activity programs for Pasifika communities is limited. This study leveraged expertise from an Advisory Committee to adopt community-based participatory research (CBPR) through Talanoa to co-design a physical activity program specifically tailored for Pasifika people in Western Sydney.

Physical activity-the past, present and potential future: a state-of-the-art review.

This is a state-of-the-art review of historical developments, current approaches and recommended future directions in physical activity (PA) research, practice and policy. Since the early epidemiological studies in the 1950s, PA research has developed from within a biomedical paradigm. There is now a strong evidence base linking PA with positive health outcomes.

Public disclosures of mental health problems on social media and audiences' self-reported anti-stigma effects.

Public disclosures of mental health problems on social media represent a potentially powerful informal avenue for increasing mental health literacy and reducing public stigma in relation to people with mental health problems. We investigated whether the audience reported any reduction in their own stigma toward people with mental health problems after exposure to disclosures. We also examined whether self-reported stigma reduction was associated with the characteristics of audience members, the disclosers and the disclosure messages.

Effect of a Medication Adherence Education Intervention on Clinical Outcomes in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study.

Background: Low adherence to Oral Antidiabetic Drugs (OADs) in adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) leads to complications, death, and increased healthcare costs.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of medication adherence education interventions for the clinical outcomes of adults with T2DM.

Materials And Methods: Seventy adults with T2DM from an outpatient clinic in the City of Ardabil, Iran, participated in this study.

Access to non-physician led Exercise Stress Echocardiography reduces wait times and improves consumer engagement.

The performing of non-physician led exercise stress testing with and without echocardiography has shown similar diagnostic utility and safety as physician led models. While diagnostic accuracy and relative safety have been the focus of previous research, the current study aims to demonstrate efficiencies not previously reported such as reduction in wait times for testing and improved service attendance. A non-physician led exercise stress echocardiography (ESE) service was implemented on 01/01/2018, prior to this all tests were performed under a physician led model.

Moral conflict and moral distress in veterinarians: a mixed-methods approach.

Veterinary professionals are often confronted with moral conflicts from which moral distress can develop. Moral distress can lead to a cascade of deleterious processes and outcomes including emotional anguish, distress, reduced patient care, and attrition from both the workplace and workforce. The current study established a pilot measure for moral distress in Australian veterinary clinicians, as well as reporting additional sources of moral and ethical conflicts in veterinary practice.

A systematic review of current national hospital-based stroke registries monitoring access to evidence-based care and patient outcomes.

Background: National stroke clinical quality registries/audits support improvements in stroke care. In a 2016 systematic review, 28 registries were identified. Since 2016 there have been important advances in stroke care, including the development of thrombectomy services.

Molecular evidence for the role of the ovipositor of the fall armyworm: Where to lay or not to lay?

Oviposition behavior in insects has received considerable attention, but studies have mainly focused on the antennae, neglecting the role of the ovipositor. In this study, we investigated the functional characteristics of the ovipositor in oviposition site selection by the fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda, a destructive invasive pest of maize and other cereals. In oviposition choice assays females exhibited significant repellency to isothiocyanate (ITC), volatiles specific to non-preferred cruciferous plants.

Plastics in dermatology: A review and solutions.

Hazards to human and planetary health are present at every stage of the plastic life cycle, yet plastic production is projected to triple by 2060. This review focuses on three key areas: the life cycle of plastic, the impact of microplastics and their associated chemicals, along with recommendations to reduce plastic use. In dermatology, micro- and nanoplastics are especially problematic as they are present in over 90% of personal care products.

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Endovascular vs. Surgical Treatment in Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Study Design: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of surgical and endovascular treatments for SDAVFs.

Summary Of Background Data: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) result from an abnormal connection between the radiculomeningeal artery and the radicular vein, leading to venous hypertension and potential neurological damage.

Clinical Features and Risks of Congenital Melanocytic Naevi: A Retrospective Analysis of Patients at the Queensland Children's Hospital.

Background/objectives: Congenital melanocytic naevi (CMN) are a risk factor for melanoma. Melanoma risk is dependent on the congenital phenotype. Our primary aims were to assess the clinical characteristics of CMN that indicate a high risk of neurocutaneous melanosis (NCM) and melanoma in an Australian paediatric population group; to identify patient characteristics and clinical features of CMN that trigger further investigations; and to determine the rate of malignancy and other complications for CMN.

Differential activation of defense responses in cucumbers by adapted versus non-adapted lineages of the cotton-melon aphid.

Background: The cotton-melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, is a polyphagous pest damaging plants across over 100 families. It has multiple host-specialized lineages, including one colonizing Malvaceae (MA) and one colonizing Cucurbitaceae (CU). The mechanisms underlying these host relationships remain unknown.

Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide - new insights into gut microbiota and male infertility through meta-analysis.

Background: Ammonia (NH) and hydrogen sulfide (HS) are produced during digestion in the human gut, yet the impact of these internally generated gases on male reproduction have received limited attention in scientific research.

Methods: We systematically reviewed 935 scientific publications, spanning from 1947 to 2023, focusing on external or internal NH and/or HS, male infertility, and gut microbiota. Meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the summary relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of combined studies.