Transcriptomic and Biochemical analysis of Procambarus clarkii upon exposure to Pesticides: Population-Specific responses as a sign of pollutant resistance?

The effects that anthropogenic stressors may have on modulating species' plasticity has been relatively unexplored; however, it represents a scientific frontier that may offer insights into their ability to colonize new habitats. To explore the advantage that inhabiting polluted environments may offer to invasive species, we selected the crayfish Procambarus clarkii, a species that can colonize and thrive in a wide range of aquatic environments, including heavily polluted ones. Here, we studied the molecular and physiological responses of crayfish when experimentally exposed to a pesticide mix of azoxystrobin and oxadiazon at sublethal concentrations.

Study protocol for the Healthy Family Program on population blood pressure: a multicenter, parallel group, cluster randomized, controlled trial in rural China.

Background: We aim to determine the effectiveness of a community-based, health instructor led, multifaceted family intervention, as compared with usual care, on blood pressure (BP) management among Chinese rural residents, with or without hypertension.

Methods/design: The Healthy Family Program is a cluster randomized controlled trial being undertaken in 80 villages (each with approximately 100 residents) with a target to enroll a total of 8000 older adults (aged 40-80 years). Villages were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either an intervention group to receive multifaceted strategies or a control group to continue with usual standard of care.

Sibling similarity in telomere length in Adélie penguin chicks.

Early life telomere length is thought to influence and predict an individual's fitness. It has been shown to vary significantly in early life compared to adulthood. Investigating the factors influencing telomere length in young individuals is therefore of particular interest, especially as the relative importance of heredity compared to post-natal conditions remains largely uncertain.

THE INDIVIDUAL FIBRINOLYTIC CAPACITY PREDICTS EFFICACY OF ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED CATHETER-DIRECTED THROMBOLYSIS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE PULMONARY EMBOLISM.

Background: Ultrasound-assisted catheter-directed thrombolysis (USAT) is nowadays available as an alternative reperfusion approach for acute pulmonary embolism (PE). The lytic agent recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) activates the effector protease plasmin to induce fibrinolysis. The aim of this study was to identify predictive markers for the efficacy of USAT in patients with acute PE.

Key Standards and Principles for Developing Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines: Balancing Health Professional, Patient, Funder, and Government Needs.

Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are critical tools to inform healthcare decision-making, yet development faces significant challenges in ensuring rigorous, reliable, and globally applicable recommendations. This review examines the essential standards and evolving approaches for creating high-quality, evidence-based guidelines that can effectively support clinical practice across diverse healthcare settings. Key standards for high-quality CPG development emerge from leading global health organizations, emphasizing several critical components - establishing a multidisciplinary development group, defining a clear and relevant scope, conducting systematic evidence reviews and meta-analyses, and ensuring transparency throughout the development process.

The Influence of Relative Age and Biological Maturity on Youth Weightlifting Performance.

Purpose: Relative age effects and biological maturation are common biases within youth talent identification and development programs; however, their respective influence on youth weightlifting is unknown.

Method: Skeletal age, determined from ultrasonography, and competitive total loads (kg) were collected in 49 national age group weightlifters (boys: n = 24, age = 13.8 [2.

Current trends and future potential in the detection of avian coronaviruses: An emphasis on sensors-based technologies.

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), an avian coronavirus, member of the genus Gammacoronavirus, poses significant threats to poultry health, causing severe respiratory, reproductive, and renal infections. The genetic diversity of IBV, driven by mutations, recombination and deletions, has led to the emergence of numerous serotypes and genotypes, complicating both diagnosis and control measures. Rapid and accurate diagnostic tools are essential for effective disease management and minimizing economic losses.

Airborne personal protective equipment availability and preparedness in Australian and New Zealand intensive care units: A point prevalence survey.

Background: Personal protective equipment is essential to protect healthcare workers when exposed to aerosol-generating procedures in patients with airborne respiratory pathogens.

Aim: This study aimed to provide information regarding the level of airborne protection offered to nursing staff and other healthcare workers in Australian and New Zealand intensive care units (ICUs) 1 year into the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, ICUs in Australia and New Zealand were asked to participate in the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Clinical Trials Group Point Prevalence Program in June 2021.

The effect of run duration, gait variable and Lyapunov exponent algorithm on the inter-session reliability of local dynamic stability in healthy young people.

Local dynamic stability (LDS) of gait has been used to differentiate between healthy and injured populations, establishing its potential as an indicator of healthy gait and a new objective measure to assess gait function following injury. For LDS to be a reliable assessment tool of healthy gait progression during rehabilitation, it must provide consistent and sensitive inter-session measures. Methodological factors such as trial duration, gait variable, and Lyapunov Exponent (LyE) algorithm can influence LDS estimation and its reliability.

Baseline predictors of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in hospitalised adult burn survivors: A longitudinal, prospective cohort study.

Background: Depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are becoming more prevalent among post-burn populations. With the increase in awareness of the significance of psychosocial injury adjustment for holistic health-related quality of life, beyond just physical, occupational, and functional recovery. However, the incidence of depression and PTSD in the adult population is inconsistent across published studies.

Diffusion transformer-augmented fMRI functional connectivity for enhanced autism spectrum disorder diagnosis.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is often modeled as networks of Regions of Interest (ROIs) and their functional connectivity to study brain functions and mental disorders. Limited fMRI data due to high acquisition costs hampers recognition model performance. We aim to address this issue using generative diffusion models for data augmentation.

Discriminatory power of trabeculectomy bleb internal reflectivity and morphology in surgical success using anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

Background: The post-operative evaluation of trabeculectomy blebs has traditionally relied on subjective clinical grading systems performed at the slit-lamp. This study explores the use of swept source anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) to objectively measure bleb internal reflectivity and morphology, and to distinguish blebs with surgical success vs. failure.

Women and birth partners' experiences of cervical ripening at home and in hospital.

Background: In the United Kingdom, induction of labour rates are rapidly rising, and around a third of pregnant women undergo the procedure. The first stage, cervical ripening, traditionally carried out in hospital, is increasingly offered outpatient - or 'at home'. The current induction of labour rates place considerable demand on maternity services and impact women's experiences of care, and at home cervical ripening has been suggested as potential solution for alleviating these.

Caerin 1.1/1.9-mediated antitumor immunity depends on IFNAR-Stat1 signalling of tumour infiltrating macrophage by autocrine IFNα and is enhanced by CD47 blockade.

Previously, we demonstrated that natural host-defence peptide caerin 1.1/caerin 1.9 (F1/F3) increases the efficacy of anti-PD-1 and therapeutic vaccine, in a HPV16 + TC-1 tumour model, but the anti-tumor mechanism of F1/F3 is still unclear.

Fire-driven disruptions of global soil biochemical relationships.

Fires alter the stability of organic matter and promote soil erosion which threatens the fundamental coupling of soil biogeochemical cycles. Yet, how soil biogeochemistry and its environmental drivers respond to fire remain virtually unknown globally. Here, we integrate experimental observations and random forest model, and reveal significant divergence in the responses of soil biogeochemical attributes to fire, including soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) contents worldwide.

Psychiatrists' Attitude Towards Smoking Cessation Support (PATSS): Exploring Psychometric Properties of the Measurement Tool.

The attitude of psychiatrists plays a crucial role in screening and supporting smoking cessation, especially with people with serious mental illness (SMI). The development of an attitude scale can improve the success of quitting among people with SMI. This study aimed to develop and test the psychometric properties of psychiatrists' attitudes toward smoking cessation support (PATSS).

Negative Reactions to Positive Gender Stereotypes: Different Levels of Positivity Elicit Similar Negative Reactions.

Positive stereotypes may elicit targets' negative reactions, but it is not well understood whether targets react differently to various levels of such stereotypes. Two studies examined targets' negative reactions to various levels of positive gender stereotypes. Chinese students were recruited as participants (N = 1204), who were randomly assigned to the somewhat, moderately, or extremely positive gender stereotype conditions or the control condition.

Does orthokeratology contact lens wear suppress the immune cell response in the human corneal epithelium, while soft contact lens wear enhances it?

Background: Orthokeratology (OK) contact lenses are increasingly prescribed for myopia control but their impact on corneal epithelial immune cells (CEIC) is unclear. This study compares CEIC in OK wearers to soft contact lens (SCL) wearers and non-wearers.

Methods: In vivo confocal microscope images at the corneal central and mid-peripheral subbasal level were evaluated in 18 OK wearers, 18 SCL wearers and 18 non-wearers (mean age 27.

Protective factors for psychological wellbeing: A cross-sectional study of young people attending an urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander primary healthcare service.

Objective: This study aimed to measure associations between protective factors associated with positive psychological outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth living in an urban area.

Methods: Our primary outcome was the absence of psychological distress, reflecting a positive-outcome approach to analyse health assessment data, using modified Poisson regression, from a cohort of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth aged 15 to 24 years attending an urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health service (2016-2021).

Results: Health assessments from 710 participants were analysed, with 72.

Tolerability and effectiveness of face-masks in reducing cough aerosols for children with cystic fibrosis.

Background: People with cystic fibrosis (CF) are recommended to wear face-masks when in healthcare settings. We previously demonstrated that face-masks significantly reduce the release of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) aerosols during coughing in adults with CF.

Amyloid Targeting-Gold Nanoparticles-Assisted X-ray Therapy Rescues Islet β-Cells from Amyloid Fibrils and Restores Insulin Homeostasis.

Type-2-diabetes is a metabolic disorder where misfolding and oligomerization of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) around islet-β cells oligomerizes and participates in the pathology. The oligomeric stage is toxic but transitory and leads to the formation of mature amyloid fibrils. The pathological specifics of mature amyloid fibrils are poorly understood.