Investigating changes in connected speech in nonfluent/agrammatic primary progressive aphasia following script training.

Script training is a speech-language intervention designed to promote fluent connected speech via repeated rehearsal of functional content. This type of treatment has proven beneficial for individuals with aphasia and apraxia of speech caused by stroke and, more recently, for individuals with primary progressive aphasia (PPA). In the largest study to-date evaluating the efficacy of script training in individuals with nonfluent/agrammatic primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA; Henry et al.

Pathology and risk stratification-based evaluation of ovarian masses on MRI.

Characterisation of an indeterminate ovarian mass is important as it guides management and clinical outcomes. Ultrasound is the first-line modality in the assessment of ovarian tumours. When ovarian masses are indeterminate on ultrasound, MRI provides excellent resolution in tissue characterisation and enhancement patterns.

Preoperative surgical planning MRI for fibroids: What the surgeon needs to know and what to report.

Uterine leiomyomata, commonly known as fibroids, are prevalent benign tumours affecting a significant percentage of women of reproductive age. Although many patients remain asymptomatic, a substantial proportion experience severe symptoms, including abnormal uterine bleeding and adverse reproductive outcomes. Surgical intervention often becomes necessary for patients with symptomatic fibroids, despite advancements in medical therapies.

Validation of Risk Prediction Models for Pneumothorax and Intercostal Catheter Insertion Following CT-Guided Lung Biopsy.

Background: CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy is the primary method for diagnosing lung lesions. Widely accepted validated risk prediction models are yet to be developed. A recently published study conducted at Grampians Health Services (GHS) developed two risk prediction models for predicting pneumothorax and intercostal catheter (ICC) insertion.

Flexible progestin-primed ovarian stimulation versus a GnRH antagonist protocol in predicted suboptimal responders undergoing freeze-all cycles: a randomized non-inferiority trial.

Study Question: Are live birth rates (LBRs) per woman following flexible progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (fPPOS) treatment non-inferior to LBRs per woman following the conventional GnRH-antagonist protocol in expected suboptimal responders undergoing freeze-all cycles in assisted reproduction treatment?

Summary Answer: In women expected to have a suboptimal response, the 12-month likelihood of live birth with the fPPOS treatment did not achieve the non-inferiority criteria when compared to the standard GnRH antagonist protocol for IVF/ICSI treatment with a freeze-all strategy.

What Is Known Already: The standard PPOS protocol is effective for ovarian stimulation, where medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is conventionally administered in the early follicular phase for ovulatory suppression. Recent retrospective cohort studies on donor cycles have shown the potential to prevent premature ovulation and maintain oocyte yields by delaying the administration of MPA until the midcycle (referred to as fPPOS), similar to GnRH antagonist injections.

Real-World Treatment Patterns and Healthcare Resource Use for Patients with Myelofibrosis: Results from the METER Study.

Myelofibrosis (MF) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm that was most commonly treated with hydroxyurea (HU) prior to approval of ruxolitinib (RUX), now the standard of care. Factors that influence changes in MF treatment in real-world settings are not well understood. The METER study (NCT05444972) was a multi-country retrospective chart review of MF treatment patterns, treatment effectiveness, and healthcare resource utilization.

Values associated with Nordic Walking: An international cross-sectional survey among individuals practicing walking with poles.

Introduction: The article is devoted to the sociological exploration of the social phenomenon that Nordic Walking has become in Europe and worldwide over the recent decades.

Aim: It is based on the results of original international sociological research study on the issue of sociodemographic profiles of Nordic Walkers in the context of the values associated with this sports activity.

Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative study with convenience sampling study was performed among 416 Poles, 132 Europeans from 11 countries (Germany, the UK, Spain, France, Italy, Portugal, Ireland, Denmark, Austria, Sweden, and Norway), and 212 participants from 5 non-European countries (the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan).

Modern contraceptive utilization and associated factors among street working reproductive age women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Street women are women, who make their living on the streets by begging, sleeping in the streets, or on the sides of roads. They are the most marginalized and neglected segment of society, with little access to health care, including modern contraception, and a lack of knowledge about health services, particularly in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to examine modern contraceptive utilization and associated factors among street women.

Implementing digital respiratory technologies for people with respiratory conditions: A protocol for a scoping review.

The value of 'data-enabled', digital healthcare is evolving rapidly, as demonstrated in the COVID-19 pandemic, and its successful implementation remains complex and challenging. Harmonisation (within/between healthcare systems) of infrastructure and implementation strategies has the potential to promote safe, equitable and accessible digital healthcare, but guidance for implementation is lacking. Using respiratory technologies as an example, our scoping review process will capture and review the published research between 12th December 2013 to 12th December 2023.

Non-adherence, discontinuation, and seroconversion among people on daily HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in Brazil: a nationwide cohort study.

The goal of this study was to evaluate characteristics associated with Pre-exposure Prophylaxis for HIV infection (PrEP) non-adherence or discontinuation in Brazil and assess the association between these outcomes and HIV seroconversion. We used linked national dispensing and pathology data to identify people aged 14+ years initiating PrEP in 2018. We estimated non-adherence using the proportion of days covered (PDC), defining non-adherence as PDC < 60%.

Achieving better engagement with care and support for young people living with HIV in Australia: a mixed-method enquiry.

Young people aged 18-29 are considered "adult" within the Australian HIV health service context. However, evidence increasingly defines this age group as distinct from the broader adult population such that the needs of young people living with HIV may be overlooked in the context of HIV service design and delivery. This analysis draws on the Young + Positive study, a national study in Australia that documented the perspectives of young people (aged 18-29) living with HIV.

Genetic Association of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis With Adult Rheumatic Disease.

Importance: Patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) may develop adult rheumatic diseases later in life, and prolonged or recurrent disease activity is often associated with substantial disability; therefore, it is important to identify patients with JIA at high risk of developing adult rheumatic diseases and provide specialized attention and preventive care to them.

Objective: To elucidate the full extent of the genetic association of JIA with adult rheumatic diseases, to improve treatment strategies and patient outcomes for patients at high risk of developing long-term rheumatic diseases.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this genetic association study of 4 disease genome-wide association study (GWAS) cohorts from 2013 to 2024 (JIA, rheumatoid arthritis [RA], systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE], and systemic sclerosis [SSc]), patients in the JIA cohort were recruited from the US, Australia, and Norway (with a UK cohort included in the meta-analyzed cohort), while patients in the other 3 cohorts were recruited from US and Western European countries.

Geographic and socioeconomic disparities in mortality burden attributable to long-term exposure to NO across 231 cities in China from 2015 to 2019.

Research on geographic and socioeconomic disparities of NO attributed mortality burden is limited. This study aims to quantify the geographic and socioeconomic differences in the association between long-term exposure to NO and mortality burden in China. We estimated the all-cause mortality burden of adults over 16 years old attributable to NO exposure above 10 µg/m for 231 Chinese cities from 2015 to 2019, and geographic and socioeconomic differences .

Application of Proteomic Methods in Oomycete Biology.

The biochemical makeup of any organism provides insight into key factors regarding its biological functions. These factors can be explored using proteomics, which allows us to obtain a snapshot of the protein content and abundance in an organism, cell type or sub-cellular compartment. Here, we describe proteomic methodologies that can be used to dissect the biochemical mechanism of phytopathogenicity in oomycetes.

Anti-VEGF therapy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Kearns-Sayre syndrome.

Purpose: Multiple mitochondrial syndromes, such as Kearns-Sayre, involve the concurrence of diabetes mellitus and inherited pigmentary retinopathy. It is rare, however, for proliferative disease to develop in these patients as existing inner retinal dysfunction is thought to be protective.

Methods: To our knowledge this is the first description of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in Kearns-Sayre syndrome.

Inflammation of adenohypophysis is commonly associated with headache in surgically managed Rathke's cleft cysts.

Purpose: Rathke's cleft cysts (RCC) are present in up to 20% of autopsy studies but only a minority necessitate surgical treatment. Inflammation of RCC is thought to be significant in three processes: the development of classical symptoms, a predisposition to rupture or apoplexy, and increasing the rate of RCC recurrence. We aim to characterize clinical presentation, histological and radiological findings in patients with surgically managed RCC.

Eating disorders and disordered eating symptoms in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Eating disorders (EDs) are among the least studied mental disorders in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P). The primary aim (a) of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify factors predicting ED diagnoses in CHR-P individuals. The secondary aim (b) was providing a comprehensive clinical description of individuals with both CHR-P and EDs/ED-related symptoms.

A stratified treatment algorithm in psychiatry: a program on stratified pharmacogenomics in severe mental illness (Psych-STRATA): concept, objectives and methodologies of a multidisciplinary project funded by Horizon Europe.

Schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar (BD) and major depression disorder (MDD) are severe psychiatric disorders that are challenging to treat, often leading to treatment resistance (TR). It is crucial to develop effective methods to identify and treat patients at risk of TR at an early stage in a personalized manner, considering their biological basis, their clinical and psychosocial characteristics. Effective translation of theoretical knowledge into clinical practice is essential for achieving this goal.

Extreme Heat Stress and Unplanned Hospital Admissions.

Objectives: The burden and health impact of heat stress on child hospitalization is limited. This study aims to investigate associations between extreme heat stress exposure based on a Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), emergency department (ED) visits, and ED visits that translate into unplanned hospital admissions.

Methods: This population-based case-crossover study included all ED visits and unplanned hospital admissions among children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years from New South Wales, Australia, from July 2001 to June 2020.

The Potential of Targeting APE1/Ref-1 as a Therapeutic Intervention for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Inflammation and oxidative stress play crucial roles in the development and progression of skeletal muscle diseases. This review aims to examine the existing evidence regarding the involvement and inhibition of APE1/Ref-1 (apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor 1) in diseases, then extrapolate this evidence to the context of skeletal muscle and discuss the potential beneficial effects of APE1/Ref-1 inhibition in ameliorating myopathy with a particular focus on dystrophic pathology. Currently, therapeutic interventions targeting pathways, such as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), have shown limited efficacy in both clinical and preclinical settings.