Shade match comparison of CAD-CAM single crowns to a lithium disilicate crown.

Purpose: To assess the shade match ability of four varieties of all-ceramic crowns to a neighboring bilayered lithium disilicate crown.

Material And Methods: A dentiform was used to fabricate a bilayered lithium disilicate crown on the maxillary right central incisor, following the anatomy and shade of a selected natural tooth. Two crowns (one full-contour, one cutback) were then designed on a prepared maxillary left central incisor, following the contour of the neighboring crown.

Use of micro-CT to examine effects of heat on coronal obturation.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to categorize the effects of heat on coronal obturation with gutta-percha and sealer using X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).

Methods: Ten single-rooted, extracted human teeth were shaped using ProTaper NEXT files to size X5 (#50/Taper 6%) with 2.5% NaOCl irrigation.

Microbial Colonization and Inflammation as Potential Contributors to the Lack of Therapeutic Success in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

This review discusses the microenvironment of evolving and established conventional oral squamous cell carcinoma, by far the most common oral cancer. The focus of this paper is mainly on the more recent data that describe the role of microorganisms, host-microbial interactions, and in particular, the contributions of cell-surface toll-like receptors on immune system cells and on normal and malignant epithelial cells to their functions that support carcinogenesis. Because carcinomas arising at various host surfaces share much in common, additional information available from studies of other carcinomas is included in the discussion.

Coronal and apical leakage among five endodontic sealers.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to use dye penetration to measure apical and coronal leakage simultaneously in single-canal teeth that had been treated endodontically using a single-cone obturation technique.

Methods: One hundred single-canal, extracted human teeth were cleaned and shaped with ProTaper NEXT rotary files to size-X5 (50/.06), then randomly assigned to five sealer groups for single-cone gutta-percha obturation.

Micro CT pilot evaluation of removability of two endodontic sealers.

Purpose: This study compared the removability of AH Plus and EndoSequence BC sealers using in vitro micro-computed tomography.

Methods: Ten single-canal, extracted human teeth were cleaned and shaped with ProTaper NEXT rotary files to size X5 (50/0.06) (Dentsply-Sirona).

Micro-computed tomographic evaluation of single-cone obturation with three sealers.

Objectives: This study used micro-computed tomography (µCT) to compare voids and interfaces in single-cone obturation among AH Plus, EndoSequence BC, and prototype surface pre-reacted glass ionomer (S-PRG) sealers and to determine the percentage of sealer contact at the dentin and gutta-percha (GP) interfaces.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen single-rooted human teeth were shaped using ProTaper NEXT size X5 rotary files using 2.5% NaOCl irrigation.

Ion Release From Prototype Surface Pre-Reacted Glass Ionomer (S-PRG) Sealer and EndoSequence BC Sealer.

Objective: Bioactive ions, when incorporated in an endodontic sealer, can contribute to the long-term success of endodontic therapy by combating the re-infection of a tooth and promoting the healing of the periapical bone. The objective of this study was to measure the release of boron, strontium, and silicon ions from surface pre-reacted glass ionomer (S-PRG) filler containing prototype endodontic sealer over a sustained period in comparison to EndoSequence BC sealer in a simulated clinical model using extracted human teeth in vitro.

Methods: Twelve extracted human anterior teeth were instrumented using ProTaper Next (Dentsply Sirona, Johnson City, TN, USA) files up to size X3 (#30/variable taper) with copious 2.

Factors Affecting Predictability of Buccal Bone Augmentation in Surgically Facilitated Orthodontic Treatment: Surgical Considerations.

The purpose of surgically facilitated orthodontic treatment (SFOT) is to increase and thicken the periodontal biotype, including both hard and soft tissue, and facilitate accelerated tooth movement through the induction of the regional acceleratory phenomenon. This article discusses the surgical and biomaterial factors related to increased predictability of bone augmentation when performing this pre-orthodontic surgical technique. Critical surgery-related factors of SFOT that will be examined include incision and flap design and closure, the depth and location of corticotomies, surgical trauma, augmentation protocols, and postoperative considerations.

Comprehensive review of current endodontic sealers.

Endodontic sealers for non-surgical root canal treatment (NSRCT) span many compositions and attributes. This comprehensive review discusses current types of endodontic sealers by their setting reaction type, composition, and properties: zinc oxide-eugenol, salicylate, fatty acid, glass ionomer, silicone, epoxy resin, tricalcium silicate, and methacrylate resin sealers. Setting time, solubility, sealing ability, antimicrobial, biocompatibility, and cytotoxicity are all aspects key to the performance of endodontic sealers.

Factors Affecting Predictability of Buccal Bone Augmentation in Surgically Facilitated Orthodontic Treatment: Etiological Considerations.

Pre-orthodontic surgical techniques such as surgically facilitated orthodontic treatment (SFOT) are intended to increase bone volume while reducing the incidence of induced gingival recession. SFOT aims to enhance and thicken the periodontal biotype, including both hard and soft tissue, and facilitate accelerated tooth movement through the induction of the regional acceleratory phenomenon. This article reviews different variables and critical etiological factors that may affect the predictability of generating buccal bone during SFOT and should be diagnosed and addressed prior to combined surgical-orthodontic treatment.

Enhancing Periodontal Regenerative Outcomes With Simultaneous Orthodontic Tooth Movement.

Periodontal regeneration of lost tissue, including periodontal ligament (PDL), cementum, and bone, has evolved with regard to surgical techniques, biomaterials, and growth factors. Simultaneous orthodontic therapy and periodontal surgical treatment has been documented previously and shown to enhance the regenerative outcome due to stimulation of the PDL by tooth movement. This combined strategy is becoming increasingly common as clinicians explore the capabilities of a collaborative approach.

Periodontal manifestations of systemic diseases and developmental and acquired conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 3 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions.

Background: A variety of systemic diseases and conditions can affect the course of periodontitis or have a negative impact on the periodontal attachment apparatus. Gingival recessions are highly prevalent and often associated with hypersensitivity, the development of caries and non-carious cervical lesions on the exposed root surface and impaired esthetics. Occlusal forces can result in injury of teeth and periodontal attachment apparatus.

Manifestations of systemic diseases and conditions that affect the periodontal attachment apparatus: Case definitions and diagnostic considerations.

Objectives: This review proposes case definitions and diagnostic considerations of systemic disorders and conditions that affect the periodontal attachment apparatus.

Importance: Periodontal diseases and certain systemic disorders share similar genetic and/or environmental etiological factors, and affected patients may show manifestations of both diseases. Characterizing these diseases and the nature of the association between them could have important diagnostic value and therapeutic implications for patients.

Periodontal manifestations of systemic diseases and developmental and acquired conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 3 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions.

Background: A variety of systemic diseases and conditions can affect the course of periodontitis or have a negative impact on the periodontal attachment apparatus. Gingival recessions are highly prevalent and often associated with hypersensitivity, the development of caries and non-carious cervical lesions on the exposed root surface and impaired esthetics. Occlusal forces can result in injury of teeth and periodontal attachment apparatus.

Manifestations of systemic diseases and conditions that affect the periodontal attachment apparatus: Case definitions and diagnostic considerations.

Objectives: This review proposes case definitions and diagnostic considerations of systemic disorders and conditions that affect the periodontal attachment apparatus.

Importance: Periodontal diseases and certain systemic disorders share similar genetic and/or environmental etiological factors, and affected patients may show manifestations of both diseases. Characterizing these diseases and the nature of the association between them could have important diagnostic value and therapeutic implications for patients.

Microleakage around zirconia crown margins after ultrasonic scaling with self-adhesive resin or resin modified glass ionomer cement.

Objectives: To measure microleakage around zirconia crown margins cemented with self-adhesive resin or resin modified glass ionomer (RMGI) cement after ultrasonic scaling.

Methods: 16 molars were prepared for crowns (margin 0.5 mm coronal of cementum-enamel junction).

Bone tissue response following local drug delivery of bisphosphonate through titanium oxide nanotube implants in a rabbit model.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether surface chemistry-controlled TiO nanotube structures may serve as a local drug delivery system for zoledronic acid improving implant-bone support.

Methods: Twenty-four screw-shaped Ti implants with surface chemistry-controlled TiO nanotube structures were prepared and divided into a zoledronic acid-formatted test and a native control group. The implants were inserted into contra-lateral femoral condyles in 12 New Zealand White rabbits.

Periodontal and endodontic pathology delays extraction socket healing in a canine model.

Purpose: The aim of the present exploratory study was to evaluate extraction socket healing at sites with a history of periodontal and endodontic pathology.

Methods: The mandibular 4th premolar teeth in 5 adult beagle dogs served as experimental units. Periodontal and endodontic lesions were induced in 1 premolar site in each animal using wire ligatures and pulpal exposure over 3 months (diseased sites).

Sinus augmentation using a mini-pig model: Effect of ceramic and allogeneic bone biomaterials.

Background: Present clinical practice broadly relies on off-the-shelf allogeneic, xenogeneic or synthetic bone biomaterials in support of sinus augmentation. Also, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 in an absorbable collagen sponge carrier (rhBMP-2/ACS) has been shown to support clinically relevant bone formation when used to augment the maxillary sinus.

Objectives: To evaluate local bone formation/dental implant osseointegration following implantation of two particulate bone biomaterials using the mini-pig sinus augmentation model.

Effect of blue and violet light on polymerization shrinkage vectors of a CQ/TPO-containing composite.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of light-curing wavelengths on composite filler particle displacement, and thus to visualize localized polymerization shrinkage in a resin-based composite (RBC) containing camphorquinone (CQ) and Lucirin TPO (TPO).

Methods: Three light-curing units (LCUs) were used to light-cure a RBC containing CQ and TPO: a violet-only, a blue-only, and a dual-wavelength, conventional (Polywave, emitting violet and blue wavelengths simultaneously). Zirconia fillers were added to the RBC to act as filler particle displacement tracers.

Should PGY-1 Be Mandatory in Dental Education? Two Viewpoints: Viewpoint 1: PGY-1 Provides Benefits That Support Making It Mandatory and Viewpoint 2: PGY-1 Should Be Available for Dental Graduates But Not Mandatory.

This Point/Counterpoint considers whether a general dentistry postgraduate year one (PGY-1) residency should be required for all new graduates who do not pursue specialty training. Currently, New York and Delaware require PGY-1 for dental licensure, while other states offer it as an alternative to a clinical examination for obtaining licensure. Viewpoint 1 supports the position that PGY-1 should be mandatory by presenting evidence that PGY-1 residencies fulfill new graduates' need for additional clinical training, enhance their professionalism and practice management skills, and improve access to care.

Microleakage around Class V Composite Restorations after Ultrasonic Scaling and Sonic Toothbrushing around their Margin.

Objectives: To measure microleakage around class V composite restorations after piezoelectric ultrasonic scaling and sonic toothbrushing.

Methods: 3 mm × 2 mm × 1.5 mm boxes were prepared on buccal and lingual surfaces of extracted molars centered on the cementum-enamel junction.

Etiology and pathogenesis of oral lichen planus: an overview.

Oral lichen planus is a noninfectious, chronic inflammatory condition that involves the oral mucosal stratified squamous epithelium and the underlying lamina propria and may be accompanied by skin lesions. This overview describes the current understanding of the immunopathologic mechanisms implicated in oral lichen planus.