Linking tumor immune infiltration to enhanced longevity in recurrence-free breast cancer.

Background: The infiltration of tumor-infiltrating B cells and plasma cells in early-stage breast cancer has been associated with a reduced risk of distant metastasis. However, the influence of B-cell tumor infiltration on overall patient survival remains unclear.

Materials And Methods: This study explored the relationship between an antitumor immune response, measured by a 14-gene B-cell/immunoglobulin (IGG) signature, and mortality risk in 9638 breast cancer patients across three datasets.

From Genetics to Psychosocial Functioning: Unraveling the Mediating Roles of Cognitive Reserve, Cognition, and Negative Symptoms in First-Episode Psychosis.

Background: Studies have shown associations between polygenic risk scores for educational attainment (PRS), cognitive reserve (CR), cognition, negative symptoms (NS), and psychosocial functioning in first-episode psychosis (FEP). However, their specific interactions remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mediating roles of CR, cognition, and NS in the relationship between PRS and psychosocial functioning one year after a FEP.

HER2DX genomic test in early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer.

Therapies targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer significantly impact patient outcomes, quality of life, and health care systems. While chemotherapy and trastuzumab improve survival in early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer, variability in clinical and biological characteristics leads to different response to therapies and outcomes. Clinical guidelines provide general recommendations, but significant uncertainty persists in identifying an optimal treatment plan for individual patients.

Prognostic value of residual disease (RD) biology and gene expression changes during the neoadjuvant treatment in patients with HER2+ early breast cancer (EBC).

Background: In HER2+ early breast cancer (EBC), we investigated tumor and immune changes during neoadjuvant treatment and their impact on residual disease (RD) biology and prognostic implications across 4 neoadjuvant studies of trastuzumab with or without lapatinib, and with or without chemotherapy: CALGB 40601, PAMELA, NeoALTTO and NSABP B-41.

Patients And Methods: We compared tumor and immune gene expression changes during neoadjuvant treatment and their association with with event-free survival (EFS) by uni- and multivariable Cox regression models in different cohorts and timepoints: 452 RD samples at baseline including 169 with a paired RD, and biomarker changes during neoadjuvant therapy, evaluating model performance via the c-index.

Results: Analysis of 169 paired tumor samples revealed a shift in intrinsic subtype proportions from HER2-Enriched at baseline (50.

Identifying predictors of treatment response and molecular changes induced by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and endocrine therapy in hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer: the NEOENDO translational study.

Background: Predictors of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and endocrine therapy (NET) in hormone receptor-positive (HoR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer (BC) are required. Also, pathological and molecular changes induced by both strategies and their impact on patients' outcomes have not been reported so far.

Patients And Methods: In a cohort of 186 patients with early-stage HoR+/HER2-negative BC treated with NACT or NET, we assessed the association of baseline main clinicopathological features and PAM50 gene expression (GE), intrinsic subtypes (IS) and risk-of-relapse (ROR-P) score with pathological outcomes according to treatment strategy.

Palbociclib and letrozole for hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative breast cancer with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

With the incorporation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in early breast cancer (BC), a better identification of biomarkers is needed. The PROMETEO II trial aimed to evaluate the antitumor activity of palbociclib plus letrozole and to identify response biomarkers in patients with operable HR+/HER2- BC and residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The primary endpoint was the rate of complete cell cycle arrest (CCCA), centrally determined by Ki67 ≤ 2.

Clinical Relevance of Different Loads of Perivascular Spaces According to Their Localization in Patients with a Recent Small Subcortical Infarct.

: Perivascular spaces (PVS) are usually enlarged in small vessel disease (SVD). However, the significance of PVS patterns in different locations is uncertain. Hence, we analyzed the distribution of PVS in patients with a recent small subcortical infarct (RSSI) and their correlation with clinical and imaging factors.

Predicting Additional Metastases in Axillary Lymph Node Dissection After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Ratio of Positive/Total Sentinel Nodes.

Background/objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the clinical value of the sentinel lymph node ratio (SLN-R) in predicting additional positive lymph nodes during axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in breast cancer patients following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed at a single institution evaluating data from 1521 BC patients. Inclusion criteria comprised cT1/cT4, cN0/cN1 status with positive post-NAC axillary staging by SLN/TAD, respectively, and subsequent ALND.

Breakfast energy intake and dietary quality and trajectories of cardiometabolic risk factors in older adults.

Objectives: Not skipping breakfast is associated with a better overall diet quality and lower cardiometabolic risk. However, the impact of calorie intake and dietary quality of breakfast on cardiovascular health remains unexplored. We aimed to study the associations between breakfast energy intake and quality and time trajectories of cardiometabolic traits in high cardiovascular risk participants.

Delivering an innovative multi-infection and female genital mutilation screening to high-risk migrant populations (ISMiHealth): study protocol of a cluster randomised controlled trial with embedded process evaluation.

Introduction: ISMiHealth is a clinical decision support system, integrated as a software tool in the electronic health record system of primary care, that aims to improve the screening performance on infectious diseases and female genital mutilation (FGM) in migrants. The aim of this study is to assess the health impact of the tool and to perform a process evaluation of its feasibility and acceptability when implemented in primary care in Catalonia (Spain).

Methods And Analysis: This study is a cluster randomised control trial where 35 primary care centres in Catalonia, Spain will be allocated into one of the two groups: intervention and control.

Microvascular and Structural Characterization of Birdshot Chorioretinitis in Active and Inactive Phases.

This study aimed to examine microvascular changes and identify predictors of short-term quiescence in active birdshot chorioretinitis (BSCR). An observational, prospective, 12-month follow-up cohort study was conducted. BSCR eyes were clinically assessed at baseline, categorized as active or inactive, and reevaluated at 12 months.

Should we measure quality of life among people with HIV? A multicentre survey of physicians' opinions in Spain.

Objectives: We assessed the opinions of physicians caring for people with HIV (PWH) from the multicentre Spanish CoRIS cohort regarding the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods: We designed an online self-administered questionnaire comprising 27 structured questions across four domains: (i) sociodemographic and clinical data; (ii) usefulness of measuring HRQoL; (iii) information, training and resource needed; and (iv) whether and how HRQoL should be measured. Physicians completed the questionnaire between April and June 2023.

Safety and efficacy of antibody-drug conjugates plus immunotherapy in solid tumours: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Combining antibody-drug conjugate (ADCs) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is emerging as a promising treatment option to increase efficacy outcomes. However, concerns arise regarding the safety of these combinations, as some toxicities may overlap. Currently, there is still limited information about the safety profiles of this strategy.

TNBC-DX genomic test in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant taxane-based therapy.

Background: Identification of biomarkers to optimize treatment strategies for early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is crucial. This study presents the development and validation of TNBC-DX, a novel test aimed at predicting both short- and long-term outcomes in early-stage TNBC. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between TNBC-DX and efficacy outcomes [pathologic complete response (pCR), distant disease-free survival (DDFS) or event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS)] in the validation cohorts.