Intravenous gene therapy improves lifespan and clinical outcomes in feline Sandhoff Disease.

Sandhoff Disease (SD), a fatal neurodegenerative disorder, is caused by the absence of ß-hexosaminidase (Hex) and subsequent accumulation of GM2 ganglioside in lysosomes. Previous studies have led to adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy for children with GM2 gangliosidosis in both expanded access and Phase I/II clinical trials via intracranial and/or cerebrospinal fluid-based delivery. The current study investigated intravenous (IV) gene therapy of SD cats, treated at one month of age with a bicistronic AAV vector.

Thinking on your feet: potentially enhancing phylogenetic tree learning accessibility through a kinaesthetic approach.

Background: Phylogenetics is one of the main methodologies to understand cross-cutting principles of evolution, such as common ancestry and speciation. Phylogenetic trees, however, are reportedly challenging to teach and learn. Furthermore, phylogenetics teaching methods traditionally rely solely on visual information, creating inaccessibility for people with visual impairment.

Assessment of meibomian gland morphology and tear-film lipid layer using noncontact infrared meibography and meibometry, respectively, and tear-film osmolarity in healthy dogs.

Objective: To further investigate quantitative and qualitative tear-film dynamics through tear-film osmolarity, meibometry, meibography, and non-invasive tear-film break-up time and to describe a survey of parameters in normal eyes of healthy non-brachycephalic dogs.

Animals Studied: Thirty-two veterinary hospital staff and student owned dogs between 1 and 7 years with no known comorbidities or ocular disease.

Procedure: Complete ophthalmic examination, tear-film osmolarity (I-PEN® VET), meibometry (Meibometer MB560), meibography, and non-invasive tear-film break-up time (handheld Ocular Surface Analyzer) were performed.

Outcomes and Perioperative Complications of Surgical Resection on Canine Carotid Paragangliomas (21 Cases): A Veterinary Society of Surgical Oncology Study.

Carotid body paragangliomas represent an uncommon neoplasm in dogs. The objective of this study was to report outcomes and complications associated with surgical excision of carotid body paragangliomas in 21 dogs. Cases were recruited retrospectively via medical record review from 9 veterinary speciality centres.

Mediation of mammalian olfactory response by presence of odor-evoked potassium current.

It is well understood that odorants interact with specialized G-protein coupled receptors embedded in the ciliary membrane of olfactory sensory neurons (OSN) which initiates a voltage-generating intracellular cascade of signal transduction events that can be recorded at the epithelial level as an electroolfactogram (EOG). While the depolarizing excitatory pathway in vertebrates involving cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-induced Na/Ca influx and calcium-induced Cl efflux is well established, there is evidence of potassium-associated inhibitory currents that correspond with cellular activation. While several Ca-dependent feedback mechanisms contribute to cellular deactivation which have been commonly attributed to these inhibitory currents, the frequently observed positive ionic conductance prior to excitatory depolarization have led many to suggest an additional earlier inhibitory mechanism at the receptor level that may be independent of downstream calcium influx.

Sperm collection in the domestic cat: A comparison of two techniques.

Semen collection in cats in the clinic setting can be difficult. However, semen analysis is vital when evaluating breeding soundness of a male. Electroejaculation (EEJ) is currently the most reliable semen collection method but requires specialized equipment and training of the operator.

Shear-wave elastography of canine patellar tendons in healthy dogs and the influence of stifle joint angle.

Elastography is a sonographic modality that measures tissue stiffness, a mechanical property of tissues, and a biomarker for disease. Canine musculoskeletal application to the patellar tendon has been limited to semiqualitative strain elastography. This prospective study aimed to quantitatively evaluate patellar tendon stiffness using shear-wave elastography with a color map superimposed over the tendon, a propagation map for quality control, and measurements at specific regions of interest in 16 clinically normal sedated dogs weighing 25 kg or greater.

Comparison of Bending Stiffness between String of Pearls Plate-Bone Substitute Constructs with and without Bending Tees in a Fracture Gap Model.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to compare the bending properties of String of Pearls plate-bone substitute constructs with and without bending tees in the nodes over a simulated fracture gap. It is hypothesized that the constructs with tees will have higher bending stiffness.

Study Design:  Acetal polymer tubes and 12-hole, 3.

Frequency of retinal detachments in dogs after prophylactic transpupillary retinopexy.

Purpose: To evaluate the frequency of retinal detachments following prophylactic transpupillary retinopexy (PTPRP).

Methods: The medical records of dogs that received a PTPRP between 2014 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed for age, sex, breed, reason for retinopexy, laser power setting, number of retinal burns, follow-up duration, and outcome. Laser power settings were increased until retinal burns could be visualized and were made 360° in a double row in the peripheral retina.

elution of amikacin, cefazolin, gentamicin, ampicillin/sulbactam, and meropenem from a commercially available calcium sulfate delivery kit.

Introduction: The use of implantable antibiotic beads has become a frequent treatment modality for the management of surgical site infections in human and veterinary medicine. The objective of this study is to describe the elution kinetics of five antibiotics from a commercially available calcium sulfate antibiotic delivery kit. A secondary goal was to compare elution concentrations with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for commonly encountered bacteria from the University of Florida's veterinary microbiology laboratory database.

Clinical presentation and magnetic resonance imaging findings of a spinal cord ganglioglioma in a 7.5-year-old, male, neutered German shepherd dog.

A dog presented with a 1-month history of left-sided hemiparesis. MRI showed a focal, 4-cm-long, symmetrical, ovoid, poorly demarcated intramedullary expansion at C6-C7 that was T2-weighted hyperintense, T1-weighted isointense, and noncontrast enhancing. After clinical progression and euthanasia, pathology revealed a neoplasm composed of astrocytes and dysmorphic neurons, consistent with a ganglioglioma.

The effects of alfaxalone on cardiac and pulmonary vascular size in cats evaluated by thoracic radiography and echocardiography.

Alfaxalone is a neuroactive steroid that modulates the GABA receptor, which has shown recent widespread use as a sedative and anesthetic agent in cats, especially in patients being screened for cardiovascular disease. This prospective, partially blinded, randomized experimental study aimed to determine if sedation with alfaxalone would alter the appearance of the cardiac silhouette or pulmonary vasculature on thoracic radiographs or echocardiographic indices of cardiac or pulmonary vascular size. Eleven apparently healthy adult cats were recruited from a research colony.

Characterization of the adaptive cellular and humoral immune responses to persistent colonization of strain RB51 in a Jersey cow.

strain RB51 is the commercial cattle vaccine used in the United States (US) and many parts of the world against bovine brucellosis. RB51 was licensed for use in 1996, and it has been shown to be safe and efficacious in cattle, eliciting humoral and cellular responses in calves and adult animals. In 2017, an epidemiological trace-back investigation performed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identified human cases of brucellosis caused by infection with RB51.

Cross-Protection Conferred by Combined Vaccine Containing Infectious Bronchitis Virus Attenuated Massachusetts and Recombinant LaSota Virus Expressing Arkansas Spike.

We previously demonstrated that a prime-boost regime with an infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) Massachusetts (Mass)-type vaccine and recombinant LaSota virus (rLS) coexpressing IBV Arkansas (Ark)-type trimeric spike ectodomain (Se) and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GMCSF) enhances heterologous protection against virulent Ark challenge. This study evaluates protection against Ark-type challenge conferred by administering the rLS/ArkSe.GMCSF and the attenuated Mass viruses mixed in the same vial as a combined vaccine.

Novel ectopic expression of zona pellucida 3 glycoprotein in lung cancer promotes tumor growth.

Zona pellucida 3 (ZP3) expression is classically found in the ZP-layer of the oocytes, lately shown in ovarian and prostate cancer. A successful ZP3 ovarian cancer immunotherapy in transgenic mice suggested its use as an attractive therapeutic target. The biological role of ZP3 in cancer growth and progression is still unknown.

Biomechanical Principles of Intramedullary Nails in Veterinary and Human Medicine.

Intramedullary nails are specialized metal rods inserted into the medullary cavity of a fractured bone and secured to reduce load on the fracture site, provide stability, and permit healing. The purpose of this review is to highlight the biomechanics of orthopaedic intramedullary nailing, as well as discuss the biomechanical considerations that have shaped implant design and fixation technique in veterinary and human medicine. Relevant studies were included from the PubMed database and Google Scholar for discussion on the basic science and nail design of intramedullary nails.

Protection Against Infectious Bronchitis Virus Vaccine Recombinants and Chicken-Selected Vaccine Subpopulations.

Outbreaks of infectious bronchitis (IB) continue to occur from novel variants of IB virus (IBV) emerging from selection of vaccine subpopulations and/or naturally occurring recombination events. S1 sequencing of Arkansas (Ark) -type viruses obtained from clinical cases in Alabama broilers and backyard chickens shows both Ark Delmarva Poultry Industry (ArkDPI) vaccine subpopulations as well as Ark vaccine viruses showing recombination with other IB vaccine viruses. IB Ark-type isolates AL5, most similar to an ArkDPI vaccine subpopulation selected in chickens, AL4, showing a cluster of three nonsynonymous changes from ArkDPI subpopulations selected in chickens, and AL9, showing recombination with Massachusetts (Mass) -type IBV, were examined for pathogenicity and ability to break through immunity elicited by vaccination with a commercial ArkDPI vaccine.

Urinary syndecan-1 in dogs anesthetized with isoflurane or sevoflurane: A randomized, prospective study.

Background: Syndecan-1 (SDC1) is an established marker of endothelial glycocalyx shedding. Most research on SDC1 has focused on plasma or serum concentrations, and little is known about urine concentrations.

Objectives: Measure urinary SDC1 concentrations in dogs undergoing anesthesia with either sevoflurane or isoflurane and assess the effects of anesthesia duration and IV crystalloids on urinary SDC1 concentrations.