COVID-19 Impacts on Physical Activity Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Memory Problems: The Moderating Role of Walkable Neighborhood Destinations.

Background And Objectives: The number of people with memory problems who desire or are forced to age in place has been growing rapidly. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought significant challenges to the ability of those with memory problems to stay active and age in place. This study investigated the roles of neighborhood environments in helping community-dwelling people with memory problems maintain physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Effect of a Newly Developed Hand Rim on Mobility Performance and Propulsion Technique in Wheelchair Tennis Players.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of a newly developed hand rim in wheelchair tennis players from a lab and field perspective.

Methods: Nine wheelchair tennis players performed a set of field and lab tests with the new rim (NR) and regular rim on the racket side. Each player had a 60- to 120-minute regular training session with the NR.

The Prevalence of Low Vitamin D in Elite Para-Athletes: A Systematic Review.

Background: Vitamin D insufficiency (25OHD, 50-75 nmolˑl) is a common issue within healthy adults and elite athletes and is associated with decreased musculoskeletal health and performance. However, few studies have identified the prevalence and risk factors associated with vitamin D insufficiency within elite Para-Athletes.

Methods: An electronic search was completed on the 5th January 2023 and updated on the 21st June 2024, searching Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and EASY (originally OpenGrey).

Twelve-month results from a randomized controlled trial comparing differential target multiplexed spinal cord stimulation and conventional spinal cord stimulation in subjects with chronic refractory axial low back pain not eligible for spine surgery.

Background: Successful treatments for intractable chronic low back pain (CLBP) in patients who are not eligible for surgical interventions are scarce. The superior efficacy of differential target multiplexed spinal cord stimulation (DTM SCS) to conventional SCS (Conv-SCS) on the treatment of CLBP in patients with persistent spinal pain syndrome (PSPS) who have failed surgical interventions (PSPS-T2) motivated the evaluation of DTM SCS versus Conv-SCS on PSPS patients who are non-surgical candidates (PSPS-T1).

Methods: This is a prospective, open label, crossover, post-market randomized controlled trial in 20 centers across the United States.

Functional fitness and physical independence in later years: cut-off values and validation.

Background: To establish and validate the criterion-referenced standards of functional fitness in predicting physical independence in 80 + years.

Methods: A group of 2,749 older community dwellers (60-84 years) were recruited, and 2,050 were identified with moderate-to-high independent living ability according to the proposed minimum composite physical function score. The Senior Fitness Test battery was applied to measure functional fitness at five-year intervals.

The Impact of Yoga on Athletes' Mental Well-Being: An Experimental Study.

Background Athletes have a variety of obstacles that might shrink their chances of getting adequate rest, including competing and training times, travel, stress, academic responsibilities, and overtraining. Furthermore, athletes have been reported to have poor self-reports of their sleep length and quality. The study aims to assess the impact of yoga practice on sleep quality, stress, anxiety, psychological rigidity, and experience avoidance.

Using mixed methods and partnership to develop a program evaluation toolkit for organizations that provide physical activity programs for persons with disabilities.

Background: The purpose of this paper is to report on the process for developing an online RE-AIM evaluation toolkit in partnership with organizations that provide physical activity programming for persons with disabilities.

Methods: A community-university partnership was established and guided by an integrated knowledge translation approach. The four-step development process included: (1) identify, review, and select knowledge (literature review and two rounds of Delphi consensus-building), (2) adapt knowledge to local context (rating feasibility of outcomes and integration into online platform), (3) assess barriers and facilitators (think-aloud interviews), and (4) select, tailor, implement (collaborative dissemination plan).

Efficacy of arch contouring foot orthoses for midfoot osteoarthritis: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Midfoot osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful and disabling condition. Arch contouring foot orthoses have been recommended for midfoot OA, yet there is no high-quality evidence from randomised controlled trials to support their use. This clinical trial aims to evaluate the efficacy of arch contouring foot orthoses for midfoot OA.

Magnitude of changes in muscle endurance in the Biering-Sorensen test and changes in balance in subjects with LBP treated with muscle energy techniques.

: Manual therapy is used as a conservative treatment for people with low back pain (LBP). The scale of the problem encourages the search for the most effective methods to assess of manual treatment. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate magnitude of changes in muscle endurance using the Biering-Sorensen test (BST) and to analyse balance in patients with LBP treated with ERS and FRS muscle energy techniques (MET).

Disability Ethics and Education in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Identifying Ability Bias in ChatGPT and Gemini.

Objective: To identify and quantify ability bias in generative artificial intelligence large language model chatbots, specifically OpenAI's ChatGPT and Google's Gemini.

Design: Observational study of language usage in generative artificial intelligence models.

Setting: Investigation-only browser profile restricted to ChatGPT and Gemini.

Compliance with the 24-hour movement behaviour guidelines among children and adolescents with disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Compliance with the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (24-HMG: physical activity (PA), screen time (ST), and sleep) has been associated with numerous beneficial health outcomes among children and adolescents. However, there is a lack of consensus on the overall compliance with the 24-HMG specifically among children and adolescents with disabilities. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the extent to which children and adolescents with disabilities adhere to the 24-HMG globally.

Falls characteristics experienced by working-age adults during inpatient post-stroke rehabilitation and their impact on length of stay, discharge functional status, ambulation and destination.

Background: In-hospital falls are frequent post-stroke medical complications and will remain of concern because it may not be possible to prevent all of them. We aimed to i) compare admission clinical and sociodemographic characteristics between fallers and non-fallers ii) determine falls characteristics iii) compare length of stay (LOS), discharge functional independence, ambulation and destination between fallers and non-fallers.

Methods: A matched case-control study, comparing individuals (n = 302) who fell during inpatient post-acute rehabilitation, matched (on time to admission, age and motor Functional Independence Measure (mFIM)) to individuals (n = 302) who didn´t fall, admitted within 3 months post-injury to a center between 2008 and 2023.

Research progress of ultrasound in accurate evaluation of cartilage injury in osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent cause of joint algesia, loss of function, and disability in adults, with cartilage injury being its core pathological manifestation. Since cartilage damage is non-renewable, the treatment outcome in the middle and late stages of OA is unsatisfactory, which can be minimized by changing lifestyle and other treatment modalities if diagnosed and managed in the early stages, indicating the importance of early diagnosis and monitoring of cartilage injury. Ultrasound technology has been used for timely diagnosis and even cartilage injury treatment, which is convenient and safe for the patient owing to no radiation exposure.

Staff burnout in intellectual disability services and resistance to change. Implications for leadership support.

Purpose: This article aims to analyse the relationship between staff burnout and resistance to change as well as the implications for leadership.

Design/methodology/approach: The Job Demands Resource Model, the Social Exchange Theory, and the Model of Socially Induced Burnout were used to analyse the relationship of burnout with resistance to change.

Findings: Leadership support is essential in reducing the influence of job demands on staff and on overcoming burnout so that resistance to change is prevented.

User Evaluation of a Shared Robot Control System Combining BCI and Eye Tracking in a Portable Augmented Reality User Interface.

This study evaluates an innovative control approach to assistive robotics by integrating brain-computer interface (BCI) technology and eye tracking into a shared control system for a mobile augmented reality user interface. Aimed at enhancing the autonomy of individuals with physical disabilities, particularly those with impaired motor function due to conditions such as stroke, the system utilizes BCI to interpret user intentions from electroencephalography signals and eye tracking to identify the object of focus, thus refining control commands. This integration seeks to create a more intuitive and responsive assistive robot control strategy.

Dietary Quality and Nutrient Intakes of Elite Paracyclists.

Nutrient requirements for para-athletes will be influenced by a variety of factors secondary to their impairment and, therefore, recommendations for para-athletes cannot be drawn directly from that of able-bodied athletes. Information on the dietary intakes of para-athletes is lacking and therefore needs to be examined. This study assessed the nutrient intakes and diet quality of 31 paracyclists via food frequency questionnaires.

Cartilage Integrity: A Review of Mechanical and Frictional Properties and Repair Approaches in Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common causes of disability around the globe, especially in aging populations. The main symptoms of OA are pain and loss of motion and function of the affected joint. Hyaline cartilage has limited ability for regeneration due to its avascularity, lack of nerve endings, and very slow metabolism.

Concussion in Parasport: A Narrative Review of Research Published since the Concussion in Para Sport (CIPS) Group Statement (2021).

Sports-related concussion (SRC) is an injury whereby impact to the face/head/neck impairs cognitive functioning. Parasport athletes have an increased risk for SRC. The Previous Concussion in Sport Group iterations lack guidance for parasport SRC assessment, management, and return-to-play.

Empowering Personal Trainers to Work with Individuals with Disabilities to Improve Their Fitness.

The benefits of regular physical activity for individuals with disabilities (IWDs) are well recognized. Nonetheless, IWDs report several barriers to physical activity participation, including limited access to qualified and experienced personal trainers. Limited research exists from personal trainers' perspective.

Contribution of dual-tasking to social participation in persons with multiple sclerosis: A structural equation modeling approach.

Introduction: This study aimed to explore the patterns of association between dual-tasking, cognition, ambulation disability, fatigue, and self-efficacy and their pathways in predicting social participation in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: Adults with MS (n = 1162) completed an online survey. Social participation was assessed by the Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders.

Side-effect expectations are associated with disability, physical fitness, and somatic symptoms 3 months after post-COVID neurological inpatient rehabilitation.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to long-term health issues known as post-COVID-19 condition, including fatigue and cognitive disruptions. Despite its recognition as a public health concern, the efficacy of therapeutic interventions, especially in neurological rehabilitation, remains unclear. This study examines how treatment expectations are associated with psychological and physical outcomes in post-COVID-19 condition neurological rehabilitation.

The Impact of Spine Injuries on Amateur Athletes: An Exploratory Analysis of Sport-Related Patient-Reported Outcomes.

Introduction: There is a lack of information on return to sport and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in amateur athletes after isolated spine injuries.

Methods: A single-center cohort study in amateur athletes aged 18 to 60 with isolated spine injuries; clinical data collection and follow-up via telephone interview and standardized PROMs (Short-Form 36, Oswestry and Neck Disability Index, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Pain Visual Analog Scale). Bivariate analyses of potential influencing factors on PROMs were conducted using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test.

Prevalence of Lower Back Pain in Portuguese Equestrian Riders.

Lower back pain is prevalent in equestrian athletes, but its prevalence and associated factors are unknown in the Portuguese equestrian population. A questionnaire regarding lower back pain and possible associated factors was answered by 347 respondents. Of the respondents, 214 (61.

Surgical versus conservative treatment for odontoid fractures in older people: an international prospective comparative study.

Background: The optimal treatment for odontoid fractures in older people remains debated. Odontoid fractures are increasingly relevant to clinical practice due to ageing of the population.

Methods: An international prospective comparative study was conducted in fifteen European centres, involving patients aged ≥55 years with type II/III odontoid fractures.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy based on Schwann cell injury: mechanisms of cell death regulation and therapeutic perspectives.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a complication of diabetes mellitus that lacks specific treatment, its high prevalence and disabling neuropathic pain greatly affects patients' physical and mental health. Schwann cells (SCs) are the major glial cells of the peripheral nervous system, which play an important role in various inflammatory and metabolic neuropathies by providing nutritional support, wrapping axons and promoting repair and regeneration. Increasingly, high glucose (HG) has been found to promote the progression of DPN pathogenesis by targeting SCs death regulation, thus revealing the specific molecular process of programmed cell death (PCD) in which SCs are disrupted is an important link to gain insight into the pathogenesis of DPN.