Drainless thyroid surgeries including goiter or central neck dissection: a case-control study.

Background: Despite ample of evidence regarding feasibility of simple drainless thyroid surgeries, the evidence of feasibility of such procedures in goiters and central neck dissections remains limited.

Methods: Patients undergoing total thyroidectomy (TT) between January 2017 and July 2022 were included. The study included two study groups: drainless TT with central neck dissection (CND) and drainless TT due to goiter, which were compared to two controls: non-goiter drainless TT and drained TT for goiter or with CND.

Short report: Plasma based biomarkers detect radiation induced brain injury in cancer patients treated for brain metastasis: A pilot study.

Background: Radiotherapy has an important role in the treatment of brain metastases but carries risk of short and/or long-term toxicity, termed radiation-induced brain injury (RBI). As the diagnosis of RBI is crucial for correct patient management, there is an unmet need for reliable biomarkers for RBI. The aim of this proof-of concept study is to determine the utility of brain-derived circulating free DNA (BncfDNA), identified by specific methylation patterns for neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, as biomarkers brain injury induced by radiotherapy.

Femoral neck shortening as a sequela of internal fixation for femoral neck fractures and its effect on the coronal alignment of the limb: a pilot study.

Introduction: Femoral neck shortening is a common phenomenon following osteosynthesis for femoral neck fractures, which was shown to have a negative effect on hip function. There is paucity of literature on the effect of shortening on the ipsilateral limb mechanical axis and knee coronal alignment. We hypothesized that postoperative femoral neck shortening can alter the limb's mechanical axis into valgus.

ISOM 2023 Research Panel 5: Interventions- Vaccines and prevention, medical and surgical treatment, and impact of COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: To identify and synthesize key research advances from the literature published between 2019 and 2023 on the advances in preventative measures, and medical and surgical treatment of uncomplicated otitis media (OM) including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on OM management.

Data Sources: Medline (PubMed), Embase, and the Cochrane Library.

Review Methods: All relevant original articles published in English between June 2019 and February 2023 were identified.

High sensitivity and specificity in fetal gender identification in the first trimester, using ultrasound and Noninvasive Prenatal Screening (NIPS) in twin pregnancies, a prospective study.

Introduction: Determination of the fetal gender in the first trimester is important in twin pregnancy cases of familial X-linked genetic syndromes and helps determine chorionicity. We assessed and compared the accuracy of first-trimester ultrasound scans, and cell-free fetal DNA (CfDNA) in determining fetal gender in the first trimester of twin pregnancies.

Methods: Women with twin pregnancies were recruited prospectively during the first trimester.

Correlation between baseline immature platelets fraction levels and peak troponin in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Introduction: Elevated peak cardiac troponin levels have been linked with increased morbidity and mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Immature Platelets are young and relatively large platelets that are hyper-reactive and pro-thrombotic compared to regular platelets. Increased immature platelet fraction (IPF) has been associated with an elevated risk of thrombotic events.

Ventilation tubes (grommets) for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children.

Background: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is an accumulation of fluid in the middle ear cavity, common amongst young children. It may cause hearing loss which, when persistent, may lead to developmental delay, social difficulty and poor quality of life. Management includes watchful waiting, autoinflation, medical and surgical treatment.

[GENOMIC COUNSELING - CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES].

Medical genetics is a field that is continually evolving. In addition to enabling the discovery and understanding of the mechanisms underlying many diseases, the decoding of the human genome and swiftly advancing technology have also made it possible to integrate medical genetics into new clinical fields and acknowledge it as a significant profession across all clinical specialties. For genetic teams, these changes present numerous difficulties, particularly in the specific context of genetic counseling.

The effect of oral probiotics on glycemic control of women with gestational diabetes mellitus-a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus should be treated adequately to avoid maternal hyperglycemia-related complications. Previously, probiotic supplements were suggested to improve fasting blood glucose in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. However, a major limitation of previous studies was that preprandial and especially postprandial glucose values, which are important predictors of pregnancy outcomes, were not studied.

Can nutritional and inflammatory indices predict 90-day mortality in fragility hip fracture patients?

Introduction: Hip fractures in the elderly are related to increased mortality. The identification of patients at risk is essential. Several nutritional and inflammatory parameters were investigated in an effort to find a prognostic indicator for mortality following fragility hip fractures (FHF) surgery.

Antibiotics for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children.

Background: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is an accumulation of fluid in the middle ear cavity, common amongst young children. The fluid may cause hearing loss. When persistent, it may lead to developmental delay, social difficulty and poor quality of life.

Adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children.

Background: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is an accumulation of fluid in the middle ear cavity, common amongst young children. The fluid may cause hearing loss. When persistent, it may lead to developmental delay, social difficulty and poor quality of life.

Combination treatment of persistent COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients with remdesivir, nirmaltrevir/ritonavir and tixegavimab/cilgavimab.

We present a retrospective study on the treatment outcomes of severely immunocompromised patients with persistent COVID-19. The study analyzed data from 14 patients who received a combination of tixegavimab/cilgavimab and antiviral medications. Response was evaluated based on symptom improvement, PCR cycle-threshold values, and C-reactive protein levels.

ISOM 2023 research Panel 4 - Diagnostics and microbiology of otitis media.

Objectives: To identify and review key research advances from the literature published between 2019 and 2023 on the diagnosis and microbiology of otitis media (OM) including acute otitis media (AOM), recurrent AOM (rAOM), otitis media with effusion (OME), chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and AOM complications (mastoiditis).

Data Sources: PubMed database of the National Library of Medicine.

Review Methods: All relevant original articles published in Medline in English between July 2019 and February 2023 were identified.

A retrospective cohort study, analyzing trends in management of upper urinary tract stones in the adult Israeli population.

Objective: To assess trends of surgical intervention in adults with upper urinary tract stones in Israel.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study utilizing administrative databases held at Clalit Health Services, to identify all adults (⩾18 years) who underwent their first surgical treatment for upper tract urolithiasis. Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize baseline patient demographics and surgical trends were analyzed using the Cochrane-Armitage test for trend.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and long-term risk of immune-related disorders.

Introduction: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked enzymatic disorder that is particularly prevalent in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. This study aimed to assess the long-term health risks associated with G6PD deficiency.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from a national healthcare provider in Israel (Leumit Health Services).

Autoinflation for otitis media with effusion (OME) in children.

Background: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is an accumulation of fluid in the middle ear cavity, common amongst young children. The fluid may cause hearing loss. When persistent, it may lead to behavioural problems and a delay in expressive language skills.

The impact of iodine deficiency exposure on thyroid nodule cytology and pathology - A single institute, case-control study.

Objective: The association between follicular carcinoma and iodine deficiency (ID) is based on epidemiological studies and their inherent biases. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of long-term ID exposure on thyroid nodule cytology and final pathology in a distinct group of patients within a single institution.

Methods: Ethiopian origin patients were compared to an aged-matched group of non-Ethiopian patients.

Outcomes of incomplete abortion related to treatment modality.

Purpose: This study evaluated the differences in treatment outcomes between misoprostol and surgical evacuation for the management of incomplete abortion.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study compared patients with a clinical diagnosis of incomplete abortion who underwent surgical or pharmaceutical (misoprostol) intervention, 2014-2017. Demographics, sonographic results, treatment follow-up, and post-intervention data on retained products of conception were retrieved.

The Global Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Workforce.

Importance: A core component of delivering care of head and neck diseases is an adequate workforce. The World Health Organization report, Multi-Country Assessment of National Capacity to Provide Hearing Care, captured primary workforce estimates from 68 member states in 2012, noting that response rates were a limitation and that updated more comprehensive data are needed.

Objective: To establish comprehensive workforce metrics for global otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS) with updated data from more countries/territories.