24,297 results match your criteria: "Aspergillosis"

Pulmonary aspergillosis is a severe respiratory infection caused by spp., whose resistance profiles and invasive attitude complicate therapeutical strategies. Several aspergillosis cases emerged as superinfections during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic when isavuconazole and amphotericin B became essential antifungal alternatives.

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A PCR-Based Approach for Early Diagnosis of Head and Neck Aspergillosis: A Pilot Study.

Genes (Basel)

October 2024

Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil.

Background: Aspergillosis is a fungal disease caused by the inhalation of fungal spores of the genus spp. This fungus mainly affects the lungs but can spread and infect the maxillofacial region through the bloodstream or inoculation of the fungus after extraction or endodontic treatment, especially in the upper posterior teeth. The disease has nonspecific clinical manifestations that hinder its early diagnosis.

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Background: Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a deadly fungal lung infection. Antifungal resistance and treatment side effects are major concerns. Iron chelators are vital for IA management, but systemic use can cause side effects.

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A pilot study on nasal wash galactomannan as a surrogate marker for invasive aspergillosis among hematology patients in Thailand.

Sci Rep

November 2024

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Rd, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.

Article Synopsis
  • - Universal antifungal treatment is recommended for hematology patients during chemotherapy to prevent invasive aspergillosis (IA), but challenges persist in resource-limited areas; identifying at-risk individuals could improve outcomes.
  • - A pilot study in Thailand from April 2021 to January 2023 focused on the potential of nasal wash galactomannan (GM) tests as a predictor for IA in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and those undergoing stem cell transplantation (SCT).
  • - Of the 34 enrolled patients, 52.9% were diagnosed with IA after six months, but nasal wash GM had limited predictive value, with sensitivity of 40% and specificity of 80%; further research is needed to strengthen
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The analytical performance of the new Galactomannan Ag VirCLIA mono-test (Vircell S.L.) was compared to the Platelia™ Ag ELISA assay (Bio-Rad).

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can cause invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). Fungicidal azoles and fungistatic caspofungin (CAS) are the first- and second-line therapies, respectively, used to treat IPA. Treatment of with CAS or micafungin induces the production of the oxylipin 5,8-diHODE by the fungal oxygenase PpoA.

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Healthcare Costs of Hospitalizations Due to Aspergillosis and 25-Year Trends in Spain, 1997-2021.

J Fungi (Basel)

October 2024

Servicio de Medicina Interna, Sección de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca (CAUSA), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIETUS), Universidad de Salamanca, Paseo San Vicente 58-182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.

In the last 40 years, a significant increase in the incidence of lung infections by Aspergillus has been reported. The scarcity of studies that describe the costs of aspergillosis indicates that the economic impact of aspergillosis in the hospital environment is greater than that of other fungal infections. The objective of the study was to evaluate the direct healthcare costs associated with aspergillosis in the Spanish National Health System from 1997 to 2021.

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Invasive fungal infections are considered a threat to hematological malignancy patients (HM). We report here a rare case of pulmonary aspergillosis in a patient diagnosed with leukemia at King Abdulaziz University Hospital. The patient received three cycles of chemotherapy and presented with febrile neutropenia and his fungal culture was repeatedly negative while signs of aspergillosis in a computed topography (CT) scan were evident.

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Automatic identification of clinically important species by artificial intelligence-based image recognition: proof-of-concept study.

Emerg Microbes Infect

December 2025

Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.

While morphological examination is the most widely used for identification in clinical laboratories, PCR-sequencing and MALDI-TOF MS are emerging technologies in more financially-competent laboratories. However, mycological expertise, molecular biologists and/or expensive equipment are needed for these. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI), especially image recognition, is being increasingly employed in medicine for fast and automated disease diagnosis.

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Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with post-TB sequelae.

Int J Tuberc Lung Dis

December 2024

Nursing Department, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.

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Pulmonary aspergillosis in green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas): A case series.

Med Mycol

December 2024

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS 96200-190, Brazil.

We report a series of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in green turtles (Chelonia mydas) on the southern coast of Brazil. During 13-month period, seven animals were recovered on the coastal beach and sent to a rehabilitation center, dying after a period of captivity up to 27 days. Granulomatous nodules in the lung, with the presence of hyaline and septate hyphae, were found in all.

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Fungal rhinitis in horses is rare, although severe, due to the progressive nasal obstruction. Aspergillus is one of the fungi most often involved in these cases. A 7-year-old Quarter Horse mare weighing 325 kg was admitted with a history of recurrent nasal discharge and bleeding, foul smell, reluctance to exercise, and abortion.

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Voriconazole, a broad-spectrum antifungal agent, is considered the first-line treatment for invasive aspergillosis. In this article, we report three cases of patients who experienced visual disturbances and hallucinations following voriconazole therapy for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. These symptoms appeared within 1 week after initiating voriconazole administration and resolved upon discontinuation or dose reduction of the drug.

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An allergic reaction to infections with Aspergillus fumigatus causes allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). This response often can worsen underlying symptoms of previously well-controlled diseases, such as asthma or cystic fibrosis. Due to the nature of the symptoms, patients with ABPA are often regarded as just having worsening asthma control or are treated for a different disease entirely.

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Aspergillus fumigatus, a filamentous fungus, is an opportunistic pathogen and the major causative agent of the often-fatal disease, invasive aspergillosis (IA). Current treatments for IA are limited due to their high toxicity and/or the emergence of drug resistance; therefore, a need exists for the development of new therapeutics to treat IA. The Kdnase produced by A.

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Multiple pathogen infections accompanied with ocular pathologies in a patient with high-titer Anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies: a case report.

BMC Infect Dis

November 2024

Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, P.R. China.

Article Synopsis
  • Patients with high levels of anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies (AIGAs) often suffer from infections caused by intracellular pathogens, as well as associated immune disorders.
  • A 53-year-old woman with high titers of AIGAs was hospitalized due to a mass, leading to diagnoses of multiple infections including Talaromyces marneffei and Aspergillus flavus.
  • Despite extensive treatment including antifungal and anti-NTM therapies, the patient experienced rapid recurrence of infections and developed ocular problems, which were managed with eye drops and lubricants.
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Invasive aspergillosis poses a significant threat to immunocompromised patients, leading to high mortality rates associated with these infections. Targeting the biosynthesis of cell wall carbohydrates is a promising strategy for antifungal drug development and will be advanced by a molecular-level understanding of the native structures of polysaccharides within their cellular context. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy has recently provided detailed insights into the cell wall organization of Aspergillus fumigatus, but genetic and biochemical evidence highlights species-specific differences among Aspergillus species.

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Challenges in Management of Uncommon Otologic Fungal Disease - a Case Series and Review of Literature.

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

December 2024

Department of Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings' Hwy, Shreveport, 71103 LA USA.

Article Synopsis
  • The study aims to explore the difficulties involved in diagnosing and treating fungal infections of the ear.
  • It included a case series and literature review, focusing on three patients at LSU Health Sciences Center with complex fungal otitis externa between November 2020 and November 2023.
  • The findings highlight that diagnosing fungal ear infections is tricky due to their similar symptoms to more common infections, and patient factors (like uncontrolled diabetes) add to the complexity; successful treatment requires teamwork among various medical professionals and ongoing patient care.
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Posaconazole nanocrystals dry powder inhalers for the local treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.

Int J Pharm

January 2025

State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510006, China. Electronic address:

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis poses a significant threat to immunocompromised patients, characterized by high mortality rates. Posaconazole (PSZ), a second-generation triazole antifungal, exhibits broad-spectrum activity but suffers from limited pulmonary concentrations and notable systemic side effects when administered orally or intravenously. This study focuses on optimizing PSZ nanocrystals-agglomerated particles for dry powder inhalers (DPIs) to enhance solubility, dissolution rates, and pulmonary deposition, ultimately improving therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic adverse effects.

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Rare and risky: a unique case of concurrent chronic pulmonary aspergillosis and lemierre syndrome.

Infection

November 2024

Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.

Lemierre Syndrome is a condition that appears to have been overlooked in recent decades in clinical practice, often resulting in death or long-lasting sequelae when left undetected and untreated. Typically, it occurs following an upper respiratory tract infection, often stemming from tonsillitis, leading to thrombosis of the internal jugular vein and subsequent multiple septic emboli. Here, we present a case a 46-year-old patient with the clinical presentation of pneumogenic sepsis.

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