Foxp3 + Treg-derived IL-10 promotes colorectal cancer-derived lung metastasis.

The lung is one of the most frequently metastasized organs from various cancer entities, especially colorectal cancer (CRC). The occurrence of lung metastasis correlates with worse prognosis in CRC patients. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of IL-10 in lung metastasis development and identify the cellular source and target cells of IL-10 during lung metastatic establishment.

Cosmetic complications after anterior urethral surgery: a scoping review and photo collection.

Introduction: Anterior urethroplasty is the gold standard for treating complex urethral strictures, primarily focusing on restoring urinary function. However, aesthetic complications, including penile curvature, scarring, and meatal deformities, can impact patient satisfaction, self-image, and quality of life. Despite their significance, cosmetic outcomes are underreported in the literature, affecting patient counseling and surgical planning.

The use of robotic surgery for the management of urethral strictures and bladder neck contractures: A systematic review.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to offer a comprehensive view of the current use of robotic surgery for the treatment of urethral strictures and bladder neck contractures.

Methods: A systematic review of the current literature was conducted through the Medline and NCBI PubMed, Embase databases in December 2023. Keywords used were "robotic" and "robotic-assisted" combined with "urethroplasty", "urethral stricture", and "bladder neck contracture".

Oral care pathways after oral mucosal graft harvesting: a systematic review.

Introduction: Oral mucosal grafts are essential in reconstructive urology, particularly for urethral and genital defects. Advances in harvesting and implantation techniques have been made, yet perioperative care remains crucial for optimal outcomes. This systematic review explores postoperative care pathways following oral mucosal graft harvesting to consolidate knowledge, identify best practices, and highlight research gaps.

Treatment of anastomotic strictures after phalloplasty: An up-to-date review of the literature.

Introduction: Neo-urethral stricture formation frequently occurs after phalloplasty and most commonly affects the anastomosis between the fixed and phallic part of the neo-urethra. This narrative review gives an overview of the existing literature on how to treat these particular strictures.

Methods: This narrative review is based on a literature search conducted in June 2024.

Proposal and clinical validation of a perioperative algorithm enhancing antimicrobial stewardship in substitution urethroplasty.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of a standardized antibiotic stewardship protocol on three subsequent endpoints in patients undergoing urethroplasty.

Methods: Men undergoing bulbar substitution urethroplasty between January 2009 and December 2016 were stratified by urine culture (UCx) at the time of surgery (sterile non-sterile) and were subjected to a standardized algorithm for urinalysis and antimicrobial therapy. We performed quantitative and qualitative exploration of UCx results and the microbial spectrum.

Current Milestones and Future Horizons in Minimally Invasive Urologic Surgery.

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has emerged as one of the most significant advancements in the field of urology over the past few decades [...

Long term outcomes from uncorrected hypospadias: a scoping review.

Introduction: The goal of hypospadias repair is to optimize urinary and sexual function, improve cosmesis and minimise the psychosocial effects associated with a penile anomaly. However, a lack of clarity exists regarding the role of surgery in milder hypospadias where the anomaly is inconspicuous and there is no anticipated impact on function. The aim of this study was to review the long term functional, cosmetic and psychosocial outcomes in men with uncorrected hypospadias.

Safety and efficacy of conventional compared to segmented esophageal fully covered self-expanding metal stents: a retrospective multicenter case-control study.

Background: Segmented self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) are an alternative to conventional unsegmented SEMS in the treatment of esophageal strictures. Due to their segmented design, they may adapt better to the surrounding structures making them less likely to migrate or cause trauma. We examined if there are clinically relevant differences between segmented and conventional esophageal SEMS in benign and malignant stenosis in terms of their functionality and safety.

Impact of the future liver remnant volume before major hepatectomy.

Introduction: Following major liver resection, posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is associated with a high mortality rate. As there is no therapy for PHLF available, avoidance remains the main goal. A sufficient future liver remnant (FLR) is one of the most important factors to reduce the risk for PHLF; however, it is not known which patients benefit of volumetric assessment prior to major surgery.

The influence of the interventionalist's sex on the outcome and complications of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy.

Background: To date there are no data on sex aspects evaluating outcomes of interventional pneumology (IP). Our aim was to investigate sex differences in transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) outcomes in the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD).

Methods: All consecutive (TBLC)s performed for ILD evaluation between Nov 17 and Dec 21 at a tertiary referral center for ILDs and IP were analyzed.

The long-term learning curve of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) in the en-bloc technique: a single surgeon series of 500 consecutive cases.

Purpose: To evaluate perioperative parameters, clinical outcomes, and the learning curve of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) of a single surgeon in 500 consecutive cases.

Methods: Demographic parameters, outcomes, and adverse events were evaluated. The learning curve for HoLEP in en-bloc technique of the first 500 consecutive patients was analyzed in clusters of 100 (clusters 1-5) using the Wilcoxen rank test, Chi² test and Kruskal Wallis test.

Parenchyma-Preserving Hepatectomy in Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma: A Chance for Critical Patients?

Introduction: Surgery for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) is associated with high rates of postoperative morbidity and mortality. Extended liver resection (EXT) increases R0 resection rate and survival; however, patients with high perioperative risk are not suitable for extended resection. This study aimed to compare overall survival and surgical morbidity in patients with extended liver resection and parenchyma-preserving hepatectomy (PPH).

The influence of socioeconomic status and gender on incidence and survival in bladder cancer: a longitudinal study based on the Hamburg Cancer Registry.

Background: To investigate the influence of socioeconomic status (SES) and gender on the incidence and survival of patients with bladder cancer on a small scale within the city of Hamburg, Germany.

Methods: Patients documented in the Hamburg Cancer Registry aged ≥ 18 years with primary bladder carcinoma (ICD-10: C67, D09.0), diagnosed in the period 2004-2020 (follow-up until 31.

Metabolomics analysis reveals novel serum metabolite alterations in cancer cachexia.

Background: Cachexia is a body wasting syndrome that significantly affects well-being and prognosis of cancer patients, without effective treatment. Serum metabolites take part in pathophysiological processes of cancer cachexia, but apart from altered levels of select serum metabolites, little is known on the global changes of the overall serum metabolome, which represents a functional readout of the whole-body metabolic state. Here, we aimed to comprehensively characterize serum metabolite alterations and analyze associated pathways in cachectic cancer patients to gain new insights that could help instruct strategies for novel interventions of greater clinical benefit.

Role of multidrug-resistant bacteria in weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation.

Background: Although multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR) are common in patients undergoing prolonged weaning, there is little data on their impact on weaning and patient outcomes.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients who underwent prolonged weaning and were at a university weaning centre from January 2018 to December 2020. The influence of MDR colonisation and infection on weaning success (category 3a and 3b), successful prolonged weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) with or without the need for non-invasive ventilation (NIV) compared with category 3c (weaning failure 3cI or death 3cII) was investigated.

Urethral management after artificial urinary sphincter explantation due to cuff erosion.

Introduction: The artificial urethral sphincter (AUS) is the gold standard treatment in cases of moderate-to-severe stress urinary incontinence in males. Cuff erosions are one of the most important distant complications of AUS implantation. The optimal urethral management has still not been established.

Ultrasound imaging of male urethral stricture disease: a narrative review of the available evidence, focusing on selected prospective studies.

Purpose: To synthetize the current scientific knowledge on the use of ultrasound of the male urethra for evaluation of urethral stricture disease. This review aims to provide a detailed description of the technical aspects of ultrasonography, and provides some indications on clinical applications of it, based on the evidence available from the selected prospective studies. Advantages and limitations of the technique are also provided.