Integrated safety analysis of tofacitinib from Phase 2 and 3 trials of patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Objectives: Describe tofacitinib safety from an integrated analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Method: Pooled data from Phase 2 (NCT01786668; 04/2013-03/2015)/Phase 3 (NCT03502616; 06/2018-08/2020) RCTs in AS patients were analyzed (3 overlapping cohorts): 16-week placebo-controlled (tofacitinib 5 mg twice daily [BID] [n = 185]; placebo [n = 187]); 48-week only-tofacitinib 5 mg BID (n = 316); 48-week all-tofacitinib (≥ 1 dose of tofacitinib 2, 5, or 10 mg BID; n = 420). Baseline 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk was determined in patients without history of ASCVD (48-week cohorts).

Transcriptomic analysis of coxsackievirus B3 infection in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived brain-like endothelial cells.

Unlabelled: Viral aseptic meningitis is a neuroinflammatory condition that occurs when viruses gain access to the central nervous system (CNS) and induce inflammation. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is comprised of brain endothelial cells (BECs) that stringently regulate the passage of molecules, toxins, and pathogens from the circulation into the CNS. Through their unique properties, such as complex tight junctions, reduced rates of endocytosis, expression of efflux transporters, and restricted expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules, the BBB is often able to limit pathogen entry into the brain; however, certain neurotropic pathogens, such as coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) are able to infect the CNS.

Varicella zoster meningoencephalitis without exanthem: immunocompetent host.

In an immunocompetent person, varicella zoster virus (VZV) is an uncommon cause of aseptic meningoencephalitis. Reactivation of the latent varicella zoster virus from nerve infection results in shingles, a condition marked by rash, intense pain, and dermal involvement in immunocompromised hosts. We present an unusual case of a 22-year-old immunocompetent male diagnosed as VZV meningoencephalitis without exanthem.

The Role of Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) in Central Nervous System Infectious Syndromes.

We describe the proportion of VZV infection in central nervous system (CNS) infectious syndromes in a single Israeli medical center. An observational cohort study was conducted in Kaplan Medical Center (a secondary hospital, Israel) between July 1, 2014, and March 31, 2019. Included were adult patients (≥ 16 years old) with CNS infection with an aseptic CSF profile that were subjected to molecular tests for herpes viruses, HSV either 1 or 2, VZV, enteroviruses, and IgM for West Nile virus (WNV).

Increase in Adult Patients with Varicella Zoster Virus-Related Central Nervous System Infections, Japan.

An increase in the number of herpes zoster patients has been reported since universal varicella immunization was introduced, perhaps because of reduced opportunities for varicella patients to experience the natural booster effect caused by reexposure. We investigated recent trends of varicella zoster virus (VZV)-related central nervous system (CNS) infections at a university hospital in Japan. We enrolled patients with suspected CNS infection during 2013-2022 and tested cerebrospinal fluid samples by real-time PCR for DNA from 7 human herpesviruses.

Recurrent Aseptic (Mollaret) Meningitis: A Case Report.

Mollaret meningitis is a rare form of recurrent, self-resolving, aseptic meningitis with a high rate of return. Although it has been associated with several conditions, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is most common. Diagnosis requires recurrent (>3) episodes of aseptic meningitis as defined by pleocytosis in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with negative bacterial cultures.

Effect of Staphylococcal Decolonization Regime on Post-Craniotomy Meningitis.

Post craniotomy meningitis (PCM), an uncommon complication following craniotomy can be categorized as either bacterial meningitis (BM) or aseptic meningitis (AM) based on the results of CSF culture. Staph. aureus is a common causative organism.

Aseptic Meningitis as an Initial Presentation of Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A Case Report.

Neurological symptoms that occur before the diagnosis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (PSS) can vary and affect either the central nervous system (CNS) or the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Aseptic meningitis, although rare, can be an initial central neurological sign of PSS. This case report describes a 54-year-old patient who was initially presented with aseptic meningitis and was subsequently diagnosed with PSS.

An Uncommon Clinical Mystery: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Masquerading as Aseptic Meningitis in a Male Patient.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an intricate autoimmune disease characterized by its impact on various organ systems, presenting with a wide range of clinical manifestations such as hematologic, neuropsychiatric, mucocutaneous, serosal, musculoskeletal, immunologic, cardiac, pleuropulmonary, and renal symptoms. Although its etiology is primarily autoimmune, various triggers, such as pregnancy, certain drugs, and infections, can result in "flares" with frequent relapses. Although more common in females, SLE is not uncommon in males, with a significant proportion experiencing a high disease burden.

Post-COVID-19 Vaccination Meningitis and Meningoencephalitis: A Systematic Review of Case Series and Case Reports.

Meningitis and meningoencephalitis, as inflammatory diseases of the brain parenchyma, are serious events reported sporadically after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. However, there is a lack of systematic reviews consolidating these reported cases. By using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases.

Familial Mediterranean Fever: An Autoinflammatory Genetic Disorder.

A man in his 30s with a past medical history of fever episodes of unknown origin associated with abdominal and chest pain, arthralgias, and two episodes of aseptic meningitis, beginning at teenage, presented at the emergency department with similar symptoms and tinnitus with one week of evolution. A physical examination revealed left peripheral facial paresis and bilateral sensorineural deafness. From the etiological investigation, numerous tests were conducted to rule out infectious, paraneoplastic, and immune disorders, all of which yielded unremarkable results.