Common Wound Irrigation Solutions Produce Different Responses in Infected vs Sterile Host Tissue: Murine Air Pouch Infection Model.

Background: Despite desirable microbicidal actions of irrigation solutions in surgical site infection treatment, several studies demonstrate potential cytotoxic effects. This study investigated tissue damage caused by irrigation solutions in the presence or absence of infection.

Methods: Air pouches were created in 60 mice and evenly divided into 2 groups as infected with and control.

Coronary Subclavian Steal Syndrome in a 73-Year-Old Woman Presenting with Angiographically Confirmed Subclavian Artery Stenosis Proximal to the Left Internal Mammary.

BACKGROUND Coronary subclavian steal syndrome (CSSS) is an uncommon condition in which a high-grade stenosis of the subclavian artery proximal to an internal mammary artery bypass graft results in retrograde blood flow of the bypass graft. This report is of CSSS in a 73-year-old woman who presented with ventricular tachycardia and angiographically confirmed subclavian artery stenosis proximal to the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) bypass graft 3 years following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). CASE REPORT The patient was a 73-year-old woman with a past medical history of multivessel coronary artery disease, found on preoperative evaluation.

The potential role of integrin alpha 6 in human mesenchymal stem cells.

Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are isolated from various adult and perinatal tissues. Although mesenchymal stem cells from multiple sources exhibit similar morphology and cell surface markers, they differ in their properties. In this study, we determined that the expression of integrin alpha 6 () and antisense RNA () correlates with the proliferation, cell size, and differentiation potential.

Continuous positive airway pressure reduces the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are disorders that have increased in the United States during recent years. Earlier investigations have shown that underlying undiagnosed and unmanaged OSA plays a significant role in high rates and also as a trigger for newly diagnosed AF. Since the introduction of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) as a main therapy for OSA, more studies have evaluated the effect of CPAP on the development or recurrence of AF in OSA patients.

Tetraplegia is associated with increased hypoxic ventilatory response during nonrapid eye movement sleep.

People with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) are likely to experience chronic intermittent hypoxia while sleeping. The physiological effects of intermittent hypoxia on the respiratory system during spontaneous sleep in individuals with chronic cervical SCI are unknown. We hypothesized that individuals with cervical SCI would demonstrate higher short- and long-term ventilatory responses to acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) exposure than individuals with thoracic SCI during sleep.

The Relationship Between Coronary Dominance and Positive Results in Myocardial Perfusion Imaging.

Objective Our study aims to evaluate the possible relationship between coronary artery dominance and its effect on accurately identifying reversible ischemia of inferior/inferior-lateral wall on cardiac perfusion imaging. Background Coronary artery dominance is conventionally defined by the vessel which gives the rise to the AV nodal artery/posterior descending artery (PDA). Previous studies have explored the potential effect of coronary dominance on the accuracy of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) tests in detecting inferior/inferior-lateral wall ischemia; further evidence is necessary to study that potential effect.

Implantable Cardioverter-defibrillator Magnetic Interference by the iPhone 12: Is It Clinically Significant?

The iPhone 12 series (Apple, Inc., Cupertino, CA, USA) contains a circular array of magnets around a central charging coil (compatible with "Magsafe" technology). The device was recently reported to have magnetic interference with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs).

Women in Neurosurgery: A PRISMA-Compliant Systematic Review of Where We Stand and a Pilot Study on How to Move Forward.

Background: Surgical specialties struggle to recruit women. In this study, the authors performed a systematic review to describe progress of women in neurosurgery and highlight areas where further research is needed.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were queried with "women in neurosurgery" OR "female neurosurgeon," and publications with empiric research were included.

Impact of a Multimodal Simulation-based Curriculum on Endobronchial Ultrasound Skills.

Background: Currently there is no consensus on ideal teaching method to train novice trainees in EBUS. Simulation-based procedure training allows direct observation of trainees in a controlled environment without compromising patient safety.

Objective: We wanted to develop a comprehensive assessment of endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) performance of pulmonary fellows and assess the impact of a multimodal simulation-based curriculum for EBUS-guided transbronchial needle aspiration.

Mediators of Racial Disparities in Heart Dose Among Whole Breast Radiotherapy Patients.

Background: Racial disparities in survival of patients with cancer motivate research to quantify treatment disparities and evaluate multilevel determinants. Previous research has not evaluated cardiac radiation dose in large cohorts of breast cancer patients by race nor examined potential causes or implications of dose disparities.

Methods: We used a statewide consortium database to consecutively sample 8750 women who received whole breast radiotherapy between 2012 and 2018.

Targeting ESR1 mutation-induced transcriptional addiction in breast cancer with BET inhibition.

Acquired mutations in the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of the gene encoding estrogen receptor α (ESR1) are common mechanisms of endocrine therapy resistance in patients with metastatic ER+ breast cancer. The ESR1 Y537S mutation, in particular, is associated with development of resistance to most endocrine therapies used to treat breast cancer. Employing a high-throughput screen of nearly 1,200 Federal Drug Administration-approved (FDA-approved) drugs, we show that OTX015, a bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitor, is one of the top suppressors of ESR1 mutant cell growth.

Sagittal adjusting screws for the correction of grade IV spondylolisthesis in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: illustrative case.

Background: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) and its connective tissue laxity often result in high-grade lumbosacral spondylolisthesis. Patients present with debilitating symptoms and neurological deficits. Reports of surgical techniques in non-EDS patients for the treatment of high-grade lumbosacral spondylolisthesis mainly described an open approach, multilevel fusions, and multiple stages with different circumferential approaches.

Three-Dimensional-Printed Vaginal Molds for Use After McIndoe Neovagina Creation.

Background: Surgical vaginoplasty is a highly successful treatment for congenital absence of the vagina. One key to long-term success is the use of an appropriate vaginal mold in the immediate postoperative period. We present the use of a three-dimensional (3D)-printed vaginal mold, customizable to the anatomy of individual patients.

Eosinophilic Fasciitis: A Rare and Challenging Diagnosis in a Free Clinic Setting.

Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) is a rare ailment that affects the immune system. Due to the rarity of this condition, there are few clear diagnostic criteria for clinicians to focus on. This may lead to significant delays in reaching a diagnosis and offering proper treatment, and patients may end up seeing multiple different specialists.

Dearth of electrophysiology fellows: perspectives from cardiology fellows-in-training.

Background: Over the last 6 years, there has been a high percentage of unfilled cardiac electrophysiology (EP) training spots each year. The authors aimed to investigate potential explanations for the unfilled positions based on a survey from the current Fellows-In-Training (FITs).

Methods: An attempt was made to reach the current cardiology FITs across all programs of the U.

Efficacy and toxicity of the DPCPX nanoconjugate drug study for the treatment of spinal cord injury in rats.

Effects of the Adenosine A1 blockade using 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-diprophyxanthine (DPCPX) nanoconjugate on inducing recovery of the hemidiaphragm paralyzed by hemisection have been thoroughly examined previously; however, the toxicology of DPCPX nanoconjugate remains unknown. This research study investigates the therapeutic efficacy and toxicology of the nanoconjugate DPCPX in the cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) rat model. We hypothesized that a single injection of nanoconjugate DPCPX in the paralyzed left hemidiaphragm (LDH) of hemisected rats at the 2nd cervical segment (C2Hx) would lead to the long-term recovery of LDH while showing minimal toxicity.

Extraordinary Creatine Phosphokinase Levels in Coxsackie B Necrotizing Myopathy Complicated by Rhabdomyolysis.

Coxsackie B infections can have varying clinical presentations. Necrotizing myopathy and rhabdomyolysis with remarkably high creatine phosphokinase levels is a rare complication associated with high morbidity and mortality. A 28-year-old male presented with complaints of weakness, body aches, and decreased urine output.

Outcomes from the ClotTriever Outcomes Registry show symptom duration may underestimate deep vein thrombus chronicity.

Objective: The all-comer ClotTriever Outcomes registry assessed indicators of thrombus chronicity in patients with acute, subacute, and chronic lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The effectiveness of the ClotTriever System (Inari Medical, Irvine, CA) by chronicity subgroup was also assessed and reported here in this subanalysis.

Methods: All-comer patients with lower extremity DVT were enrolled, with no limitation based on the patients' symptom duration.

Does i-scan improve adenoma detection rate compared to high-definition colonoscopy? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Recent studies evaluated the impact of i-scan in improving the adenoma detection rate (ADR) compared to high-definition (HD) colonoscopy. We aimed to systematically review and analyze the impact of this technique. A thorough search of the following databases was undertaken: PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane and Web of Science.

Comparison of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Outcomes Among Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap, and Pickwickian Syndrome (Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome).

Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is often present in coronary artery disease patients and confers a high risk of complications following percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). The impact of two commonly associated comorbid conditions, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS, Pickwickian syndrome) in OSA patients undergoing PCI has never been studied. Methods The National Inpatient Sample (NIS; 2007-2014) was queried using the International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification 9 (ICD-9-CM) codes to compare baseline characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes in adults undergoing PCI with OSA, COPD-overlap syndrome, and OSA+OHS.

Computer Navigation for Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty Reduces Dislocation Rates.

Purpose: Computer navigation in total hip arthroplasty (THA) offers potential for more accurate placement of acetabular components, avoiding impingement, edge loading, and dislocation, all of which can necessitate revision THA (rTHA). Therefore, the use of computer navigation may be particularly beneficial in patients undergoing rTHA. The purpose of this study was to determine if the use of computer-assisted hip navigation reduces the rate of dislocation in patients undergoing rTHA.