679 results match your criteria: "Asahi University School of Dentistry[Affiliation]"

Solubility affects IL-1β-producing activity of the synthetic candidalysin peptide.

PLoS One

September 2022

Department of Oral Microbiology, Division of Oral Infection Health Sciences, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Mizuho, Gifu, Japan.

Candidalysin, a peptide toxin produced specifically from hyphae of Candida albicans, plays a crucial role in C. albicans pathogenesis in the oral cavity and vagina. Synthetic peptides have been widely used in previous studies to investigate the bioactivity of candidalysin.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how psychological stress, assessed using the Mind Monitoring System (MIMOSYS), impacts periodontal disease among university students.
  • Researchers conducted oral exams and administered self-reported questionnaires to 40 participants, measuring stress levels and mental health at the start and after two weeks.
  • Findings revealed that lower morning vitality and mental activity were linked to worse periodontal health, suggesting that monitoring psychological stress could help in early detection of gum diseases.
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For pancreatic islet transplantation, pancreas procurement, preservation, and islet isolation destroy cellular and non-cellular components and activate components such as resident neutrophils, which play an important role in the impairment of islet survival. It has been reported that inhibitors of neutrophil elastase (NE), such as sivelestat and α1-antitrypsin, could contribute to improvement of islet isolation and transplantation. In this study, we investigated whether pancreatic preservation with alvelestat, a novel NE inhibitor, improves porcine islet yield and function.

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Objective: This study explored the feasibility of using deep learning for profiling of panoramic radiographs.

Study Design: Panoramic radiographs of 1000 patients were used. Patients were categorized using seven dental or physical characteristics: age, gender, mixed or permanent dentition, number of presenting teeth, impacted wisdom tooth status, implant status, and prosthetic treatment status.

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HNSCCs are the major progressive malignancy of the upper digestive and respiratory organs. Malignant phenotypes of HNSCCs are regulated by the pro- and anti-tumoral activities of the immune modulatory cytokines associated with TMEs, i.e.

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Objectives: In this report, we attempt to clarify the immune modulatory effects of Brazilian green propolis (BGP) and its major component, artepillin C, on the cytokine production of anti-CD3 antibody-stimulated mouse spleen cells. We also estimate the physiological mechanism affecting artepillin C's upon the cells.

Methods: Male C3H/HeN mouse spleen cells stimulated by antiCD3 monoclonal antibody were co-cultured with BGP, artepillin C, and HC030031, a transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) Ca channel antagonist.

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In the human hippocampus, the pyramidal layer consists of the inferior aspect of the hippocampus which is organized segmentally. Each segment, together with granule layer of the dentate gyrus, exhibits structural unity. In humans, ellipsoidal protrusions called pyramidal hillocks (PHs), which consist of a thick pyramidal cell layer (PL), are present in the inferior aspect of the hippocampus, and are segmentally organized along a longitudinal axis.

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In humans, the soleus is more developed compared to other primates and has a unique architecture composed of anterior bipennate and posterior unipennate parts, which are innervated by different nerve branches. The anterior part of the human soleus was proposed to be important for bipedalism, however, the phylogenetic process resulting in its acquisition remains unclear. Providing insights into this process, the anterior part of the soleus was suggested to be closely related to the plantaris based on the branching pattern of their nerve fascicles.

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Zoledronic acid mediated differential activation of NK cells in different organs of WT and Rag2 mice; stark differences between the bone marrow and gingivae.

Cell Immunol

May 2022

Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, University of California School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Ave, 90095 Los Angeles, USA; Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA USA 90095. Electronic address:

We have previously shown that natural killer (NK) cells expand, and increase their function after interaction with cells that exhibit a number of different knock-down genes. We hypothesized that deletion or knockdown of a variety of key genes such as RAG may cause de-differentiation of the cells which could lead to increased NK expansion and function since we have shown previously that NK cells are activated and expanded by less differentiated cells. When comparing the function of NK cells from bone marrow (BM), spleen, pancreas, adipose tissue, and gingiva from WT mice to those from Rag2 mice, we observed a significant increase in IFN-γ secretion in all tissues of Rag2 mice versus in WT mice, with the exception of the gingivae in which similar levels were observed.

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Potential of Fluoride-Containing Zinc Oxide and Copper Oxide Nanocomposites on Dentin Bonding Ability.

Nanomaterials (Basel)

April 2022

Division of Clinical Cariology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan.

Despite recent advances in bonding restorations, which are the basis of restorative dentistry, secondary caries are still able to form. Previously, a novel fluoride-containing zinc and copper (ZCF) nanocomposite was introduced to prevent the formation of caries due to its antibacterial activity. In this study, we studied the impact of ZCF nanoparticles on the adhesive strength of bonding restorations through micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS) testing.

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In the oviparous medaka fish, Oryzias latipes, mature spermatozoa that were artificially introduced into the ovarian cavity retaining ovulated eggs could internally fertilize these eggs. This enabled us to examine the effect of ovarian gestation on the ovulation cycle. Most freshly ovulated eggs could be internally fertilized in the ovarian cavity.

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Early detection of such retinal diseases as glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is important to prevent blindness. There have been reports of changes in some components in the tears of glaucoma and AMD patients, suggesting tears' potential usefulness in screening for retinal diseases. We hypothesized that retinal damage might alter gene expression in the lacrimal gland, leading to those changes in tear components.

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Objective: Although acetaminophen is one of the most widely used over-the-counter drugs, the mechanisms by which this classical drug exerts analgesic, hepatotoxic, and nephrotoxic effects remain unclear. We hypothesized that acetaminophen might act on cellular membranes of nerves, liver, and kidneys. In order to verify this hypothesis, we studied the interactivity of acetaminophen with biomimetic lipid bilayer membranes by comparing with structurally related phenacetin.

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Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) associated with inflammation is diagnosed by endomyocardial biopsy; patients with this have a poorer prognosis than patients without inflammation. To date, standard diagnostic criteria have not been established.

Methods and results: This study analyzed clinical records and endomyocardial biopsy samples of 261 patients with DCM (201 males, median left ventricular ejection fraction; 28%) from 8 institutions in a multicenter retrospective study.

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Background: Autophagy is a cellular process that degrades a cell's own cytoplasmic components for energy provision and to maintain a proper intracellular environment. Left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR) promises a better prognosis for patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Objectives: The authors tested the hypothesis that autophagy is involved in LVRR and has prognostic value in the human failing heart.

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Purpose: Tooth extraction is a last resort treatment for resolving pathological complications of dentition induced by infection and injury. Although the extraction wound generally heals uneventfully, resulting in the formation of an edentulous residual ridge, some patients experience long-term and severe residual ridge reduction. The objective of this review was to provide a contemporary understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that may potentially cause edentulous jawbone resorption.

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Features of mandibular cortical bone morphology in osteoporotic fracture patients.

Oral Radiol

October 2022

Department of Oral Oncology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, 5-11-13, Sugano, Ichikawa, Chiba, Tokyo, 272-8513, Japan.

Article Synopsis
  • * The study involved 75 patients (55 female, 20 male) with a history of osteoporotic fractures, divided into primary and secondary osteoporosis groups, and assessed using BMD measurements and panoramic radiography.
  • * Findings revealed that the mandibular cortex index (MCI) and mandibular cortex width (MCW) are effective indicators for identifying osteoporotic conditions, showing similar sensitivity values to lumbar BMD in detecting osteoporosis.
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Erratum to "Regulatory Mechanisms of Branching Morphogenesis in Mouse Submandibular Gland Rudiments" [Jpn Dent Sci Rev. (54/1) (2018) 2-7].

Jpn Dent Sci Rev

November 2021

Laboratory of Anatomy and Histology, Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Medicine, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.

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Taste-signaling proteins, which are expressed throughout the digestive tract, are involved in regulating metabolism and immunity. This study aimed to determine if these genes are expressed and altered in jejunal tissues from patients with extreme obesity who received bariatric surgery. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that phospholipase C beta 2 and transient receptor potential channel M5 expression was downregulated in the jejunum of patients with a body mass index above 50, whereas gustducin expression remained unchanged.

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Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase, a Possible Mediator of Cell Maturation: Towards a New Paradigm.

Cells

November 2021

Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a ubiquitous membrane-bound glycoprotein capable of providing inorganic phosphate by catalyzing the hydrolysis of organic phosphate esters, or removing inorganic pyrophosphate that inhibits calcification. In humans, four forms of ALP cDNA have been cloned, among which tissue-nonspecific ALP (TNSALP) (TNSALP) is widely distributed in the liver, bone, and kidney, making it an important marker in clinical and basic research. Interestingly, TNSALP is highly expressed in juvenile cells, such as pluripotent stem cells (i.

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Alpha-thalassemia X-linked intellectual disability (ATR-X) syndrome affects males and is associated with profound developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, genital abnormalities, and alpha thalassemia. Appropriate oral health management for affected patients is important. The purposes of this report are to describe a case involving six years of oral health management, including training in eating, drinking and swallowing, for a patient with ATR-X syndrome, and to discuss the morphological and functional oral characteristics of this disorder.

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Syndecan-1 is found in the endothelial glycocalyx and is released into the bloodstream during stressed conditions, including severe diseases such as acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. This study investigated the prognostic value of serum syndecan-1 concentration in patients with heart failure upon admission. Serum syndecan-1 concentration was analyzed in 152 patients who were hospitalized for worsening heart failure from September 2017 to June 2018.

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Background And Objective: Exosomes are small vesicles secreted from many cell types. Their biological effects largely depend on their cellular origin and the physiological state of the originating cells. Exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells exert therapeutic effects against multiple diseases and may serve as potential alternatives to stem cell therapies.

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Evaluation of skin sensitization based on interleukin-2 promoter activation in Jurkat cells.

Biomed Rep

January 2022

Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama 700-0082, Japan.

Skin sensitization is an allergic reaction caused by certain chemical substances, and is an important factor to be taken into consideration when evaluating the safety of numerous types of products. Although animal testing has long been used to evaluate skin sensitization, the recent trend to regulate such testing has led to the development and use of alternative methods. Skin sensitization reactions are summarized in the form of an adverse outcome pathway consisting of four key events (KE), including covalent binding to skin proteins (KE1), keratinocyte activation (KE2), and dendritic cell activation (KE3).

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The insulin promoter is regulated by ubiquitous as well as pancreatic β-cell-specific transcription factors. In the insulin promoter, GG2-GG1/A2-C1 (bases - 149 to - 116 in the human insulin promoter) play important roles in regulating β-cell-specific expression of the insulin gene. However, these events were identified through in vitro studies, and we are unaware of comparable in vivo studies.

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