Septic gonococcal arthritis in a pediatric patient: Rare case report.

Introduction: Septic arthritis is an orthopedic emergency that requires rapid diagnosis and treatment due to the rapid destruction to cartilage. The responsible organism and etiology differs depending on patient age, especially in children. Gonococcal Arthritis in toddlers is a rare occurrence with few documented cases in the literature.

Arthrocentesis, arthroscopy or arthrotomy for septic knee arthritis in children: a systematic review.

Purpose: Septic knee arthritis in children can be treated by arthrocentesis (articular needle aspiration) with or without irrigation, arthroscopy or arthrotomy followed by antibiotics. The objective of this systematic review was to identify the most effective drainage technique for septic arthritis of the knee in children.

Methods: The electronic PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases were systematically searched for original articles that reported outcomes of arthrocentesis, arthroscopy or arthrotomy for septic arthritis of the knee.

Diagnostic algorithm in septic total knee arthroplasty failure - What is evidence-based?

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is among the most common differential diagnoses of total knee arthroplasty failure. It is a challenging complication, not least because of the difficulty of establishing the correct diagnosis. The fact that no single diagnostic parameter or test has been identified that can accurately rule in or out PJI has led to an evolution of similar but competing definitions of PJI on the grounds of an array of criteria.

Treatment Algorithm for Surgical Site Infections Following Extensor Mechanism Repair.

»: Despite general agreement regarding techniques for extensor mechanism repair, there is very limited guidance in the literature for the management of surgical site infections (SSIs) that may occur after these procedures.

»: Early or mild superficial SSIs, such as cellulitis, can be managed on an outpatient basis while monitoring for improvement, with escalated intervention if the symptoms do not resolve within 1 week.

»: Deep SSIs should be managed more aggressively with surgical irrigation and debridement (I&D), including the knee joint, depending on the results of the aspiration, removal of all braided nonabsorbable suture (if necessary) with immediate or delayed exchange with monofilament suture, and the administration of parenteral antibiotics based on culture results and an infectious disease consult.

An unexpected case of Cardiobacterium valvarum prosthetic arthritis without cardiac lesions: Case report and literature review.

We report a case of prosthetic arthritis caused by Cardiobacterium valvarum, which has been exclusively reported to cause intravascular infections. A 81-year-old Japanese female complained prosthetic knee joint pain. Arthrocentesis cultured no pathogen, and surgical replacement of the implant surface was performed.

Unilateral knee effusion in an elderly patient: an unusual presentation of rheumatoid arthritis.

Unilateral atraumatic knee effusion is a relatively common presenting complaint among geriatric patients in primary care and musculoskeletal speciality clinics. Gout, pseudogout, degenerative joint diseases and reactive arthritis are the most common causes of the atraumatic knee effusions. Rheumatoid arthritis very rarely presents as arthritis of one or two large joints.

An uncommon case of native joint septic arthritis by Parvimonas micra.

Parvimonas micra is an anaerobic, Gram-positive coccus found in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. We report a case of a 77-year-old male with right knee pain after a recent dental procedure and fall. Arthrocentesis was notable for Parvimonas micra which was successfully treated with metronidazole.

Concurrence of Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis with Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition in a Postacute Stroke Patient.

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare synovial proliferative disease featuring hemosiderin deposits. Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) is a crystal-induced inflammatory arthritis common in the elderly. We reported the case of a 78-year-old male who was under stroke rehabilitation when acute inflammatory and hemorrhagic knee arthritis of his paretic lower limb occurred.

Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis Presenting as Polyarticular Septic Arthritis: A Case Report.

Coccidioidomycosis a fungal infection endemic to southwestern United States. It is caused by inhalation of spores of . Sixty percent of infections are asymptomatic; the remaining 40% are primarily pulmonary disease.

Effect of an oral preparation containing hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, hydrolyzed collagen type II and hydrolyzed keratin on synovial fluid features and clinical indices in knee osteoarthritis. A pilot study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an oral preparation containing a naturally occurring matrix of hydrolyzed collagen type II, chondroitin sulfate (CS), and hyaluronic acid (HA), and bioactive oligopeptides of natural hydrolyzed keratin (K) in patients affected by knee OA through the evaluation of synovial fluid (SF) and clinical changes before and after treatment. Thirty patients with knee OA and swollen joint were included in the study and submitted to arthrocentesis. Patients were randomized in two groups: 1) the treatment group (N.

Synovial fluid peptidase activity as a biomarker for knee osteoarthritis clinical progression.

Aims: To analyze the potential role of synovial fluid peptidase activity as a measure of disease burden and predictive biomarker of progression in knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 39 patients (women 71.8%, men 28.

[Application of percutaneous pie-crusting deep medial collateral ligament release for posterior horn surgery of medial meniscus].

Objective: To explore clinical and radiographic effects of percutaneous pie-crusting deep medial collateral ligament release in patients with posterior horn tear of medial meniscus combined with tight medial compartment.

Methods: From January 2012 to December 2016, 35 patients with medial meniscus posterior horn injury were treated with percutaneous pie crusting deep medial collateral ligament release technique, including 21 males and 14 females, aged from 21 to 55 years old with an average of (39.1±6.

Increased Diagnostic Certainty of Periprosthetic Joint Infections by Combining Microbiological Results with Histopathological Samples Gained via a Minimally Invasive Punching Technique.

Background: The diagnosis of low-grade infections of endoprostheses is challenging. There are still no unified guidelines for standardised diagnostic approaches, recommendations are categorised into major and minor criteria. Additional histopathological samples might sustain the diagnosis.

Medicare coverage patterns favor non-invasive and minimally-invasive treatments of knee osteoarthritis compared to temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis.

Objective: To compare Medicare coverage patterns for treatments of knee osteoarthritis (OA) to those of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) OA.

Methods: The International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes were used to identify knee OA, TMJ OA, and related diagnoses. The AAPC Coder was utilized to search for Medicare insurance coverage by state/district for the indicated CPT codes.

Evaluation of an oral joint supplement on gait kinematics and biomarkers of cartilage metabolism and inflammation in mature riding horses.

Twenty stock-type horses (589 ± 126 kg BW; 13 ± 8 yr) were used in a completely randomized design for 28-d to evaluate the impact of a joint supplement on gait kinematics, inflammation, and cartilage metabolism. Horses were stratified by age, sex, body weight (BW), and initial lameness scores and were randomly assigned to one of two dietary treatments consisting of either a 100-g placebo top-dressed daily to 0.6% BW (as-fed) commercial concentrate (CON; = 10; SafeChoice Original, Cargill, Inc.

[Arthrocentesis in the Emergency Department].

Arthrocentesis in the Emergency Department Acute joint swelling is a common presentation to the emergency department. Although routine investigations like clinical exam, labs and eventually x-ray are usually obtained, definitive diagnosis must be established since timely recognition of septic arthritis in particular is crucial. Definitive diagnosis is achieved by performing an arthrocentesis of the affected joint.

The impact of a hands-on arthrocentesis workshop in undergraduate medical education.

Background: To evaluate the impact of a training programme for arthrocentesis on procedural skills enhancement and self-confidence in medical students.

Methods: Participants were provided a structured workshop on injection models. A self-confidence questionnaire and medical knowledge assessment were performed.

Complications of hemophilia in the elbow: current management.

Introduction: After the ankle and knee, the elbow is the most commonly impaired joint in patients with hemophilia.

Areas Covered: A Cochrane Library and PubMed (MEDLINE) search related to elbow problems in hemophilia was conducted. Early and continuous primary hematological prophylaxis (ideally starting in infancy) is essential, given that the juvenile elbow is highly prone to the musculoskeletal complications of hemophilia.

A Review of Current Management of Knee Hemarthrosis in the Non-Hemophilic Population.

The knee joint is one of the most frequently injured joints in the body, and the resulting injury may often lead to the presence of a bloody effusion, or hemarthrosis. The acute management of this condition can have long-lasting implications, and may ultimately result in the early onset of osteoarthritis in this population. Heme, a breakdown product of erythrocytes, and associated pro-inflammatory mediators, are known to have deleterious interactions with cartilage and synovium.

Efficacy of arthrocentesis and lavage for treatment of post-traumatic arthritis in temporomandibular joints.

Objectives: Joint injuries frequently lead to progressive joint degeneration that causes articular disc derangement, joint inflammation, and osteoarthritis. Such arthropathies that arise after trauma are defined as post-traumatic arthritis (PTA). Although PTA is well recognized in knee and elbow joints, PTA in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) has not been clearly defined.

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction reinitiates an inflammatory and chondrodegenerative process in the knee joint.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury leads to a sustained increase in synovial fluid concentrations of inflammatory cytokines and biomarkers of cartilage breakdown. While this has been documented post-injury, it remains unclear whether ACL reconstruction surgery contributes to the inflammatory process and/or cartilage breakdown. This study is a secondary analysis of 14 patients (nine males/five females, mean age = 9, mean BMI = 28) enrolled in an IRB-approved randomized clinical trial.

Embolization for intractable spontaneous hemarthrosis of the knee joint in the elderly patient: Case report.

Rationale: Several case reports about the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches of hemarthrosis after total knee arthroplasty using angiogram have been reported, owing to the probability of bleeding caused by vascular injuries. However, there were only few cases of spontaneous hemarthrosis of the knee joint in the elderly patient that have not undergone total knee arthroplasty that have been previously reported.

Patients Concerns: An 82-year-old male presented to our outpatient department with acute left knee pain.

Medical versus surgical treatment in native hip and knee septic arthritis.

Objective: Antibiotic treatment and arthroscopic or open drainage is the gold standard for septic arthritis. Full recovery takes time after surgery and hospital stay is longer than for arthrocentesis at the bedside. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of arthrocentesis (medical approach) versus a surgical approach.

The two faces of the same medal… or maybe not? Comparing osteoarthritis and calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease: a laboratory and ultrasonographic study.

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) and calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) are frequently associated but the real relation between these diseases is not still understood. The aim of this paper is to investigate the characteristics in terms of inflammation, anatomical changes and synovial fluid (SF) features in knees of patients with OA and CPPD.

Methods: Consecutive patients older than 55 years with knee pain and swelling were enrolled.