Prion protein modulation of virus-specific T cell differentiation and function during acute viral infection.

The differentiation and functionality of virus-specific T cells during acute viral infections are crucial for establishing long-term protective immunity. While numerous molecular regulators impacting T cell responses have been uncovered, the role of cellular prion proteins (PrPc) remains underexplored. Here, we investigated the impact of PrPc deficiency on the differentiation and function of virus-specific T cells using the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) Armstrong acute infection model.

The Cutaneous Pathology of Erythromelalgia and Its Role in Establishing Critical Clues Regarding Pathogenesis.

Erythromelalgia, a rare cutaneous pain syndrome, is characterized by acral burning pain and flushing, often alleviated by cold and rest. Primary erythromelalgia is caused by gain-of-function mutations of genes encoding for sodium channels, resulting in hyperexcitability of pain signaling neurons. Autoimmunity and hematologic dyscrasias such as thrombocythemia have been implicated in secondary erythromelalgia.

Plasma Humanin and Non-Coding RNAs as Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Pilot Study.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), largely driven by peripheral endothelial dysfunction (ED). Humanin, a mitochondrial-derived peptide, has been suggested to play a protective role in endothelial function. However, the relationship between Humanin levels and ED in RA, as well as the interaction between Humanin and non-coding RNAs such as Long Non-Coding RNA GAS5, microRNA-21 (miR-21), and microRNA-103 (miR-103), remains unclear.

DNA and RNA Methylation in Rheumatoid Arthritis-A Narrative Review.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive autoimmune disease leading to structural and functional joint damage and, eventually, to physical disability. The pathogenesis of the disease is highly complex and involves interactions between fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) and immune cells, which stimulate the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, leading to chronic inflammation. In recent years, studies have demonstrated the importance of epigenetics in RA.

Clinical aspects of psoriatic arthritis: one year in review 2024.

Psoriatic arthritis is a very pleomorphic inflammatory disease characterised by its association with psoriasis and the development of a wide spectrum of comorbidities that can impact patients' prognosis and quality of life.In recent years, several new drugs have been developed, showing significant efficacy in alleviating symptoms and signs, while maintaining a generally favourable safety profile. Despite these advancements, the management of PsA remains potentially suboptimal.

Citrullinated Autoantigen-Specific T and B Lymphocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Focus on Follicular T Helper Cells and Expansion by Coculture.

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by circulating anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) autoantibodies (ACPAs), resulting in inflammation of the joints and other organs. We have established novel assays to assess immune cell subpopulations, including citrullinated antigen-specific (CAS) autoreactive B and T lymphocytes, in patients with RA.

Methods And Results: We found that activated CD25 T cells were markedly increased in patients with RA compared to healthy controls.

CD34hi subset of synovial fibroblasts contributes to fibrotic phenotype of human knee osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) shows various clinical manifestations depending on the status of its joint components. We aimed to identify the synovial cell subsets responsible for OA pathophysiology by comprehensive analyses of human synovium samples in single-cell resolution. Two distinct OA synovial tissue groups were classified by gene expression profiles in RNA-Seq: inflammatory and fibrotic.

Effect of an Electronic Pill Bottle on Hydroxychloroquine Adherence in Pediatric Lupus: Results of a Novel Direct-to-Family Pilot Trial.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the preliminary effectiveness of an electronic pill bottle with automated reminders on hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) adherence in children with pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE).

Methods: This was a self-controlled, open label, direct-to-family pilot trial. Children with pSLE treated with HCQ were recruited from the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry.

Characteristics of Resection Parameters in Robot-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty With the Ligament Balancing Workflow.

Objective: Robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a novel orthopedic technique. The workflow of robotic-assisted TKA is quite different from that of traditional manual TKA and may result incompletely different resection parameters. Understanding these parameters may help surgeons better perform robotic-assisted TKA.

Anti-arthritic potential of crude sulfated polysaccharide from marine macroalgae (Turner) C. Agardh: Regulation of cytokine cascade.

Seaweeds have been utilized as food, fodder, fertilizer, and medicine since ancient times; nevertheless, they have received only a little attention. In the current work, we extracted the sulfated polysaccharide from a marine source and investigated its anti-arthritic potential . The isolated and freeze-dried polysaccharide was tested for acute oral toxicity based on OECD 423.

Patient-Reported Fatigue Associated with Joint Histopathology in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Objective: Fatigue is important for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but is poorly understood. We sought to study associations of fatigue with clinical features, disease activity, and synovial histology.

Methods: Patients meeting the American College of Rheumatology/EULAR 1987 and/or 2010 RA criteria were recruited before elective total joint replacement.

Determinants of physical function, as measured using PROMIS PF-10a, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from the international COVID-19 Vaccination in Autoimmune Diseases (COVAD) study.

Objectives: Physical function in RA is largely influenced by multiple clinical factors, however, there is a growing body of evidence that psychological state and other comorbidities also play an essential role. Using data obtained in the COVID-19 Vaccination in Autoimmune Diseases study, an international self-reported e-survey, we aimed to explore the predictive ability of sociodemographic and clinical variables on Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function Short Form 10a (PROMIS PF-10a) in RA and to investigate variation in disease activity and functional outcomes based on country-level socio-economic parameters.

Methods: Patient demographics, disease characteristics including current symptom status, functional status and treatment variables, as well as income level of the country of residence, were extracted from survey responses.

Deciphering hub genes and immune landscapes related to neutrophil extracellular traps in rheumatoid arthritis: insights from integrated bioinformatics analyses and experiments.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation and progressive joint destruction. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a microreticular structure formed after neutrophil death, have recently been implicated in RA pathogenesis and pathological mechanisms. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and key genes involved in NET formation in RA remain largely unknown.

Case report: Looking for relationship between type 1 diabetes and chronic recurrent osteomyelitis: short literature review and case presentation.

Background: Childhood autoimmune disorders involve the immune system attacking its own tissues, leading to varied symptoms, while autoinflammatory disorders result from innate immune system dysregulation, both requiring extensive diagnosis and multidisciplinary management due to their complexity.

Case Presentation: We present a unique clinical case of a teenager with a combination of autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders. The initial manifestation of hip pain, coupled with progressive symptoms over several years and findings in multiple magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, culminated in the diagnosis of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO).

A comparative cross-sectional study of psychological distress, fatigue, and physical activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Sjögren's disease.

Introduction: Anxiety and depression are common in patients with rheumatic diseases, but their impact across conditions like rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and primary Sjögren's disease (SjD) is still not well understood. This study aims to compare depression, anxiety, and fatigue, and their effects on disease activity and physical activity in these conditions.

Methods: From January 2019 to March 2021, patients with RA, primary SjD and SLE were assessed consecutively in a monocentric cross-sectional study at the rheumatology outpatient clinic of the Hannover Medical School.

Achieving reliable patient reported outcomes collection to measure health care improvement in a learning health network: lessons from pediatric rheumatology care and outcomes improvement network.

Introduction: Data from the Pediatric Rheumatology Care and Outcomes Improvement Network (PR-COIN) registry suggests that reliable collection of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) varies across sites. The objective of this study was to better understand the practices of collecting PROs at PR-COIN sites.

Methods: A REDCap survey was sent to the lead representative for each PR-COIN site.

Arthroscopic Bone Grafting of Deep Acetabular Cysts in Hip Preservation Surgery: A Matched Case-Control Study.

Background: Acetabular subchondral cysts are commonly identified signs of joint degeneration and arthritis. This pathology is generally considered a relative contraindication for hip preservation surgery.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of arthroscopic bone grafting for the treatment of acetabular subchondral cysts.

Impact of disease cyclicity on quality-of-life impairment-A mixed method explanatory study.

Background: Disease cyclicity, a composite measure of unpredictable and daily fluctuations of symptoms, strongly predicts quality-of-life (QoL) impairment.

Objective: To explore the mechanisms by which cyclicity impacts QoL.

Methods: 1:1 semi-structured interviews were conducted and qualitatively analyzed using grounded theory.

Changes in health related quality of life in mothers with inflammatory joint disease from year 2000 to 2020 - a comparative cross-sectional study.

Objectives: More knowledge about health related quality of life (HRQoL) among mothers with inflammatory joint disease (IJD) is needed to understand the complex challenges for this group of patients. The overall aim of this study was to investigate changes in HRQoL among mothers with IJD from year 2000 to year 2020.

Methods: This study had a comparative cross-sectional design with two study groups 20 years apart, year 2000 ( = 77) and year 2020 ( = 197).

Quercetin nanoparticles as a therapeutic approach: pharmacological actions and potential applications in therapy.

The utilization of quercetin nanoparticles as a novel therapeutic strategy has garnered significant attention in recent years. These nanoparticles offer a unique approach to enhancing delivery and effectiveness while overcoming the drawbacks of quercetin. By exploiting the advantages of nanotechnology, such as increased stability and improved bioavailability, quercetin nanoparticles hold significant potential for developing innovative treatments across various medical fields.

The Role of the Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathway in Autoimmune Diseases and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Literature Review.

Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) is a pattern recognition receptor that connects innate and adaptive immunity and participates in inflammatory responses play a key role in common autoimmune diseases such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), psoriasis, and Sjögren's syndrome (SS) by participating in antigen recognition, immune cell activation, and inflammatory factor release. Due to the multi-component and multi-target characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the role of TCM active ingredients acting on TLRs has been widely studied. This article describes the relationship between TLR and four autoimmune diseases, as well as a review of the efficacy of TLR intervention by active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine.

Dual-State Emissive Mitochondrial Viscosity Probe for Long-Term Imaging of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a destructive autoimmune disease that seriously affects human health. Due to the lack of a cure for RA, a good prognosis largely depends on early diagnosis and effective treatment monitoring of RA. Therefore, the development of fluorescent probes capable of real-time detection of RA is of great significance.

Sjögren's Syndrome Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Vitiligo.

Objectives: Limited studies reported the correlation between Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and vitiligo. This study explores the association between SS and the risk of developing vitiligo and assesses comorbidity profiles and medication impacts.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, population-based analysis using data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, spanning 2008 to 2019.

Investigation of the Mechanism of Pachyman against Gout Arthritis with Network Pharmacology Analysis and Verification In Vivo.

Purpose: Pachyman, derived from Poria cocos, has been used to treat gouty arthritis (GA) for thousands of years, although its precise role and mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we investigate the therapeutic effects of pachyman on GA and explore their underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Network pharmacology and experimental methods were employed to investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of pachyman against GA.

Drug-drug interaction between ensitrelvir and tacrolimus in a patient undergoing treatment for COVID-19: a case report.

Background: Ensitrelvir is a novel SARS-CoV-2 3-chymotrypsin-like protease inhibitor, similar to nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Several case reports have demonstrated the efficacy of 3-chymotrypsin-like protease inhibitors in treating prolonged coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in immunocompromised patients. Tacrolimus (TAC) is a widely used immunosuppressive agent whose blood level can increase significantly due to the inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) and P-glycoprotein by nirmatrelvir/ritonavir.