Multi-segment foot kinematics during running and its association with striking patterns.

There is an ongoing debate regarding the advantages and harms of different running striking patterns. The purpose of this study was to explore the kinematic differences between running with a midfoot- and rearfoot striking (RFS) pattern.Multi-segment foot kinematics of 12 students were assessed while running barefoot at 3.

The relationship between basic, instrumental, and advanced activities of daily living and executive functioning in geriatric patients with neurocognitive disorders.

Objective: Although many studies explored the relationship between executive functions (EF) and activities of daily living (ADLs) in cognitive disorders, previous studies used measurements without well-defined levels of ADLs. This study explored the relationship between EF and the threefold classification of everyday functioning (basic or b-, instrumental or i-, and advanced or a-ADLs) and examined how EF account for the variance in this triad of everyday functioning.

Methods: A sample of 44 cognitively healthy persons, 41 persons with mild cognitive impairment, and 35 persons with Alzheimer disease were assessed with comprehensive measures of EF and the b-, i-, and a-ADL tools.

The relationship between quality of life in a nursing home and personal, organizational, activity-related factors and social satisfaction: a cross-sectional study with multiple linear regression analyses.

This study aimed to investigate quality of life in nursing home residents and the relationship with personal, organizational, activity-related factors and social satisfaction. In a cross-sectional survey study in 73 nursing homes in Flanders, Belgium, 171 cognitively healthy residents were randomly recruited (mean age 85.40 years [±5.

Prolonged Sitting Interrupted by 6-Min of High-Intensity Exercise: Circulatory, Metabolic, Hormonal, Thermal, Cognitive, and Perceptual Responses.

The aim was to examine certain aspects of circulatory, metabolic, hormonal, thermoregulatory, cognitive, and perceptual responses while sitting following a brief session of high-intensity interval exercise. Twelve students (five men; age, 22 ± 2 years) performed two trials involving either simply sitting for 180 min (SIT) or sitting for this same period with a 6-min session of high-intensity exercise after 60 min (SIT+HIIT). At T (after 30 min of resting), T (after a 20-min breakfast), T (after sitting for 1 h), T (immediately after the HIIT), T, T, T, and T (30, 60, 90, and 120 min after the HIIT), circulatory, metabolic, hormonal, thermoregulatory, cognitive, and perceptual responses were assessed.

Improving student midwives' workplace learning by moving from self- to co-regulated learning!

Background: Contemporary perspectives on regulated learning are moving beyond models, emphasising individual learning (self-regulated learning) to models that position social transactions at the core of learning (co-regulated learning). In discussing this paradigm shift, it is important to study self- and co-regulated learning in situational context but research in the context of midwifery education is scarce.

Objective: This study aimed to improve our understanding of regulating midwifery students' learning by exploring factors that promote or inhibit the capacity to independently self-regulate learning during internships.

Factors affecting quality of midwifery students learning in the workplace: Results of two ICM congress workshops.

At the 2014 and 2017 International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) conferences, members of the Practice Placements section of the Education Standing Committee (ESC) facilitated 'Education in Clinical Practice' workshops, attended by over 150 participants, reflecting low, middle and high income countries. The participants critically explored how workplace learning might be organised in pre-service midwifery curricula, ensuring achievement of clinical competencies recommended by the ICM and addressed the key issues encountered in providing quality of learning, assessment and supervision in workplace settings. This article discusses the key issues participants identified affecting student learning in the workplace.

A novel approach for the detection and exploration of joint coupling patterns in the lower limb kinetic chain.

Background: A comprehensive perspective on foot and lower limb joint coupling is lacking since previous studies did not consider the multi-articular nature of the foot and lower limb neither accounted for biomechanical heterogeneity.

Research Question: The current manuscript describes a novel methodological process for detection and exploration of joint coupling patterns in the lower limb kinetic chain.

Methods: The first stage of the methodological process encompasses the measurement of 3D joint kinematics of the foot and lower limb kinetic chain during dynamic activities.

Foot and ankle kinematics in chronic ankle instability subjects using a midfoot strike pattern when running, including influence of taping.

Background: Investigate differences in multi-segment foot kinematics between controls and participants with chronic ankle instability during running with a midfoot striking pattern and to evaluate the effect of Low-Dye and High-Dye taping.

Methods: Three-dimensional multi-segment foot kinematics of 12 controls and 15 participants with chronic ankle instability were collected while running barefoot, and in both taping conditions. Ranges of motion occurring at each joint, each sub phase of stance, were compared between groups and between taping conditions (0-dimensional inference).

Reliability and clinical features associated with the IPSG MRI tibiotalar and subtalar joint scores in children, adolescents and young adults with haemophilia.

Objectives: To assess the reliability of the IPSG MRI scale for tibiotalar (TTJ) and subtalar joint (STJ) changes in young haemophilic patients, correlating MRI findings with functional scores and 3D-rearfoot kinematics.

Methods: A total of 37 haemophilic patients underwent bilateral MRI of the footankle, clinical evaluation and quantitative assessment of their 3D-rearfoot kinematics during walking. TTJ and STJ soft tissues were assessed twice along with osteochondral changes by two radiologists using the IPSG MRI scale.

Early diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia through basic and instrumental activities of daily living: Development of a new evaluation tool.

Background: Assessment of activities of daily living (ADL) is paramount to determine impairment in everyday functioning and to ensure accurate early diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders. Unfortunately, most common ADL tools are limited in their use in a diagnostic process. This study developed a new evaluation by adopting the items of the Katz Index (basic [b-] ADL) and Lawton Scale (instrumental [i-] ADL), defining them with the terminology of the International Classification of Human Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), adding the scoring system of the ICF, and adding the possibility to identify underlying causes of limitations in ADL.

Development and validation of a questionnaire to self-assess the quality of interprofessional team meetings in primary and community healthcare.

In the context of a quality assurance policy, a regional network initiated a project to measure the quality of interprofessional consultation meetings. A questionnaire was evaluated on content validity by 48 stakeholders: healthcare professionals, representatives from healthcare organizations, interprofessional consultation meeting coordinators, and representatives from patient organizations. A revision resulted in two subscales (each consisting of 16 items) for assessing process and outcome aspects of interprofessional consultation meetings.

Foot segmental mobility during subphases of running: Comparative study between two striking patterns.

Objectives: The literature lacks comparative data regarding foot segmental mobility in rearfoot (RFS) and midfoot striking (MFS) patterns. The aim of the study is to quantify the foot segmental mobility during distinct subphases of stance in presence of both striking patterns.

Methods: Twelve participants were instructed to run barefoot at a constant speed of 3.

The cost of prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers: A systematic review.

Introduction: Pressure ulcers impose a substantial financial burden. The need for high-quality health care while expenditures are constrained entails the interest to calculate the cost of preventing and treating pressure ulcers and their impact on patients, healthcare, and society.

Objectives: The aim of this paper is to provide insight into the cost of pressure ulcer prevention and treatment in an adult population.

Fear expression and return of fear following threat instruction with or without direct contingency experience.

Prior research showed that mere instructions about the contingency between a conditioned stimulus (CS) and an unconditioned stimulus (US) can generate fear reactions to the CS. Little is known, however, about the extent to which actual CS-US contingency experience adds anything beyond the effect of contingency instructions. Our results extend previous studies on this topic in that it included fear potentiated startle as an additional dependent variable and examined return of fear (ROF) following reinstatement.

Mental Health Nurses' Attitudes and Perceived Self-Efficacy Toward Inpatient Aggression: A Cross-Sectional Study of Associations With Nurse-Related Characteristics.

Purpose: To explore mental health nurses' attitude and self-efficacy to adult inpatient aggression, and to explore the association with nurse-related characteristics.

Design And Method: Cross-sectional study in a sample of 219 mental health nurses in nine psychiatric hospitals, with stepwise linear regression analysis to detect predictive models.

Findings: Female and less experienced nurses were less likely to blame patients for their behavior.

Higher education experiences of students with autism spectrum disorder: challenges, benefits and support needs.

The transition into higher education constitutes a precarious life stage for students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Research on how students with ASD navigate college life is needed for the development of adequate support. This study investigated the challenges and support needs of 23 students with ASD in higher education through semi-structured interviews.

Association between vestibular function and motor performance in hearing-impaired children.

Objective: The clinical balance performance of normal-hearing (NH) children was compared with the balance performance of hearing-impaired (HI) children with and without vestibular dysfunction to identify an association between vestibular function and motor performance.

Study Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Middle and inner ear malformations in two siblings exposed to valproic acid during pregnancy: a case report.

Valproic acid (VPA) is a known teratogenic drug. Exposure to VPA during the pregnancy can lead to a distinct facial appearance, a cluster of major and minor anomalies and developmental delay. In this case report, two siblings with fetal valproate syndrome and a mild conductive hearing loss were investigated.

The development and psychometrical evaluation of a set of instruments to evaluate the effectiveness of diabetes patient education.

Aims And Objectives: To develop a set of psychometrically sound instruments to assess knowledge, self-management and self-efficacy of diabetic patients. Furthermore, a survey to evaluate the satisfaction about diabetes education for patients was developed and tested.

Background: Treatment and secondary prevention of diabetes require a complex combination of care components.

The influence of a vestibular dysfunction on the motor development of hearing-impaired children.

Objectives/hypothesis: To identify the predictive ability of vestibular function test results on motor performance among hearing-impaired children.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Fifty-one typically developing children and 48 children with a unilateral (n = 9) or bilateral hearing impairment (n = 39) of more than 40 dB HL between 3 and 12 years were tested by the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition (M ABC-2), clinical balance tests, posturography, rotatory chair testing, and vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP).

New reference values must be established for the Alberta Infant Motor Scales for accurate identification of infants at risk for motor developmental delay in Flanders.

Background: The Alberta Infant Motor Scales (AIMS) is a reliable and valid assessment tool to evaluate the motor performance from birth to independent walking. This study aimed to determine whether the Canadian reference values on the AIMS from 1990-1992 are still useful tor Flemish infants, assessed in 2007-2010. Additionally, the association between motor performance and sleep and play positioning will be determined.

Test-retest reliability of the assessment of postural stability in typically developing children and in hearing impaired children.

The purpose of this study was to establish test-retest reliability of centre of pressure (COP) measurements obtained by an AccuGait portable forceplate (ACG), mean COG sway velocity measured by a Basic Balance Master (BBM) and clinical balance tests in children with and without balance difficulties. 49 typically developing children and 23 hearing impaired children, with a higher risk for stability problems, between 6 and 12 years of age participated. Each child performed the modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance (mCTSIB), Unilateral Stance (US) and Tandem Stance on ACG, mCTSIB and US on BBM and clinical balance tests: one-leg standing, balance beam walking and one-leg hopping.

Prevalence, type, distribution, and severity of cerebral palsy in relation to gestational age: a meta-analytic review.

The aim of this review is to determine the relationship between gestational age (GA) and prevalence, type, distribution, and severity of cerebral palsy (CP). Epidemiological studies with cohorts expressed by GA were assessed. A comprehensive meta-analysis and meta-regression was performed on four fetal age categories.