Characterization of Vocal Fold Pathology in Military Drill Instructors.

Objective: Military drill instructors have extreme vocal demands that place them at risk for phonotrauma. Characterization of laryngeal pathology and vibratory characteristics among drill instructors presenting for specialized voice care is lacking.

Methods: A retrospective review in a specialized voice clinic over a two-year period was conducted.

An Analysis of US Africa and Indo-Pacific Commands Military Working Dog Medical Transportation, 2008-2018.

Unlabelled: Military working dogs (MWD) deploy with diverse tasks. Given significant utilization in Central Command (CENTCOM) for combat operations, the majority of MWD medical literature centers on combat trauma from this theater. Other commands, to include Indo-Pacific Command (INDOPACOM) and Africa Command (AFRICOM) utilize MWDs for low-intensity operations.

Oral pain and infection control strategies for treating children and adolescents in India.

Introduction: Oral and dental health form an integral part of complete well being of an individual and society at large. Promoting oral health and societal progression go hand in hand.

Aim: To investigate dentists' attitudes about pain and infection control while treating children and adolescents by assessing their recommendations of pre- and postoperative analgesics and antibiotics, and use of local anesthesia (LA) for definitive treatment in different clinical scenarios.

Functionalized Mouth-Conformable Interfaces for pH Evaluation of the Oral Cavity.

Oral health monitoring is highly desired, especially for in home use, however, current methods are not sensitive enough and technically convoluted for this purpose. This paper presents incorporation of bioactive materials and colorimetric chemical sensors into routinely used oral appliances transforming them into bioresponsive, conformable interfaces. Specifically, endodontic paper points and dental floss can be functionalized to locally sense and monitor pH variations within the oral cavity via color changes.

Hybrid odontogenic tumor masquerading as a salivary gland lesion: A diagnostic predicament.

Hybrid odontogenic tumors are sporadic, where the distinctive areas of more than one odontogenic tumor tissue type have been reported. The occurrence of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) like areas histologically simulating salivary gland pathology is an unusual finding that has not been previously reported in the literature. We report the case of a 32-year-old female presenting with slow-growing firm swelling, radiographically as a pear-shaped radiolucent lesion in the interdental region of maxillary incisors.

Outcomes of sequestrectomy and buccal fat pad reconstruction in the management of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of buccal fat pad (BFP) in the reconstruction of surgical defects following sequestrectomy in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ). A total of ten patients with MRONJ underwent sequestrectomy and reconstruction using BFP. There were 3 males and 7 females.

Relationship between the Depth of Penetration and Fracture Resistance of Various Sealers: A Comparative Study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to estimate the penetration depth and fracture resistance of three different sealers and to verify the relationship between the penetration depth and fracture resistance.

Materials And Methods: Sixty single-rooted teeth were selected and root canal preparation was done. After the instrumentation, the teeth were divided into three groups of 20 each.

Effect of dental malocclusion on cerebellar neuron activation via the dorsomedial part of the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus.

Occlusion has been proposed to play a role for body posture and balance, both of which are mediated mainly by the cerebellum. The dorsomedial part of the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus (Vpdm) has direct projection to the cerebellum. The experimental unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) has an impact on the motor nuclei in the brain stem via trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus (Vme).

Mandibular guidance prosthesis: Conventional and innovative approach: A case series.

Surgical resection of the lower jaw due to the presence of a benign or malignant tumor is the most frequent cause of mandibular deviation. Location and extent of the tumor decide the surgical modality of mandibulectomy to be performed. The clinician must wait for an adequate span of time for completion of the healing and acceptance of the osseous graft before considering a definitive prosthesis.

Clinical-grade human dental pulp stem cells suppressed the activation of osteoarthritic macrophages and attenuated cartilaginous damage in a rabbit osteoarthritis model.

Background: Although increasing evidence has demonstrated that human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are efficacious for the clinical treatment of skeletal disorders, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common degenerative disorders in joints and is characterized by gradual and irreversible cartilaginous tissue damage. Notably, immune factors were newly identified to be closely related to OA development.

Effect of laser-activated irrigation on smear layer removal and sealer penetration: An study.

Introduction: The present study was carried out with the objective of evaluation of efficacy of two root canal irrigants (LARGAL ULTRA and Biopure mixture of tetracycline, acid, and detergent [MTAD]) in smear layer removal and sealer penetration along the canal walls and to apprise any change in their efficacy when they were activated with two different types of lasers (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet [Nd:YAG] and erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet [Er:YAG]). The analysis was done with the help of confocal laser scanning microscope.

Materials And Methods: The curved root canals (>20°) from 140 extracted human molars (negative control, = 20) were prepared to size #25.

Hyaluronic Acid and a Short Peptide Improve the Performance of a PCL Electrospun Fibrous Scaffold Designed for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications.

Bone tissue engineering is a rapidly developing, minimally invasive technique for regenerating lost bone with the aid of biomaterial scaffolds that mimic the structure and function of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Recently, scaffolds made of electrospun fibers have aroused interest due to their similarity to the ECM, and high porosity. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an abundant component of the ECM and an attractive material for use in regenerative medicine; however, its processability by electrospinning is poor, and it must be used in combination with another polymer.

Oncology expressive arts: providing a window to reflect on a stressful experience.

Purpose: Evaluate changes in mood, perceived need for help, and task enjoyment after participation in a one-time Oncology on Canvas expressive arts workshop intervention.

Methods: Mixed methods design. Sample: military-veteran oncology survivors and their adult `ohana (family members, caregivers, friends, healthcare providers, volunteers).

Facial Reanimation by Modified Intraoral Temporalis Tendon Transfer With Ancillary Procedures.

Facial nerve palsy is an exceedingly debilitating condition, incapacitating functional and aesthetic facets of the face. Orthodromic transfer of temporalis muscle is an easy and predictable technique which offers early animation of oral commissure and lower face. A retrospective chart review of 6 patients of facial palsy treated with orthodromic temporalis tendon transfer for facial reanimation is presented.

COVID-19 in a Role I Evacuation: A Case Series.

Since December 2019, the novel SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) became an emerging infectious disease pathogen that led to a global pandemic with over 43 million cases reported worldwide and more than 1.1 million global deaths (as of 26 Oct 2020, from https://coronavirus.jhu.

COVID-19 preparedness: capacity to manufacture vaccines, therapeutics and diagnostics in sub-Saharan Africa.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic is a biosecurity threat, and many resource-rich countries are stockpiling and/or making plans to secure supplies of vaccine, therapeutics, and diagnostics for their citizens. We review the products that are being investigated for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19; discuss the challenges that countries in sub-Saharan Africa may face with access to COVID-19 vaccine, therapeutics, and diagnostics due to the limited capacity to manufacture them in Africa; and make recommendations on actions to mitigate these challenges and ensure health security in sub-Saharan Africa during this unprecedented pandemic and future public-health crises.

Main Body: Sub-Saharan Africa will not be self-reliant for COVID-19 vaccines when they are developed.

Novel core-shell CHX/ACP nanoparticles effectively improve the mechanical, antibacterial and remineralized properties of the dental resin composite.

Objective: The core-shell chlorhexidine/amorphous calcium phosphate (CHX/ACP) nanoparticles were synthesized and used to modify the dental resin composite, aiming to improve its remineralized and antibacterial properties.

Methods: The core-shell CHX/ACP nanoparticles were synthesized by vesicle-templating technology and characterized, and their sustained release and antibacterial properties were also evaluated. Subsequently, the synthesized nanoparticles were incorporated into the dental resin composite at 1 wt.

Knowledge and awareness on novel coronavirus spread among dental fraternities in Visakhapatnam, India: A questionnaire-based survey.

Introduction: The pandemic caused by novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 is a highly contagious disease. The World Health Organization has declared the outbreak of coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) as a global public health emergency. Currently, the research on novel coronavirus is still in the primary stage.

Are Bioceramics the Dernier Cri in the Management of Stage 4 Developed Root? A Finite Element Analysis.

Aim: To compare the stress distribution of four modalities of reinforcing the radicular space of a pulpless central incisor exhibiting stage 4 root development.

Materials And Methods: The model of a pulpless immature central incisor with a stage 4 of root development supporting periodontium was generated based on the properties. The longitudinal growth of the root was completed.

Evaluation and improvement of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS2) for COVID-19: a multi-hospital study.

Background: The National Early Warning Score (NEWS2) is currently recommended in the UK for the risk stratification of COVID-19 patients, but little is known about its ability to detect severe cases. We aimed to evaluate NEWS2 for the prediction of severe COVID-19 outcome and identify and validate a set of blood and physiological parameters routinely collected at hospital admission to improve upon the use of NEWS2 alone for medium-term risk stratification.

Methods: Training cohorts comprised 1276 patients admitted to King's College Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust with COVID-19 disease from 1 March to 30 April 2020.

A Longitudinal Evaluation of the Bacterial Pathogens Colonizing Chronic Non-Healing Wound Sites at a United States Military Treatment Facility in the Pacific Region.

Purpose: The biology of chronic wounds is complex and many factors act concurrently to impede healing progress. In this study, the dynamics of microflora changes and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns were evaluated longitudinally over 30 days using data from 28 patients with a total of 47 chronic lower extremity wounds.

Materials And Methods: In this study, colonized wound isolates were characterized using cultural, biochemical, and VITEK 2 methods.