Global, regional, and national burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risks: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

Background: The global burden of metabolic diseases is increasing, but estimates of their impact on primary liver cancer are uncertain. We aimed to assess the global burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risk factors, including high body mass index (BMI) and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, between 1990 and 2021.

Methods: The total number and age-standardized rates of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from primary liver cancer attributable to each metabolic risk factor were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

Nitrite Reduction with HS/Thiol Mediated by Cobalt and Manganese Porphyrins in the Solid State.

The endogenous reduction of nitrite to nitrosyl is drawing increasing attention as a protective mechanism against hypoxic injury in mammalian physiology and as an alternative source of NO, which is involved in a wide variety of biological activities. Thus, chemical mechanisms for this transformation, which are mediated by metallo proteins, are of considerable interest. The study described here examines the reactions of the biomimetic models Co(TTP)(NO) (TTP = meso-tetratolylporphyrinato dianion) and Mn(TPP)(ONO) (TPP = meso-tetraphenyl-porphyrinato dianion) in sublimated solid films with hydrogen sulfide (HS) and with ethanethiol (EtSH) at various temperatures from 77 K to room temperature using in situ infrared and optical spectroscopy.

Stage at diagnosis and cancer-specific survival for stomach, lung, colorectal, and bladder cancers among Armenians in California.

Objective: To observe stage at diagnosis and cancer-specific survival for common cancers among Armenians in California.

Methods: We used the Armenian Surname List and birthplace information in the California Cancer Registry to identify Armenians with stomach, lung, colorectal, and bladder cancers diagnosed during 1988-2019. We used multivariable logistic regression models to calculate odds of late-stage diagnoses among Armenian and non-Armenian, non-Hispanic White patients and examine the association of sociodemographic factors with late-stage diagnoses among the Armenian patient population.

The Role of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Heart Failure: A Narrative Review.

Introduction: Structural and functional cardiac defects leading to inadequate tissue oxygenation is known as Heart failure (HF) which is characterized by extensive morbidity and mortality. Pathophysiology of HF involves systolic and diastolic dysfunction, neurohormonal dysregulation, and imbalance in inflammatory mediators which complicates treatment further. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an approach used for restoring ventricular synchrony and enhancing mechanical efficiency.

Ultrastructural Remodeling of Cardiomyocytes in Postinfarction Myocardium of Rats in the Late Stages of the Disease.

Identifying factors that contribute to the transition to the dilated phase in cardiac ischemia is a critical challenge in heart failure treatment. Currently, no effective therapies exist for this ischemic complication, and the mechanisms driving left ventricular dilatation during chronic post-infarction remodeling remain poorly understood. One potential pathological process leading to ventricular dilatation involves specific compensatory rearrangements in the border zone adjacent to the infarct, which isolates the intact myocardium from inflammation at the scar edge.

In silico identification and ex vivo evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii peptides restricted to HLA-A*02, HLA-A*24 and HLA-B*35 alleles in human PBMC from a Colombian population.

Toxoplasma gondii infects approximately 30% of the population, and there is currently no approved vaccine. Identifying immunogenic peptides with high affinity to different HLA molecules is a promising vaccine strategy. This study used an in silico approach using artificial neural networks to identify T.

Pheochromocytoma: an updated scoping review from clinical presentation to management and treatment.

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors derived from chromaffin cells, with 80-85% originating in the adrenal medulla and 15-20% from extra-adrenal chromaffin tissues (paragangliomas). Approximately 30-40% of PPGLs have a hereditary component, making them one of the most genetically predisposed tumor types. Recent advances in genetic research have classified PPGLs into three molecular clusters: pseudohypoxia-related, kinase-signaling, and -signaling pathway variants.

Impact of antiphospholipid syndrome on placenta and uterine NK cell function: insights from a mouse model.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is associated with recurrent pregnancy morbidity, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We performed multifaceted characterization of the biological and transcriptomic signatures of mouse placenta and uterine natural killer (uNK) cells in APS. Histological analysis of APS placentas unveiled placental abnormalities, including disturbed angiogenesis, occasional necrotic areas, fibrin deposition, and nucleated red blood cell enrichment.

Evaluating sex-specific responses to western diet across the lifespan: impact on cardiac function and transcriptomic signatures in C57BL/6J mice at 530 and 640/750 days of age.

Background: Long-term consumption of Western Diet (WD) is a well-established risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, there is a paucity of studies on the long-term effects of WD on the pathophysiology of CVD and sex-specific responses.

Methods: Our study aimed to investigate the sex-specific pathophysiological changes in left ventricular (LV) function using transthoracic echocardiography (ECHO) and LV tissue transcriptomics in WD-fed C57BL/6 J mice for 125 days, starting at the age of 300 through 425 days.

Results: In female mice, consumption of the WD diet showed long-term effects on LV structure and possible development of HFpEF-like phenotype with compensatory cardiac structural changes later in life.

The impact of uterine cavity structural features on reproductive outcomes in T-shaped uterine malformation.

Objectives: Despite advancements in modern medicine, the effectiveness of in vitro fertilization (IVF) remains low. This study aimed to assess the impact of specific features of T-shaped uterine cavity malformation and its intermediate forms on reproductive function and the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technology (ART), particularly on IVF results and pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: A prospective cohort study included 388 somatically healthy patients undergoing 3D ultrasound (US) examination of the uterine cavity before embryonic transfer for IVF treatment.

Genetic Assessment and Positioning of Algerian Barley Landraces with Respect to Landraces from the Middle East and Europe Using RAPD and SSR Markers.

Landraces are a critical genetic resource for resilience breeding, offering solutions to prepare agriculture for the challenges posed by climate change. Their efficient utilisation depends on understanding their history and genetic relationships. The current study investigates the phylogenetic relationships of barley landraces from Algeria, varieties from the Near and Middle East, traditional landraces, and modern cultivars from Europe.

Two-fold increased risk of cardiovascular events in people with MDR HIV: a matched cohort analysis with data from the PRESTIGIO registry.

Background: Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) may contribute to the high morbidity in people with four-class drug-resistant HIV (4DR-PWH).

Objectives: To explore the probability of MACEs in 4DR-PWH compared with non-4DR controls.

Methods: This was a retrospective, propensity score-matched cohort study on 4DR-PWH (cases) and non-4DR-PWH (controls), on ART, without previous MACEs.

Food insecurity among displaced populations in Armenia during the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

Background: The 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict resulted in displacement of approximately 90,000 ethnic Armenians from Nagorno-Karabakh to Armenia, exacerbating existing vulnerabilities in the region. This study investigated food insecurity among displaced populations and host communities in Armenia during the conflict.

Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data obtained from the 2020 REACH ARM Database Multi-Sector Needs Assessment (MSNA), which was conducted across six Armenian provinces.

Anti-diabetic therapies on dental implant success in diabetes mellitus: a comprehensive review.

Background And Objective: Dental implant therapy faces challenges in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM and T2DM) due to adverse effects on bone metabolism and immune response. Despite advancements, diabetic patients face higher risks of peri-implantitis and compromised osseointegration. This review assesses the impact of anti-diabetic medications on implant outcomes, offering insights to bridge the gap between animal studies and clinical practice.

Design and optimization of IgG avidity test for differentiating acute from chronic human toxoplasmosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Toxoplasmosis which is caused by T. gondii, is common among humans and animals. T.

Modeling, synthesis and in vitro testing of peptides based on unusual amino acids as potential antibacterial agents.

Currently non-protein amino acids and synthetic peptides are widely used as blocks in drug design. Many proteases are of great interest for pharmacology due to their key role in various pathologies. Bacterial collagenase (EC 3.

State of knowledge of the ladybird beetle (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) fauna of Armenia and other Transcaucasian countries, including two new country records.

Beetles (Coleoptera) have been surveyed in Armenia and other Transcaucasian countries since the first half of the 19 century. Based on the literature reports and our new data, available information was gathered on the occurrence in Armenia of one of the beetle families, the ladybirds (Coccinellidae). 84 species of Coccinellidae have been reported from this country in the literature and/or collected during our recent field survey.

Reduction of iron porphyrin nitrate to the iron nitrosyl by HS/thiol. studies in sublimed layers.

Hemes play key roles in enzymatic production of the mammalian gasotransmitter NO by nitric oxide synthase as well as in conversion from inorganic nitrite. In the present study, we report a hitherto unknown pathway of nitrosyl formation thiol reduction of a iron porphyrin nitrate complex in the solid state.

Integrating cancer into crisis: a global vision for action from WHO and partners.

More than a billion people live in fragile, conflict-affected, and vulnerable settings requiring humanitarian support, where cancer is a substantial health issue. Despite its substantial effect on populations, cancer care remains underprioritised in emergency preparedness and response frameworks and humanitarian operational planning. This Policy Review summarises the perspectives and actionable recommendations from the First Global High-Level Technical Meeting on Non-communicable Diseases in Humanitarian Settings, with a focus on cancer.

Targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease: a comprehensive approach using advanced virtual screening, molecular dynamics, and in vitro validation.

The COVID-19 pandemic, driven by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, necessitates the development of effective therapeutics. The main protease of the virus, Mpro, is a key target due to its crucial role in viral replication. Our study presents a novel approach combining ligand-based pharmacophore modeling with structure-based advanced virtual screening to identify potential inhibitors of Mpro.

Antimicrobial Activity of Different Collections of Medicinal Polypore Fungus Fomitopsis pinicola (Agaricomycetes).

The study of antimicrobial activity (AMA) of 14 genetically identified dikaryotic strains of red belted medicinal polypore Fomitopsis pinicola isolated from Betula sp. and other deciduous trees, as well as conifers Picea sp. and Abies alba in Russia, France and Italy against test fungi and bacteria is discussed.

Artificial intelligence guided search for van der Waals materials with high optical anisotropy.

The exploration of van der Waals (vdW) materials, renowned for their unique optical properties, is pivotal for advanced photonics. These materials exhibit exceptional optical anisotropy, both in-plane and out-of-plane, making them an ideal platform for novel photonic applications. However, the manual search for vdW materials with giant optical anisotropy is a labor-intensive process unsuitable for the fast screening of materials with unique properties.

Development of a water-dispersible antimicrobial lipid mixture to inhibit African swine fever virus and other enveloped viruses.

Medium-chain antimicrobial lipids are promising antiviral agents to inhibit membrane-enveloped viruses such as African swine fever virus (ASFV) and influenza A virus (IAV) in livestock applications. However, current uses are limited to feed pathogen mitigation due to low aqueous solubility and the development of water-dispersible lipid formulations is needed for broader application usage. In this study, we report a water-dispersible antimicrobial lipid mixture of monoglycerides and lactylates that can inhibit ASFV and IAV and exhibits antiviral properties in drinking water and feed matrices.

The Role of Telemedicine in Enhancing Surgical Care Delivery in Africa: A Literature Review.

Background And Aims: In Africa, telemedicine holds great potential to revolutionize surgical care delivery, especially in areas where access to quality treatment is scarce. Data about the use of these services in African countries is, however, limited. To outline the present issues in surgical care delivery, as well as the significant role of telemedicine in advancing surgical care delivery in Africa.