Clinical presentation, outcome and management of snakebite cases in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Snakebite envenomation remains a significant public health concern in Asir Province of Saudi Arabia.

Aim: To characterize snake species and the clinical presentation, outcome and management of snakebite cases admitted to 4 major hospitals in Asir Province, Saudi Arabia .

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed medical records of paediatric and adult snakebite cases admitted to 4 regional hospitals in Saudi Arabia between January 2000 and December 2021 using search terms "snakebite", "cobra", "polyvalent antivenin", "antivenom", "compartment syndrome", and "fasciotomy".

Outcomes of Complex Percutaneous Cardiac Interventions in Women.

Complex percutaneous cardiac intervention (PCI) is a growing procedure in modern day cath labs. The treated population is often older, with multiple comorbidities, complex coronary anatomy, left ventricular dysfunction, and possibly concomitant valvular heart disease and/or cardiogenic shock. As such, PCI of bifurcations, chronic total occlusions, and atherectomy coronary interventions are becoming more common.

Improving Hospital Efficiency and Cost Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Internationally, improving hospital efficiency and reducing costs in the healthcare sector is a goal that requires major effort and successful collaboration. Most hospitals have a dedicated department responsible for quality control, and this is where many of the challenges to efficiency and cost reductions arise. The purpose of this study is to review the literature on the successful improvement of hospital efficiency and cost reduction with no negative impact on the quality of patient care.

Evolving Techniques and Trends in Maxillary Sinus Lift Procedures in Implant Dentistry: A Review of Contemporary Advances.

The most challenging aspects of planning implant rehabilitation for the posterior maxillary region are the pneumatization of the maxillary sinus and the resorption of the residual alveolar ridge. To address the first aspect, there are two primary modalities for sinus augmentation: the direct or lateral window technique and the indirect or crestal technique. Clinicians must possess comprehensive knowledge of the maxillary sinus anatomy and be able to diagnose pathognomonic abnormalities through presurgical imaging and investigations.

Cardiovascular Disease Risk in the Obese Population in Kuwait: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The increasing prevalence of obesity and associated cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in Kuwait requires a comprehensive analysis of its contributing factors and health outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the current evidence on the relationship between obesity and CVDs and identify the main factors driving obesity in the Kuwaiti population.

Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, multiple databases were systematically searched, identifying 980 articles.

Displacement of maxillary dental implants: a case series on various scenarios.

Background: Oral rehabilitation with dental implants is a common procedure in modern dentistry due to its high success rates. However, complications such as implant displacement can occur, particularly in the maxillary region due to factors like atrophied maxilla, thin alveolar bone, and low bone density. This case series explores scenarios of maxillary dental implant displacement, emphasizing the impact of immediate preoperative imaging on patient outcomes.

Hamman syndrome in an 18-year-old male patient.

In 1939, Hamman´s syndrome, also know as spontaneous pneumomediastinum, was characterized by the presence of pneumothorax, subcutaneous emphysema, and pneumorrhachis. It is believed to arise from barotrauma during vaginal labor, causing alveolar membrane rupture and subsequent air leakage. Clinical manifestations are often nonspecific.

Efficacy of Biologic Therapies in the Management of Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common chronic condition characterized by nasal congestion, sneezing, and itching, which significantly impacts quality of life. Traditional treatments, including antihistamines and intranasal corticosteroids, often fall short in managing moderate-to-severe cases. Recently, biologic therapies such as omalizumab and dupilumab have emerged as potential alternatives.

Type 1 Hyperphosphatemic Familial Tumoral Calcinosis Associated With a Homozygous Variant Mutation in the GALNT3 Gene.

Hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis (HFTC) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by abnormal phosphate metabolism leading to hyperphosphatemia and calcific deposits in soft tissues. Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) can be challenging to diagnose and manage, especially in the context of underlying genetic conditions. This case report presents a case of a 12-year-old girl with a complex presentation involving osteomyelitis and a rare genetic disorder.

The Clinical Approach to Angina in Women.

Women presenting with angina are more likely to have cardiac chest pain accompanied more frequently by associated symptoms like abdominal pain and lightheadedness. The evaluation of women with suspected coronary disease can be complex because many have microvascular dysfunction, coronary vasospasm, and altered coagulation that require specific testing protocols beyond the conventional stress testing and a coronary angiogram. Therefore, terms such as angina, ischemia, and myocardial infarction with no obstructive coronary disease have been introduced in recent years.

Cutaneous Metastasis of Breast Carcinoma in the Distal Phalanx of the Left Little Finger: A Case Report.

With breast cancer cases escalating globally, the risk of uncommon sequelae like cutaneous metastatic carcinoma also rises. The identification of such metastases is essential in posttreatment surveillance. A 73-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and diabetes initially presented with postmenopausal bleeding, leading to the discovery and treatment of endometrial carcinoma via hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy.

Comparative evaluation of pain rating scales for dental pain among the Saudi population: A cross-sectional study.

Pain, being a subjective phenomenon, is perceived in different manner by individuals based on various factors including age and gender. Various scales are available in literature to assess and record the pain perceived by an individual. Comparison of commonly used pain perception scales among Saudi Arabian population is scarce.

Budget impact analysis of subcutaneous infliximab (CT-P13 SC) for treating inflammatory bowel disease in Saudi Arabia: Analysis from payer perspective.

Background: The Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) has approved the subcutaneous (SC) administration of infliximab, presenting a more convenient alternative with reduced outpatient visits and diminished expenses compared to the intravenous (IV) administration. However, the financial implications of this formulation have not been examined from the perspective of Saudi payers.

Methods And Materials: A prevalence-based budget impact model was developed to evaluate the financial effects of introducing "environment without" versus "with infliximab SC.

'Assessing patients' perception of the potential utility of visual function home monitoring app among patients with diabetes in Saudi Arabia'.

Aims: To determine the acceptability and identify potential concerns and barriers of using a hypothetical smartphone application (app) for home monitoring (HM) of visual function among patients with diabetes.

Methods: Quantitative, cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire. Patients diagnosed with diabetes aged between 20 and 70 years were included.

Clinical Insights Into Ductal Carcinoma In Situ in Males: A Report of Two Cases From the Sultanate of Oman.

Breast cancer is a disease that predominantly affects the female population; however, rarely it can manifest in males, yet its etiology remains poorly elucidated. The scarcity of literature reviews and case reports done on male breast cancer in comparison to the female counterpart makes it difficult to understand the risk factors, treatment options, and extension of the disease. Moreover, high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is exceptionally uncommon among male patients.

Effectiveness of Singing-Based Therapy on Voice Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Communication impairments significantly impact the quality of life for individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD), underscoring the need for effective interventions. Singing, by engaging shared neural networks and structural mechanisms involved in speech production, holds therapeutic potential for addressing speech disorders in this population. This study explores the effects of singing-based therapeutic intervention on voice in patients diagnosed with PD.

Call to action for acute myocardial infarction in women: international multi-disciplinary practical roadmap.

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death among women, and the incidence among younger women has shown the greatest increase over the last decades, in particular for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Moreover, the prognosis of women post-AMI is poor when compared with men of similar ages. Since the 1990s, an abundant literature has highlighted the existing differences between sexes with regard to presentation, burden, and impact of traditional risk factors and of risk factors pertaining predominantly to women, the perception of risk by women and men, and the pathophysiological causations, their treatment, and prognosis.

Arab founder variants: Contributions to clinical genomics and precision medicine.

Background: Founder variants are ancestral variants shared by individuals who are not closely related. The large effect size of some of these variants in the context of Mendelian disorders offers numerous precision medicine opportunities.

Methods: Using one of the largest datasets on Mendelian disorders in the Middle East, we identified 2,908 medically relevant founder variants derived from 18,360 exomes and genomes and investigated their contribution to the clinical annotation of the human genome.

Beyond Ischemia: The Rare Occurrence of Hemorrhagic Strokes in Pediatric Sickle Cell Anemia.

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a genetic disorder characterized by the production of abnormal hemoglobin S, leading to red blood cell sickling and subsequent vaso-occlusive events. Neurological complications, particularly strokes, significantly contribute to the morbidity and mortality associated with SCA. While ischemic strokes are more common, hemorrhagic strokes, though less frequent, present significant challenges, especially in the pediatric population.

Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma Mixed Subtype: A Case Report of a Rare Neonatal Tumor.

Congenital renal tumors are rare. In infancy, congenital mesoblastic nephroma is the most commonly reported renal tumor. It is recognized antenatally due to polyhydramnios and presents clinically as a palpable abdominal mass in the neonatal period.