In situ light-activated materials for skin wound healing and repair: A narrative review.

Dermal wounds are a major global health burden made worse by common comorbidities such as diabetes and infection. Appropriate wound closure relies on a highly coordinated series of cellular events, ultimately bridging tissue gaps and regenerating normal physiological structures. Wound dressings are an important component of wound care management, providing a barrier against external insults while preserving the active reparative processes underway within the wound bed.

Four new inquiline social parasite species in the dolichoderine ant genus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae).

Four new inquiline social parasites are described in the dolichoderine ant genus from the Nearctic region, and keys are provided for queens and males of the Nearctic species. The new social parasite species represent the first inquiline species in the genus and the first confirmed inquilines known from the ant subfamily Dolichoderinae. The four new species appear to be workerless inquilines that exploit a single host, (Say), and they represent at least two distinct life history syndromes.

Exploring the impact of circRNAs on cancer glycolysis: Insights into tumor progression and therapeutic strategies.

Cancer cells exhibit altered metabolic pathways, prominently featuring enhanced glycolytic activity to sustain their rapid growth and proliferation. Dysregulation of glycolysis is a well-established hallmark of cancer and contributes to tumor progression and resistance to therapy. Increased glycolysis supplies the energy necessary for increased proliferation and creates an acidic milieu, which in turn encourages tumor cells' infiltration, metastasis, and chemoresistance.

Electrocatalytic water treatment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances reduces adsorbable organofluorine and bioaccumulation potential.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are pervasive in industrial processes, eliciting public concern upon their release into municipal sewers or the environment. Removing PFAS from the environment has become an urgent need. However, because potential endpoints span from energy-intensive complete mineralization to partial PFAS transformation, understanding and developing metrics for evaluating PFAS treatment can be a challenge.

Metrology for 2D materials: a perspective review from the international roadmap for devices and systems.

The International Roadmap for Devices and Systems (IRDS) predicts the integration of 2D materials into high-volume manufacturing as channel materials within the next decade, primarily in ultra-scaled and low-power devices. While their widespread adoption in advanced chip manufacturing is evolving, the need for diverse characterization methods is clear. This is necessary to assess structural, electrical, compositional, and mechanical properties to control and optimize 2D materials in mass-produced devices.

pH-responsive i-motif-conjugated nanoparticles for MRI analysis.

Gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents (CAs) are widely used to enhance anatomical details in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Significant research has expanded the field of CAs into bioresponsive CAs by modulating the signal to image and monitor biochemical processes, such as pH. In this work, we introduce the modular, dynamic actuation mechanism of DNA-based nanostructures as a new way to modulate the MRI signal based on the rotational correlation time, .

Postfire reproduction of a serotinous conifer, the giant sequoia, in the Nelder Grove, California.

The giant sequoia, a serotinous conifer naturally occurring in mixed-conifer forests of the southern and central Sierra Nevada, California, USA, is the world's largest tree species. Giant sequoia reproduction has been severely lacking over the past century, due to fire exclusion, creating a significant conservation threat. Previous research on postfire sequoia reproduction in high-severity fire areas, relative to low- and moderate-severity areas, is limited.

Making Space in Geographical Analysis.

In this commentary we reflect on the potential and power of geographical analysis, as a set of methods, theoretical approaches, and perspectives, to increase our understanding of how space and place matter for . We emphasize key aspects of the field, including accessibility, urban change, and spatial interaction and behavior, providing a high-level research agenda that indicates a variety of gaps and routes for future research that will not only lead to more equitable and aware solutions to local and global challenges, but also innovative and novel research methods, concepts, and data. We close with a set of representation and inclusion challenges to our discipline, researchers, and publication outlets.

Sex-specific recruitment rates contribute to male-biased sex ratio in Adélie penguins.

Sex-related differences in vital rates that drive population change reflect the basic life history of a species. However, for visually monomorphic bird species, determining the effect of sex on demographics can be a challenge. In this study, we investigated the effect of sex on apparent survival, recruitment, and breeding propensity in the Adélie penguin (), a monochromatic, slightly size dimorphic species with known age, known sex, and known breeding history data collected during 1996-2019 ( = 2127 birds) from three breeding colonies on Ross Island, Antarctica.

Humans in the loop: Community science and machine learning synergies for overcoming herbarium digitization bottlenecks.

Premise: Among the slowest steps in the digitization of natural history collections is converting imaged labels into digital text. We present here a working solution to overcome this long-recognized efficiency bottleneck that leverages synergies between community science efforts and machine learning approaches.

Methods: We present two new semi-automated services.

Picomolar-Level Sensing of Cannabidiol by Metal Nanoparticles Functionalized with Chemically Induced Dimerization Binders.

Simple and fast detection of small molecules is critical to health and environmental monitoring. Methods for chemical detection often use mass spectrometers or enzymes; the former relies on expensive equipment and the latter is limited to those that can act as enzyme substrates. Affinity reagents like antibodies can target a variety of small-molecule analytes, but the detection requires successful design of chemically conjugated targets or analogs for competitive binding assays.

Anisotropic Multi-Scale Graph Convolutional Network for Dense Shape Correspondence.

This paper studies 3D dense shape correspondence, a key shape analysis application in computer vision and graphics. We introduce a novel hybrid geometric deep learning-based model that learns geometrically meaningful and discretization-independent features. The proposed framework has a U-Net model as the primary node feature extractor, followed by a successive spectral-based graph convolutional network.

Insect collecting bias in Arizona with a preliminary checklist of the beetles from the Sand Tank Mountains.

Background: The State of Arizona in the south-western United States supports a high diversity of insects. Digitised occurrence records, especially from preserved specimens in natural history collections, are an important and growing resource to understand biodiversity and biogeography. Underlying bias in how insects are collected and what that means for interpreting patterns of insect diversity is largely untested.

The genetic structure and demographic history of , endemic to Korean limestone karst forests, based on genome-wide SNP markers.

Similar to the global phenomenon, many plant species endemic to Korean limestone karst forests are at risk of extinction due to human intervention. is a familiar shrub, called "Hardy abelia" and "Fragrant abelia" growing in the karst forests of Korea, where it is one of the most threatened species. We investigated the genetic structure and demographic history of , which allow us to develop appropriate conservation and management strategies.

Nanoengineering of gold nanoribbon-embedded isogenic stem cell-derived cardiac organoids.

Cardiac tissue engineering is an emerging field providing tools to treat and study cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In the past years, the integration of stem cell technologies with micro- and nanoengineering techniques has enabled the creation of novel engineered cardiac tissues (ECTs) with potential applications in disease modeling, drug screening, and regenerative medicine. However, a major unaddressed limitation of stem cell-derived ECTs is their immature state, resembling a neonatal phenotype and genotype.

A solution of the Crow-Kimura evolution model on fluctuating fitness landscape.

The article discusses the Crow-Kimura model in the context of random transitions between different fitness landscapes. The duration of epochs, during which the fitness landscape is constant over time, is modeled by an exponential distribution. To obtain an exact solution, a system of functional equations is required.

Electrospun single-phase spinel magnetic high entropy oxide nanoparticles low-temperature ambient annealing.

High entropy oxide nanoparticles (HEO NPs) with multiple component elements possess improved stability and multiple uses for functional applications, including catalysis, data memory, and energy storage. However, the synthesis of homogenous HEO NPs containing five or more immiscible elements with a single-phase structure is still a great challenge due to the strict synthetic conditions. In particular, several synthesis methods of HEO NPs require extremely high temperatures.

Simulating the dynamics of dispersal and dispersal ability in fragmented populations with mate-finding Allee effects.

We consider the spatial propagation and genetic evolution of model populations comprising multiple subpopulations, each distinguished by its own characteristic dispersal rate. Mate finding is modeled in accord with the assumption that reproduction is based on random encounters between pairs of individuals, so that the frequency of interbreeding between two subpopulations is proportional to the product of local population densities of each. The resulting nonlinear growth term produces an Allee effect, whereby reproduction rates are lower in sparsely populated areas; the distribution of dispersal rates that evolves is then highly dependent upon the population's initial spatial distribution.

Family processes and structure: Longitudinal influences on adolescent disruptive and internalizing behaviors.

Objective: The present study revisits the assumption in American culture, based in "family privilege," that children fare better in two-parent households by longitudinally examining associations between family structure, process, and adolescent behavior.

Background: Societal assumptions and cross-sectional research suggest that there is a difference in child adjustment across varying family structures. Relatedly, the family process literature emphasizes the importance of parent-child relationship quality in addition to family structure on child adjustment.

Visible to Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy of Asteroid (16) Psyche: Implications for the Psyche Mission's Science Investigations.

The NASA Psyche mission will explore the structure, composition, and other properties of asteroid (16) Psyche to test hypotheses about its formation. Variations in radar reflectivity, density, thermal inertia, and visible to near-infrared (VNIR) reflectance spectra of Psyche suggest a highly metallic composition with mafic silicate minerals (e.g.

Lifting and Transport of Martian Dust by the Ingenuity Helicopter Rotor Downwash as Observed by High-Speed Imaging From the Perseverance Rover.

Martian atmospheric dust is a major driver of weather, with feedback between atmospheric dust distribution, circulation changes from radiative heating and cooling driven by this dust, and winds that mobilize surface dust and distribute it in the atmosphere. Wind-driven mobilization of surface dust is a poorly understood process due to significant uncertainty about minimum wind stress and whether the saltation of sand particles is required. This study utilizes video of six Ingenuity helicopter flights to measure dust lifting during helicopter ascents, traverses, and descents.

Winds at the Mars 2020 Landing Site. 2. Wind Variability and Turbulence.

Wind speeds measured by the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover in Jezero crater were fitted as a Weibull distribution. InSight wind data acquired in Elysium Planitia were also used to contextualize observations. Jezero winds were found to be much calmer on average than in previous landing sites, despite the intense aeolian activity observed.

Technical comment on "Reexamination of 2.5-Ga 'whiff' of oxygen interval points to anoxic ocean before GOE".

Many lines of inorganic geochemical evidence suggest transient "whiffs" of environmental oxygenation before the Great Oxidation Event (GOE). Slotznick assert that analyses of paleoredox proxies in the Mount McRae Shale, Western Australia, were misinterpreted and hence that environmental O levels were persistently negligible before the GOE. We find these arguments logically flawed and factually incomplete.

Temporal evaluation of efficacy and quality of tissue repair upon laser-activated sealing.

Injuries caused by surgical incisions or traumatic lacerations compromise the structural and functional integrity of skin. Immediate approximation and robust repair of skin are critical to minimize occurrences of dehiscence and infection that can lead to impaired healing and further complication. Light-activated skin sealing has emerged as an alternative to sutures, staples, and superficial adhesives, which do not integrate with tissues and are prone to scarring and infection.