Coupling analysis of heart rate variability and cortical arousal using a deep learning algorithm.

Frequent cortical arousal is associated with cardiovascular dysfunction among people with sleep-disordered breathing. Changes in heart rate variability (HRV) can represent pathological conditions associated with autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Previous studies showed changes in cardiac activity due to cortical arousals.

The Supreme Biodegradable Polymer DES in Acute and Chronic Coronary Syndromes: A PIONEER III Substudy.

Background: The PIONEER III trial demonstrated noninferiority of 12-month target lesion failure (TLF) with the Supreme DES (Sinomed), a thin-strut cobalt-chromium, biodegradable polymer, sirolimus-eluting stent, compared with a durable polymer, everolimus-eluting (XIENCE/PROMUS) stent (DP-EES). The relative safety and effectiveness of the Supreme DES in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and those with chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) is not known.

Methods: PIONEER III was a prospective, multicenter, international, 2:1 randomized trial stratified by clinical presentation.

Scandinavian trial of uncomplicated aortic dissection therapy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Contemporary management of uncomplicated type B aortic dissections (uTBAD) is based on the acuity and various morphological features. Medical therapy is mandatory, while the risks of early thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) are balanced against the potential for rupture, complex surgery, and death. Improved aortic morphology following TEVAR is documented, but evidence for improved overall survival is lacking.

Medical Journey of Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Alzheimer's Disease Dementia: A Cross-sectional Survey of Patients, Care Partners, and Neurologists.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease presenting along a continuum ranging from asymptomatic disease to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), followed by dementia characterized as mild, moderate, or severe.

Objectives: To better understand the medical journey of patients with all-cause MCI or mild AD dementia from the perspective of patients, care partners, and physicians.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Exercise-Induced Left Atrial Hypertension in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Background: Many patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction have no overt volume overload and normal resting left atrial (LA) pressure.

Objectives: This study sought to characterize patients with normal resting LA pressure (pulmonary capillary wedge pressure [PCWP] <15 mm Hg) but exercise-induced left atrial hypertension (EILAH).

Methods: The REDUCE LAP-HF II (A Study to Evaluate the Corvia Medical, Inc.

Fake-news-free evidence-based communication for proper vein-lymphatic disease management.

Published scientific evidence demonstrate the current spread of healthcare misinformation in the most popular social networks and unofficial communication channels. Up to 40% of the medical websites were identified reporting inappropriate information, moreover being shared more than 450,000 times in a 5-year-time frame. The phenomenon is particularly spread in infective diseases medicine, oncology and cardiovascular medicine.

Iron deficiency in pulmonary vascular disease: pathophysiological and clinical implications.

Aims: Iron deficiency is common in pulmonary hypertension, but its clinical significance and optimal definition remain unclear.

Methods And Results: Phenotypic data for 1028 patients enrolled in the Redefining Pulmonary Hypertension through Pulmonary Vascular Disease Phenomics study were analyzed. Iron deficiency was defined using the conventional heart failure definition and also based upon optimal cut-points associated with impaired peak oxygen consumption (peakVO2), 6-min walk test distance, and 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) scores.

Outcomes of Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of the Left Anterior Descending Artery.

The left anterior descending artery (LAD) subtends a large myocardial territory. The outcomes of LAD chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have received limited study. We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent LAD CTO PCI at a high-volume single center.

Outcomes of Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention After a Previous Failed Attempt.

The impact of a previous failure on procedural techniques and outcomes of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has received limited study. We examined the clinical and angiographic characteristics and procedural outcomes of 9,393 patients who underwent 9,560 CTO PCIs at 42 United States and non-United States centers between 2012 and 2022. A total of 1,904 CTO lesions (20%) had a previous failed PCI attempt.

Major depression, physical health and molecular senescence markers abnormalities.

Previous studies suggested the role of cellular senescence in late-life depression (LLD). However, it is unclear how this finding relates to common features of LLD, such as medical and cognitive problems. We applied factor analyses to an extensive battery of clinical variables in 426 individuals with LLD.

Sudden Cardiac Arrest in Basketball and Soccer Stadiums, the Role of Automated External Defibrillators: A Review. For the BELTRAN Study (BaskEtbaLl and soccer sTadiums: Registry on Automatic exterNal defibrillators).

Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) during sports events has a dramatic impact on stadium-goers and the public and is often associated with poor outcomes unless treated with an automated external defibrillator (AED). Despite this, stadiums vary in AED use. This review aims to identify the risks and incidences of SCA, and the use of AEDs in soccer and basketball stadiums.

Nuts and Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes: A Review of the Evidence and Future Directions.

Nuts are nutrient-rich foods that contain many bioactive compounds that are beneficial for cardiovascular health. Higher consumption of nuts has been associated with a reduced risk of several cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in prospective cohort studies, including a 19% and 25% lower risk of CVD incidence and mortality, respectively, and a 24% and 27% lower risk of coronary heart disease incidence and mortality, respectively. An 18% lower risk of stroke mortality, a 15% lower risk of atrial fibrillation, and a 19% lower risk of total mortality have also been observed.

Nuts in the Prevention and Management of Type 2 Diabetes.

Diabetes is a continuously growing global concern affecting >10% of adults, which may be mitigated by modifiable lifestyle factors. Consumption of nuts and their inclusion in dietary patterns has been associated with a range of beneficial health outcomes. Diabetes guidelines recommend dietary patterns that incorporate nuts; however, specific recommendations related to nuts have been limited.

Mild Paravalvular Leak May Pose an Increased Thrombogenic Risk in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) Patients-Insights from Patient Specific In Vitro and In Silico Studies.

In recent years, the treatment of aortic stenosis with TAVR has rapidly expanded to younger and lower-risk patients. However, persistent thrombotic events such as stroke and valve thrombosis expose recipients to severe clinical complications that hamper TAVR's rapid advance. We presented a novel methodology for establishing a link between commonly acceptable mild paravalvular leak (PVL) levels through the device and increased thrombogenic risk.

Perioperative anaphylactic reactions to central venous and pulmonary artery catheters containing chlorhexidine, sulfadiazine, or latex: a historical cohort study.

Purpose: Central venous catheters (CVCs) and pulmonary artery catheters (PACs) containing chlorhexidine, silver sulfadiazine, or latex can cause perioperative anaphylaxis. We examined the incidence of and outcomes associated with anaphylaxis caused by CVCs/PACs.

Methods: In a historical cohort study, we retrospectively identified adult patients fitted with CVCs/PACs at the Mayo Clinics in Minnesota, Arizona, and Florida from 1 January 2008 to 1 March 2018.

Rhinitis associated with asthma is distinct from rhinitis alone: The ARIA-MeDALL hypothesis.

Asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (AD) are interrelated clinical phenotypes that partly overlap in the human interactome. The concept of "one-airway-one-disease," coined over 20 years ago, is a simplistic approach of the links between upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases. With new data, it is time to reassess the concept.

Pulmonary artery compliance in different forms of pulmonary hypertension.

Objective: Pulmonary artery compliance (PAC), estimated as stroke volume (SV) divided by pulmonary artery pulse pressure (PP), may be a predictor of survival in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Resistance-compliance (RC) time, the product of PAC and pulmonary vascular resistance, is reported to be a physiological constant. We investigated if differences in PAC and RC time exist between pulmonary hypertension (PH) subgroups and examined whether PAC is an independent predictor of transplant-free survival in PAH.

Association of Anthracycline With Heart Failure in Patients Treated for Breast Cancer or Lymphoma, 1985-2010.

Importance: Anthracyclines increase the risk for congestive heart failure (CHF); however, long-term cumulative incidence and risk factors for CHF after anthracycline therapy are not well defined in population-based studies.

Objective: To compare the long-term cumulative incidence of CHF in patients with breast cancer or lymphoma treated with anthracycline therapy compared with healthy controls from the same community.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective population-based case-control study included data from the Rochester Epidemiology Project.

Sex-based disparities and in-hospital outcomes of patients hospitalized with atrial fibrillation with and without dementia.

Study Objective: We sought to evaluate the sex-based disparities and comparative in-hospital outcomes of principal AF hospitalizations in patients with and without dementia, which have not been well-studied.

Design: This is a non-interventional retrospective cohort study.

Setting And Participants: We identified principal hospitalizations of AF in the National Inpatient Sample in adults (≥18 years old) between January 2016 and December 2019.

Hypothermia or Machine Perfusion in Kidney Donors.

Background: Therapeutic hypothermia in brain-dead organ donors has been shown to reduce delayed graft function in kidney recipients after transplantation. Data are needed on the effect of hypothermia as compared with machine perfusion on outcomes after kidney transplantation.

Methods: At six organ-procurement facilities in the United States, we randomly assigned brain-dead kidney donors to undergo therapeutic hypothermia (hypothermia group), ex situ kidney hypothermic machine perfusion (machine-perfusion group), or both (combination-therapy group).

The global syndemic of metabolic diseases in the young adult population: A consortium of trends and projections from the Global Burden of Disease 2000-2019.

Background: A significant proportion of premature deaths globally are related to metabolic diseases in young adults. We examined the global trends and mortality of metabolic diseases in individuals aged below 40 years using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019.

Methods: From 2000 to 2019, global estimates of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were described for metabolic diseases (type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM], hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD]).

Incidence, Predictors, and Clinical Outcomes of Device-Related Thrombus in the Amulet IDE Trial.

Background: Device-related thrombus (DRT) following left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) can lead to adverse clinical outcomes. DRT rates and outcomes from randomized trials are limited.

Objectives: This analysis investigated the incidence, predictors, and clinical outcomes of DRT following LAAO in the Amulet IDE (AMPLATZER Amulet LAA Occluder Trial) trial.