Molecular diversity and genetic potential of new maize inbred lines across varying sowing conditions in arid environment.

Developing high-yielding and resilient maize hybrids is essential to ensure its sustainable production with the ongoing challenges of considerable shifts in global climate. This study aimed to explore genetic diversity among exotic and local maize inbred lines, evaluate their combining ability, understand the genetic mechanisms influencing ear characteristics and grain yield, and identify superior hybrids suited for timely and late sowing conditions. Seven local and exotic maize inbred lines were genotyped using SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) markers to assess their genetic diversity.

Biochemical evaluation of novel thiazolone derivatives as dual α-glucosidase/α-amylase inhibitors, anti-inflammatory agents.

Background: Using an analogue-based drug design approach, a number of novel 2-substituted-1,3-thiazolone derivatives (3-10) have been produced and given permission to proceed for their anti-inflammatory properties. In the present paper, the new thiazole derivatives were designed, synthesized, and tested for their alpha-glucosidase, alpha-amylase, and COX-inhibitory activities. Approving the anti-diabetic activity.

Synthesis of new functionalized bioactive S-substituted indolyl-triazoles as cytotoxic and apoptotic agents through multi-targeted kinase inhibition.

The search for new anticancer compounds is a major focus for researchers in chemistry, biology, and medicine. Cancer affects people of all ages and regions, with rising incidence rates. It does not discriminate by age or gender, making it a significant threat to humanity.

Mitigating lead acetate-induced histopathologic and physiologic disorders in rats receiving vitamin C and glutathione supplement.

The present work examines the extreme impact of lead acetate and the preventive function of co-supplementation with vitamin C and glutathione. It hypothesizes that these supplements can alleviate the poisonous effects of lead exposure. Eighty male albino rats, weighing 100 ± 15 g, were categorized into four groups: the control group, the second group receiving daily supplements of 100 mg/kg of body weight glutathione and 1 mg/100 g of body weight vitamin C orally, the third group receiving 100 mg/kg body weight of lead acetate orally daily, and the fourth group receiving similar oral dosages of lead acetate along with glutathione and vitamin C.

Screening of bioactive components in dried oleo-gum resin and assessment of its protective function against cadmium-induced oxidative damage, genotoxicity, and cytotoxicity in rats.

Cadmium (Cd) is among the most ecologically harmful heavy metals. The purpose of this work was to identify the biologically active components in dried oleo-resin-gum of extract (FAE) and assess their preventive efficacy against oxidative damage caused by Cd in rats. The biologically active components were identified using HPLC and GC-MS.

A holistic approach to distribution, ecotoxicology, and human health risk of potentially hazardous emerging pollutants along the Egyptian Mediterranean coast: Univariate and multivariate analyses.

This study examines pollution, ecotoxicological, and health risks of B, F, and S in seawater and sediments along the southern Mediterranean Sea. Strong positive loading on B in sediment, PLI, and NPI suggested that the high B content raises the total amount of contamination and cumulative risks to benthic organisms. Logk for S and F were <3 indicating that they were easily transported to the water column.

Green Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticles, Statistical Process Optimization, Characterization, and Molecular Docking Analysis of Their Antimicrobial Activities onto Cotton Fabrics.

Nanotechnological methods for creating multifunctional fabrics are attracting global interest. The incorporation of nanoparticles in the field of textiles enables the creation of multifunctional textiles exhibiting UV irradiation protection, antimicrobial properties, self-cleaning properties and photocatalytic. Nanomaterials-loaded textiles have many innovative applications in pharmaceuticals, sports, military the textile industry etc.

Expression and Immune Response Profiles in Nile Tilapia () and European Sea Bass () During Pathogen Challenge and Infection.

Nile tilapia () and European sea bass () are economically significant species in Mediterranean countries, serving essential roles in the aquaculture industry due to high market demand and nutritional value. They experience substantial losses from bacterial pathogens and , particularly at the onset of the summer season. The immune mechanisms involved in fish infections by and remain poorly understood.

Fluorinated Sulfonamides: Synthesis, Characterization, In Silico, Molecular Docking, ADME, DFT Predictions, and Structure-Activity Relationships, as Well as Assessments of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities.

The design and synthesis of unique two series of fluorinated sulfonamides 3a-f and 5a-g utilizing nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions of tetrafluorophthalonitrile 1 with various sulfonamides 2 under a variety of different reactions conditions were the key goals of the current research. The chemical composition of the generated products has been investigated via mass spectroscopy, HNMR, CNMR, infrared, and elemental analyzes. Antimicrobial studies were conducted in vitro to evaluate the activity of all new synthesized compounds against resistant strains.

Effect of Salt Stress on Botanical Characteristics of Some Table Beet ( L.) Cultivars.

Salinity inhibits the uptake of nitrogen, which slows down the growth and prevents plant reproduction. Certain ions, especially chloride, are poisonous to plants; when their concentration increases, the plant becomes poisoned and eventually perishes. The adaptability of several table beet cultivars ( L.

The benefits of astaxanthin-rich microalgal powder on growth, health, and disease resistance against Fusarium solani in Pacific white shrimp.

In shrimp aquaculture, enhancing health and disease resistance is crucial for sustainable production. This study investigates the pioneering effects of astaxanthin-enriched microalgal powder from Haematococcus pluvialis (HP) on Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), focusing on growth efficiency, body composition, immune and antioxidant responses, intestinal health, histopathology, gene expression, and resistance against Fusarium solani. Shrimp (initial weight 5.

Artificial intelligence-based optimization for extracellular L-glutaminase free L-asparaginase production by Streptomyces violaceoruber under solid state fermentation conditions.

The bacterial L-asparaginase is a highly effective chemotherapeutic drug and a cornerstone of treatment protocols used for treatment the acute lymphoblastic leukemia in pediatric oncology. A potential actinomycete isolate, Streptomyces sp. strain NEAE-99, produces glutaminase-free L-asparaginase was isolated from a soil sample.

Antioxidant and Antiapoptotic Effects of Selenium And Nano Selenium-Loaded Exosomes on Hepatic Dysfunction of Type 1 Diabetic Rats.

Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (MSCs-EXs) applications have brought a key breakthrough in treating type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and its diabetic complications. However, various recent strategies aimed to construct prominent engineered EXs with greater precision and higher efficiency for diabetes syndrome were conducted. In this research, we seek to enhance the medicinal potentialities of MSCs-EXs on type 1 diabetic rats' hepatic complications, via loading with either selenium (Se) or nano selenium (NSe) particles.

Impact of Punica granatum seeds extract (PSE) on renal and testicular tissues toxicity in mice exposed to iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs).

Recently, nano-manufactured materials have been used to treat many diseases, such as healing wounds and other modern biological applications. This study investigates the positive effect of Punica granatum seeds extract on kidney and testicular toxicities induced by iron oxide nanoparticles. Forty mice were randomly divided into four groups; the 1st group was the control group.

The Escalating threat of climate change-driven diseases in fish: Evidence from a global perspective - A literature review.

Climate change has brought significant alterations to the aquatic environment, leading to the rapid spread of infectious fish diseases with increasing water temperatures. It is crucial to understand how aquatic pathogens will impact fish in the context of climate change. This study aimed to assess the effects of climate change on fish diseases globally.

Ecotoxicity of bromate and human health risks resulting from wastewater treatment units' effluents associated with some key physicochemical parameters in two hotspots connected to the Egyptian Mediterranean Sea.

This study is the first of its kind in terms of focusing on the seasonal monitoring of bromine species (bromide and bromate) and some of the main physicochemical parameters in the surface water of stations inside and in front of the El Noubareya and El-Umum drains that flow directly or indirectly to the Egyptian Mediterranean coast at A (El Noubareya Drain) and B (El-Mex Bay) sites. Among the bromine species, bromate (BrO) is a disinfection byproduct considered by many international agencies to have a potential carcinogenic effect in humans and is also known to be ecologically toxic to aquatic organisms. Drain water samples collected from the studied sites A and B had a bromide/chlorinity ratio (3.

Molecular and agro-morphological diversity assessment of some bread wheat genotypes and their crosses for drought tolerance.

Wheat, a staple cereal crop, faces challenges due to climate change and increasing global population. Maintaining genetic diversity is vital for developing drought-tolerant cultivars. This study evaluated the genetic diversity and drought response of five wheat cultivars and their corresponding F1 hybrids under well-watered and drought stress conditions.

Biochemical Characterization and Disease Control Efficacy of -Derived Chitosan-An In Vivo Study against , the Causal Agent of Plum Brown Rot.

Chitin (Ct) is a crucial biopolymer present in fungi, algae, arthropods, and is usually obtained from crustacean shells. Chitosan (Cs) is a derivative from Ct deacetylation, and possesses numerous uses in various agro-industrial fields. Research on fungal-derived Ct and Cs is mostly focused on pharmaceutical uses, however their uses for plant disease control remain less explored.

Myco-Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles, Optimization, Characterization, and In Silico Anticancer Activities by Molecular Docking Approach against Hepatic and Breast Cancer.

This study explored the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the extracellular filtrate of as a reducing agent and evaluated their antitumor potential through in vitro and in silico approaches. The biosynthesis of AgNPs was monitored by visual observation of the color change and confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, revealing a characteristic peak at 418 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed spherical nanoparticles ranging from 6.

Orange peel-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles with antioxidant and antitumor activities.

Orange (Citrus sinensis L.) is a common fruit crop widely distributed worldwide with the peel of its fruits representing about 50% of fruit mass. In the current study, orange peel was employed to mediate the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in a low-cost green approach.

Effects of dietary powdered Ficus deltoidea on the growth and health performance of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus production.

Intensive aquaculture causes a decline in the health status of fish, resulting in an increased disease incidence. To counteract this, feed additives have been utilized to improve the growth performance and health of aquaculture species. This work specifically investigates the impact of powdered Ficus deltoidea (FD) on various parameters related to growth, blood parameters, liver and intestine morphology, body proximate analysis, digestive enzymes, antioxidant capacity, and disease resistance to motile Aeromonad Septicemia (MAS) caused by Aeromonas hydrophila infection in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus.

Green synthesis of silver and gold-doped zinc oxide nanocomposite with propolis extract for enhanced anticancer activity.

Metal and metal oxide nanocomposites have unique properties and are promising for antibacterial and anticancer applications. In this work, we aimed to highlight the relationship between the biosynthesis ways of silver and gold-doped zinc oxide nanocomposites and their functions as anticancer on cell lines (MCF-7 and HepG2). The propolis was used to biosynthesize four different nanoparticles with the same components, including zinc, gold and silver.

Metabonomic analysis to identify exometabolome changes underlying antifungal and growth promotion mechanisms of endophytic Actinobacterium for sustainable agriculture practice.

In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on microbial ecology and its possible impact on agricultural production, owing to its eco-friendly nature and sustainable use. The current study employs metabolomics technologies and bioinformatics approaches to identify changes in the exometabolome of B24. This research aims to shed light on the mechanisms and metabolites responsible for the antifungal and growth promotion strategies, with potential applications in sustainable agriculture.