Fndc5/irisin is regulated by myogenesis stage, irisin, muscle type and training.

Objectives: Irisin, a novel myokine that responds to exercise, was initially identified as a regulator of fat tissue metabolism. We aimed to investigate fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (Fndc5)/irisin, auto/para-crine role in different muscle fibers, different activities, and muscle cell differentiation.

Methods: Using , , and muscle models, Fndc5 was studied at the physiological and molecular levels.

Cardiomyopathy and Pregnancy: Considerations for Women With Severely Reduced Left Ventricular Dysfunction.

Women with dilated cardiomyopathy or left ventricular (LV) dysfunction (LV ejection fraction [LVEF] < 40%) from other etiology are at increased risk of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. They should undergo preconception evaluation, risk assessment, and treatment modification including discontinuation and replacement of contraindicated medications. A close follow-up and treatment by a multidisciplinary team is recommended at all stages: preconception, gestation, delivery, and postpartum.

On-line determination of deuterium content in water FTIR spectroscopy.

Hydrogen stable isotope ratios are critical indicators in environmental geochemical studies for characterizing runoff, determination of groundwater groups and water uptake by plants (generally used in combination with O analysis). While the common technique for this hydrogen isotope measurement is Mass Spectrometry, FTIR (Fourier transform infra-red) spectroscopy may be an alternative method, with the advantage of direct and simple operating measurements. The FTIR spectrometer has the advantage of performing measurements, which can delineate continuous geochemical processes.

N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine inhibits the development of glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis in diabetes-prone mice.

Unlabelled: Oxidative stress is associated with different pathological conditions, including glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes (T2D), however studies had failed to prove the benefits of antioxidants in T2D.

Aim: On the assumption that the failure to demonstrate such anti-diabetic effects is a result of sub-optimal or excessive antioxidant dosage, we aimed to clarify the dose-response effect of the antioxidant N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC) on the progression of T2D in-vivo.

Methods: Experiments were conducted on KK-Ay mice and HFD-fed mice given NAC at different concentrations (200-1800 and 60-600 mg/kg/day, respectively).

The relations between posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and disorder of extreme stress (not otherwise specified) symptoms following war captivity.

Objective: War captivity is a recognized pathogenic agent for both posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and disorder of extreme stress not otherwise specified (DESNOS) symptoms, also known as Complex PTSD. However, the relationship between the two disorders remains unclear. While some scholars assume that the two diagnoses are overlapping and share the same predictors, others believe that the two diagnoses are relatively independent and differ in phenomenology and functional impairment.