Digestive and metabolic profile of the resident population of the silverside Odontesthes argentinensis from Mar Chiquita Coastal Lagoon (Buenos Aires, Argentina).

The knowledge about the occurrence and biochemical characteristics of key digestive enzymes is crucial for an enhanced understanding of the dietary ecophysiology of the species. On the other hand, integrative studies on digestive physiology and on tissue content of glycogen, glucose, lipid and protein in groups of ecological and economic importance are currently limited. In this work, we determined the occurrence and biochemical characteristics in intestine of key digestive enzymes activities as indexes of the ability to digest different dietary substrates and of functional differentiation for digestion/absorption of nutrients along with the intestinal coefficient as index of dietary habit and digestion efficiency in adults of Odonthtestes argentinensis inhabiting Mar Chiquita Coastal Lagoon (Buenos Aires, Argentina).

Boosting porphyrin synthesis and ALA-mediated photoinactivation through near-infrared therapy.

Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) combines the use of photosensitizers with visible light to produce reactive oxygen species that effectively eliminate pathogens. To investigate the impact of near- infrared therapy (NIRT) on heme biosynthesis and permeability of the pro-photosensitizers 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and Hexyl-ALA (H-ALA) through biofilms, we applied sub-lethal conditions for both NIRT and PDI to maintain intact bacterial viability. During NIRT, the temperature remained below 37°C, permitting rapid heating (ΔT = 11°C) without causing thermal damage.

Lupus Nephritis Renal Response in a Real-World Setting in Argentina.

Objective: To identify the percentage of patients with incident lupus nephritis who achieved primary efficacy renal response (PERR) and complete renal response (CRR) after 2 years of treatment at a university hospital.

Methods: An observational study including patients with lupus with a first renal biopsy with nephritis class III, IV, or V, or combined, performed between years 2000 and 2018 and follow-up for over 2 years at a university hospital in Argentina. The proportion of patients with PERR and CRR at 1 and 2 years and the proportion of patients requiring rescue therapy were calculated.

Chlorpyrifos induces lung metastases and modulation of cancer stem cell markers in triple negative breast cancer model.

Breast cancer is a major public health problem, and distant metastases are the main cause of morbidity and mortality. Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate that promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-like phenotype in breast cancer cell lines and modulates the Breast Cancer Stem Cells activating two key processes related to the metastatic cascade. Here, we investigated whether Chlorpyrifos may induce distant metastases in an in vivo triple negative tumor model.

Application of the 6-SNP elevated LDL-cholesterol polygenic risk score in individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia phenotype from an Argentine population.

Introduction: LDL-cholesterol greater than 190 mg/dL indicates severe hypercholesterolemia (HS) of monogenic and/or polygenic origin. Genetic risk scores (GRS) evaluate potential polygenic causes.

Objective: we applied a GRS of 6-SNP (GRS-6) in HS individuals.

Optimized Metolachlor, Epoxiconazole and Chlorantraniliprole Mixture Analysis for Aquatic Toxicity Testing Using UHPLC-MS/MS.

The co-occurrence of pesticides in aquatic ecosystems highlights the need for studies investigating their potential toxicity as mixtures to the aquatic biota. Well-designed studies are essential to assess the presence and toxicity of relevant pesticide mixtures, particularly those such as the chloroacetamide herbicide metolachlor (MET), the triazole fungicide epoxiconazole (EP) and the diamide anthranilic insecticide chlorantraniliprole (CAP), which have not been previously tested, and whose co-occurrence is possible in waters close to cultivated areas. A solid phase extraction ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry method was developed to quantify equivalent toxicity concentrations for CAP, EP, and MET in artificial freshwater during acute toxicity tests.

Environmental Challenges and Co-Infection Modulate Resistance and Tolerance Against Trypanosoma Cruzi and Trichinella Spiralis in Rats.

To overcome infection, hosts employ two defense strategies: resistance (which limits pathogen fitness), and tolerance (which reduces infection damage). These strategies may be influenced by environmental challenges such as food shortage, social conflict, and co-infections. Here, our objective was to assess defense strategies in rats infected with Trichinella spiralis and/or Trypanosoma cruzi under environmental challenges.

Analysis of Social Genetic Effects on Pigs Fed With Automatic Feeders Using a Visit-Based Approach.

Social behaviour traits and their impact on feed efficiency are of particular interest in pig farming. The integration of automatic feeders enables the collection of multiple phenotypes for breeding purposes. The additive genetic and social genetic effect can be estimated considering all the visits to the feeder by modelling each visit independently in a 'visit-based approach'.

Analysis of the role of acetylation in and the giardicidal potential of garcinol.

Introduction: Post-translational modifications of proteins provide cellular physiology with a broad range of adaptability to the external environment flexibly and rapidly. In the case of the protozoan parasite , the study of these modifications has gained relevance in recent years, mainly focusing on methylation and deacetylation of proteins. This study investigates the significance of acetylation in this protozoan parasite.

Evaluation of three fixation methods in tibiotalocalcaneal fusion for chronic osteomyelitis following ankle fracture.

Introduction: In the scenario of chronic osteomyelitis following an ankle fracture, limb salvage and ideally infection eradication, can be an alternative to amputation.Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis is perhaps the most popular procedure. When performing fusion in osteomyelitis patients, external fixation is more commonly used, although there is some experience with internal fixation.

Fungal Planet description sheets: 1697-1780.

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: , from accumulated snow sediment sample. , on leaf spots of . , on submerged decaying wood in sea water, on , as endophyte from healthy leaves of .

Photopolymerizable robust lipids towards reliability and their applications.

Synthetic lipids have been studied as components in membrane models and drug delivery systems. Polymerizable phospholipids, especially photosensitive ones, can form new bilayer bonds when UV light irradiates. These phospholipids have been known since the 1980s, but in the last few years, new applications have been highlighted.

Targeting histone acetylation to overcome drug resistance in the parasite .

Trichomoniasis, caused by the parasite , is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection. Current treatment relies exclusively on 5-nitroimidazole drugs, with metronidazole (MTZ) as the primary option. However, the increasing prevalence of MTZ-resistant strains poses a significant challenge, particularly in the current absence of alternative therapies.

Trends in BMI in Latin American Children With New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Over 3 Years.

This article reports the trends in BMI score (-BMI) and their correlation with insulin dose and A1C in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes from several Latin American centers. The researchers observed a significant increase in the -BMI from type 1 diabetes onset through the 3-year follow-up, with insulin dose as a significant covariate. Although insulin doses steadily increased, their impact on A1C did not appear to be optimal (mean A1C 8.

Effectiveness of potassium peroxymonosulfate against enveloped viruses using an aqueous phase and its application on various contaminated carrier surfaces and artificially avian influenza virus-contaminated clothes.

Background And Aim: Potassium peroxymonosulfate (PPMS) is a broad-spectrum disinfectant that oxidizes viral protein capsids. The effectiveness of PPMS in killing viruses depends on several factors, including its concentration, contact time, and present of organic materials. This study evaluated the efficacy of PPMS in an aqueous phase.

Ecomorphology of South American Penguins.

A major goal of evolutionary ecology is to understand the interaction between ecological differences and the functional morphology of organisms. Studies of this type are common among flying birds but less so in penguins. Penguins (Spheniscidae) are the most derived extant underwater flying birds using their wings for swimming and beak when foraging.

Moonlighting antibiotics: the extra job of modulating biofilm formation.

The widespread use of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections has led to the common perception that their only function is to inhibit growth or kill bacteria. However, it has become clear that when antibiotics reach susceptible bacteria at non-lethal concentrations, they perform additional functions that significantly impact bacterial physiology, shaping both individual and collective behaviors. A key bacterial behavior influenced by sub-lethal antibiotic doses is biofilm formation, a multicellular, surface-associated mode of growth.

Update of diagnostic methods in tuberculosis (TB).

The WHO aims to reduce the number of deaths from TB by 95% and decrease its incidence rate by 90% between 2015 and 2035. The recommended rapid diagnostic tests are accurate and cost-effective, allow for a prompt start to treatment, and influence other outcomes that are important to the patient. To detect latent infection, the tuberculin skin test and interferon γ release (IGRA) tests are used.

An innovative approach for lipid-rich food preservation: peanut skin microcapsules.

This study evaluates the microencapsulation of peanut skin phenolic compounds by spray drying, assessing their physicochemical properties and storage stability and the protective effect against oxidative deterioration in walnut kernels. Extraction yield, total phenolic content, and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis were performed on peanut skin crude extract (PCE). Microencapsulation of PCE with 10%, 20%, and 30% maltodextrin via spray drying was conducted.

Endoscopic endonasal approach for optic Pathway-Hypothalamic Glioma: A pediatric case Report and a Systematic review.

Background: The Endoscopic Endonasal Approach (EEA) has revolutionized the treatment landscape for optic pathway-hypothalamic gliomas (OPHGs) by providing precise visualization of the lesion neuroanatomic and minimizing brain manipulation. Despite the variable clinical trajectories of OPHGs, the optimal management neurosurgical strategy continues to be a subject of debate.

Methods: We present a case of an 8-year-old female with an OPHG who underwent EEA and performed a systematic review search in English and Spanish case reports from January 2007 (date of first reported case) to June 2024, focusing on OPHG treated with EEA.

Comparing voluntary and government-mandated management measures for meeting sustainable fishing targets.

Management of natural resources and environmental systems has often involved top-down approaches in which government agencies set and enforce regulations on extractive activities. More recently, market-driven approaches were introduced to incentivise producers to voluntarily engage in practices that align with management objectives and support regulations. For the first time, we compare government and voluntary approaches within fisheries management systems and quantify their relative influences on the sustainability status of fish populations.

Bioaccumulation and toxicokinetics of arsenite (As III) in the aquatic bioindicator Pomacea canaliculata using radiotracer analysis.

This study examines the kinetics of absorption, distribution and accumulation of arsenite (As III) in the freshwater gastropod Pomacea canaliculata using a short-lived tracer (As III). The toxicokinetic model indicate that the gills play a crucial role in the As III uptake, with uptake rates significantly exceeding those of release back into the aquatic environment. The movement of As III from the gills to the hemolymph has low exchange rate.

Steroid hormone receptors, exome sequencing and treatment responsiveness of breast cancer patient-derived xenografts originated in a South American country.

Breast cancer (BC) patient-derived xenografts (PDX) are relevant models for precision medicine. However, there are no collections derived from South American BC patients. Since ethnicity significantly impacts clinical outcomes, it is necessary to develop PDX models from different lineages.