Evaluation of spp. System Model Against .

Cereal crops are affected by one of the most devastating diseases worldwide, known as Fusarium head blight (FHB), with being the most isolated causal pathogen. Another species associated with this disease is . This species has been considered a relatively weak pathogen compared to , but its importance has increased due to its occurrence in cereal grains worldwide.

Description of the New Species (Hydnangiaceae, Basidiomycota) and a Reassessment of Based on Morphological and Phylogenetic Analyses.

is a diverse and widespread genus of ectomycorrhizal fungi that form symbiotic associations with various trees and shrubs, playing a significant role in forest ecosystems. Approximately 85 species are formally recognised, but recent studies indicate this number may be an underestimation, highlighting the need for further taxonomic studies to improve our understanding of species boundaries. This manuscript focuses on , originally described by Singer in 1967 as var.

Columnar Mesophases and Organogels Formed by H-Bound Dimers Based on 3,6-Terminally Difunctionalized Triphenylenes.

A series of triphenylene (TP) compounds-denoted 3,6-THTP-DiCOH-bearing four hexyloxy ancillary chains and two variable-length alkoxy chains terminally functionalized with hydroxyl groups have been synthesized and characterized. The shorter homologs revealed mesogenic characteristics, giving rise to thermotropic mesophases in which π-stacked columns of H-bound dimers self-organize yielding superstructures. Molecular-scale models are proposed to account for their structural features.

Statistical Complexity Analysis of Sleep Stages.

Studying sleep stages is crucial for understanding sleep architecture, which can help identify various health conditions, including insomnia, sleep apnea, and neurodegenerative diseases, allowing for better diagnosis and treatment interventions. In this paper, we explore the effectiveness of generalized weighted permutation entropy (GWPE) in distinguishing between different sleep stages from EEG signals. Using classification algorithms, we evaluate feature sets derived from both standard permutation entropy (PE) and GWPE to determine which set performs better in classifying sleep stages, demonstrating that GWPE significantly enhances sleep stage differentiation, particularly in identifying the transition between N1 and REM sleep.

The Structure of Bit-String Similarity Networks.

We study the structural properties of networks formed by random sets of bit strings-namely the ordered arrays of binary variables representing, for instance, genetic information or cultural profiles. Two bit strings are connected by a network link when they are sufficiently similar to each other, i.e.

Information Theoretical Analysis of Quantum Mixedness in a Finite Model of Interacting Fermions.

In this study, we utilize information theory tools to investigate notable features of the quantum degree of mixedness (Cf) in a finite model of interacting fermions. This model serves as a simplified proxy for an atomic nucleus, capturing its essential features in a more manageable form compared to a realistic nuclear model, which would require the diagonalization of matrices with millions of elements, making the extraction of qualitative features a significant challenge. Specifically, we aim to correlate Cf with particle number fluctuations and temperature, using the paradigmatic Lipkin model.

Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Acute Myocardial Ischaemia Based on Entropy-Complexity Plane.

Myocardial ischaemia is a decompensation of the oxygen supply and demand ratio, often caused by coronary atherosclerosis. During the initial stage of ischaemia, the electrical activity of the heart is disrupted, increasing the risk of malignant arrhythmias. The aim of this study is to understand the differential behaviour of the ECG during occlusion of both the left anterior descending (LAD) and right anterior coronary artery (RCA), respectively, using spatio-temporal quantifiers from information theory.

Repeated Amphetamine Exposure Blunted Angiotensin II-Induced Responses Mediated by AT Receptors.

Background: Angiotensin II, is critical in regulating the sympathetic and neuroendocrine systems through angiotensin II type 1 receptors (AT-R). Angiotensin II intracerebral administration increases water and sodium intake, as well as renal sodium excretion. Previously, our group has shown that AT-R is involved in behavioral and neurochemical sensitization induced by amphetamine.

Indirect Decompression in Lumbar Degenerative Pathology: Analysis of Imaging Changes at 48 Hours with One-year Follow-up.

Objectives: Investigate the immediate resonance magnetic image changes undergone by the lumbar canal after indirect decompression and compare them at one-year post-intervention. We also investigate the clinical outcome of indirect decompression at one-year follow-up.

Methods: Imaging changes in patients who underwent indirect lumbar decompression and percutaneous posterior fixation were analyzed with one-year follow-up.

Mitochondrial DNA oxidation and content in different metabolic phenotypes of women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Introduction: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects 5-20% of reproductive-aged women. Insulin resistance (IR) is common in PCOS with consequent elevated risks of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular mortality. PCOS and obesity are complex conditions associated with Metabolic Syndrome (MS), contributing to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).

Airborne fine particulate matter exposure induces transcriptomic alterations resembling asthmatic signatures: insights from integrated omics analysis.

Fine particulate matter (PM), an atmospheric pollutant that settles deep in the respiratory tract, is highly harmful to human health. Despite its well-known impact on lung function and its ability to exacerbate asthma, the molecular basis of this effect is not fully understood. This integrated transcriptomic and epigenomic data analysis from publicly available datasets aimed to determine the impact of PM exposure and its association with asthma in human airway epithelial cells.

Photoluminescent Properties of Tb-UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework Analogues.

Three new analogues of Tb-UiO-66 with various functional groups (-F, -Br, -NH) on the terephthalic acid linker of the metal-organic framework (MOF) are synthesized and characterized. The photoluminescent properties of these analogues, as well as Tb-UiO-66 and Tb-UiO-66-(OH), are studied and correlated to the calculated energies for the triplet (T) states of each linker. The results show that the addition of electron withdrawing groups, such as -F and -Br, lead to higher T energies, resulting in quantum yields in the range of 6-31%.

Effects of unsaturated C18 fatty acids on "glucose-glutathione" Maillard reaction: Comparison and formation pathways of initial stage and meaty flavor compounds.

To explore the effect of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid on "glucose-glutathione" Maillard reaction initial stage and meaty flavor compounds formation pathways, glutathione-Amadori compound was synthesized, and identified by Q/TOF and NMR. Depending on the concentration of glutathione and glutathione-Amadori compound quantified by UPLC-MS/MS, the unsaturated C18 fat acids inhibited glutathione Amadori compound formation or accelerated degradation, and oleic acid inhibited most markedly. The results showed that 65 volatile compounds were detected by GC-MS-O in four model systems.

Microstructure response of concentrated suspensions to flow reversal.

We study experimentally at the macroscopic and microstructure scale a dense suspension of non-Brownian neutrally buoyant spherical particles experiencing periodic reversals of flow at constant rate between parallel plates and tracked individually. We first characterize the quasi-steady state reached at the end of half periods. The volume fraction of particles increases from the walls to the center as a result of migration induced by the nonuniform strain rate.

Clinical spectrum of positional downbeat nystagmus: a diagnostic approach.

Positional downbeat nystagmus (pDBN) is a common finding in dizzy patients, with etiologies ranging from benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) to central vestibular lesions. Although peripheral pDBN often presents with distinct clinical features that differentiate it from BPPV, diagnosing its etiology can be challenging. A thorough clinical evaluation, including the physical characteristics of the nystagmus, response to positional maneuvers, and neurological findings, is often sufficient to diagnose conditions that provoke pDBN such as anterior canal BPPV, atypical posterior canal BPPV, and central causes.

Endemic coronavirus in children and adults with acute respiratory infection before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is one of the principal causes of morbidity worldwide, with respiratory viruses being common etiological agents. Among them, endemic human coronaviruses (hCoVs) including CoV-229E, CoV-OC43, CoV-NL63, and CoV-HKU1 can cause mild ARI but are usually not evaluated in the clinical setting. The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of all respiratory pathogens, with the focus placed on endemic hCoVs in the pre-pandemic period.

Local resection in rectal cancer: when, who and how?

Local resection (LR) in rectal cancer is indicated in stage T1N0M0 without unfavorable pathological factors, achieving oncologically satisfactory outcomes through transanal endoscopic surgery techniques. However, the initial step involves accurate staging and selection of these tumors through specific tests conducted in specialized colorectal units. For T2N0M0 tumors and T1 tumors with poor prognostic factors, the standard treatment is total mesorectal excision (TME), a procedure associated with high postoperative morbidity and mortality, functional impairments, and reduced quality of life.

Cassava starch extraction with a polygalacturonase from a wild yeast strain with disintegration activity on plant tissues.

The objective of the present study was to optimize an enzymatic starch extraction process from cassava roots using a polyglacturonase (PGase) from a wild yeast strain (Wickerhanomyces anomalus). The supernatant of W. anomalus culture, with PGase activity, was used as source of enzyme (enzymatic extract, EE).

Strategies of physiological, morpho-anatomical and biochemical adaptation in seedlings of native species exposed to mining waste.

Seeds of four native species of trees and shrubs (Larrea cuneifolia, Bulnesia retama, Plectrocarpa tetracantha and Prosopis flexuosa) were exposed to soil contaminated with As, Cu, Cd, and Zn from an abandoned gold mine to identify adaptation strategies. Several physiological, morpho-anatomical, and biochemical parameters were determined. The seed germination of L.

Additional Cladribine tablets treatment courses in multiple sclerosis patients. A retrospective observational study in Latin American countries.

The use of additional cladribine tablets treatment courses is becoming an option in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) showing disease activity after treatment initiation. Despite the availability over the past year of several expert opinion guidance on the subject, there is a need for real-world assessment of the efficacy and safety of cladribine tablets in these patients. Thus, the aim of the present retrospective observational study is to describe the characteristics of patients that received additional treatment courses within the cohort of cladribine tablets-treated MS patients enrolled in the patient support program (PSP) Adveva® in Latin America countries.

Unveiling the Potential of Southern Elderberry (Sambucus australis): Characterization of Physicochemical Properties, Carbohydrates, Organic Acids and Biophenols.

Sambucus australis is a wild species with purple fruits like berries. It is native from South America and can be found in Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia, and Brazil. A comprehensive characterization of S.

Nutritional and Functional Characterization of Chia Expeller and Gluten-Free Flours as Ingredients for Premixes.

The growing consumer demand for healthier foods that help reduce the risk of chronic diseases has driven the food industry to innovate with nutritionally and technologically viable products. This trend and the nutritional gaps in gluten-free diets have spurred the exploration of unconventional, high-quality ingredients like flour from pseudocereals, legumes, and oilseeds. This study evaluated the nutritional and functional profiles of chia expeller and flours from buckwheat, green/yellow peas, and rice to study their potential as techno-functional ingredients for new gluten-free premixes.

The Brussels consensus for non-invasive ICP monitoring when invasive systems are not available in the care of TBI patients (the B-ICONIC consensus, recommendations, and management algorithm).

Background: Invasive systems are commonly used for monitoring intracranial pressure (ICP) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and are considered the gold standard. The availability of invasive ICP monitoring is heterogeneous, and in low- and middle-income settings, these systems are not routinely employed due to high cost or limited accessibility. The aim of this consensus was to develop recommendations to guide monitoring and ICP-driven therapies in TBI using non-invasive ICP (nICP) systems.