Development and Characterization of Trihexyphenidyl Orodispersible Minitablets: A Challenge to Fill the Therapeutic Gap in Neuropediatrics.

Trihexyphenidyl (THP) has been widely used for over three decades as pediatric pharmacotherapy in patients affected by segmental and generalized dystonia. In order to achieve effective and safe pharmacotherapy for this population, new formulations are needed. The aim of this work is the development of trihexyphenidyl orodispersible minitablets (ODMTs) for pediatric use.

Alkaloid Profile, Anticholinesterase and Antioxidant Activities, and Sexual Propagation in (Amaryllidaceae).

, a recently described endemic species from southern Peru, belongs to the Amaryllidaceae family and is known for its diversity of alkaloids. Amaryllidoideae have been studied for their diverse biological activities, particularly for their properties in treating neurodegenerative diseases. This work examines the alkaloidal profile using GC-MS and UPLC-MS/MS of alkaloid-enriched extracts obtained from the leaves and bulbs of and their inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes.

Herbicidal Formulations with Plant-Based Compounds to Control , and Weeds.

Numerous studies have shown the potential effect of bioactive agents against weeds. In this study, we developed two binary formulations with nonanoic acid, citral, or thymoquinone as herbicides and evaluated their physicochemical properties. The presence of the bioactive compounds in the formulations was confirmed through FTIR spectroscopy.

Brid., a Bryophyta from Northwest Argentina as a Source of Antioxidants and Antimicrobials.

In recent years, numerous studies have emerged on the biological activities of bryophytes and their potential for therapeutic use. However, mosses appear to be a relatively overlooked group. The objective of this study was to conduct a phytochemical analysis of one hydroalcoholic extract of and to evaluate its potential as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent.

Jurassic Osmundaceous Landscapes in Patagonia: Exploring the Concept of Ecological Stasis in the Deseado Massif, Argentina.

Herein, we report the presence of a plant paleocommunity, dominated by ferns of the family Osmundaceae, structurally preserved from the only known Mesozoic, fossiliferous geothermal deposits, from the La Matilde Formation (Middle-Upper Jurassic) in the Deseado Massif of Southern Patagonia, Argentina. A total of 13 siliceous chert blocks sampled in an area of approximately 250 m, preserving a monotypic assemblage dominated by Osmundaceae embedded within its original swampy substrate, are documented. Additional Osmundaceae and fewer ferns and conifers are present in the stratigraphically continuous, adjacent chert levels.

Cellulose-Based Materials and Their Application in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage due to their high energy density, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. However, their commercialization is hindered by challenges, such as the polysulfide shuttle effect, lithium dendrite growth, and low electrical conductivity of sulfur cathodes. Cellulose, a natural, renewable, and versatile biopolymer, has emerged as a multifunctional material to address these issues.

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in the Gas and Crystal Phases and Its Intercalation in Montmorillonite-An Experimental and Theoretical Study.

Many properties of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) depend on its molecular environment, such as whether it is an isolated molecule, a dimer, or in a crystalline state. The molecular geometry, conformational analysis, and vibrational spectrum of 2,4-D were theoretically calculated using Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods. A new slightly more stable conformer was found, which is different to those previously reported.

Visual Performance After Bilateral Implantation of a New Enhanced Monofocal Hydrophobic Acrylic Intraocular Lens Targeted for Mini-Monovision.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate visual outcomes and patient satisfaction after bilateral implantation of a new hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lens called Clareon (Alcon) using the mini-monovision technique.

Methods: A single-center, prospective, nonrandomized study was conducted in Tandil (Buenos Aires, Argentina), including patients scheduled for cataract surgery. To achieve mini-monovision, the spherical equivalent was calculated between -0.

Searching for More Effective Food Baits for Tephritid Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae): Performance of Newly Developed Vial-Lures Relative to Torula Yeast Borax.

Food-baited traps are an important part of early detection programs for invasive tephritid fruit fly species, as they are attractive to both sexes of all targeted species. Torula yeast borax (TYB) mixture is a standard food bait, but its longevity is limited (1-2 weeks). Synthetic food-based lures have been developed, including ammonium acetate, putrescine, and trimethylamine.

Intraspecific Morphometric Variation in a New Species of Thélohan 1892 (Cnidaria) from the South Atlantic Ocean: An Ecomorphological Study Using Geometric Morphometrics.

A new species of (Ceratomyxidae, Myxosporea) was found infecting the gall bladder of the Argentine croaker Berg 1895 (Sciaenidae, Perciformes) from the Argentine sea. Using an integrative taxonomic approach that combines morphological, bioecological, and molecular analyses, we provide evidence that clearly differentiates this species from known taxa and formally describe as a new species. This study is the first to apply landmark-based geometric morphometrics (GM) in myxozoan research, providing a detailed analysis of conspecific morphometric variation of ceratomyxid myxospores, examining their natural variation within and among different ceratomyxids infecting the gall bladder of .

Morphology and Immunoexpression of Selenoproteins in Term Placenta of Alpaca () from the Peruvian Andes.

South American camelids inhabit high-altitude environments characterized by hypoxia, influencing embryonic, fetal, and placental development. This study examined the term placenta morphology of alpacas (, N = 12) and the immunoexpression of antioxidant selenoproteins (SP). We hypothesize that the placenta of alpacas, adapted to high altitudes, has characteristics with other species also adapted to altitude.

Comparison of Resampling Methods and Radiomic Machine Learning Classifiers for Predicting Bone Quality Using Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry.

: This study presents a novel approach, based on a combination of radiomic feature extraction, data resampling techniques, and machine learning algorithms, for the detection of degraded bone structures in Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) images. This comprehensive approach, which addresses the critical aspects of the problem, distinguishes this work from previous studies, improving the performance achieved by the most similar studies. The primary aim is to provide clinicians with an accessible tool for quality bone assessment, which is currently limited.

Development of an Operational Map for the 3D Printing of Phytosterol-Enriched Oleogels: Rheological Insights and Applications in Nutraceutical Design.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing attracts significant interest in the food industry for its ability to create complex structures and customize nutritional content. Printing materials, or inks, are specially formulated for food or nutraceuticals. These inks must exhibit proper rheological properties to flow smoothly during printing and form stable final structures.

Quality of life in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Latin American countries.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD). It is characterized by dyspnoea and a progressive decline in lung function, which negatively affects life. This study aimed to evaluate Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in IPF patients in Latin American countries.

Distal realignment and medial patellofemoral complex reconstruction for the correction of patellofemoral instability in a patient with transtibial amputation.

Patellofemoral instability (PFI) is a multifactorial condition typically observed following initial traumatic patellar dislocation. PFI depends on various factors such as limb alignment, bony structure, and the integrity of static and dynamic stabilizers. Patients with below-knee amputation have a higher risk of experiencing PFI.

[Is early discharge following primary total knee arthroplasty a risk factor for the development of complications, readmissions and unscheduled consultations?].

Introduction: total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical procedure with a growing number of indications worldwide. The trend in recent years has been to reduce hospital stay without compromising safety and quality of care. The aim of this study was to determine whether early discharge (less than 24 hours) is associated with a higher rate of complications, readmissions and unscheduled visits in patients undergoing primary knee arthroplasty.

Sarcoptes scabiei infestation in llamas (Lama glama) of the Argentine Puna: Clinical study, and morphological and molecular mite identification.

Sarcoptic mange has been described in domestic South American camelids (SACs), exported to non-Andean countries, and in wild SAC in their natural habitat. Reports on the incidence of this infestation in llamas or alpacas raised in their original location, on the other hand, are missing. The present study aimed to detect and characterize cases of sarcoptic mange in herds of llamas (Lama glama) raised in the high plateau region (Puna) of the province of Jujuy, Argentina.

Description and phylogenetic position of an unusual genus and species of allocreadiid trematode from a characid freshwater fish in South America.

The worldwide distributed family Allocreadiidae Looss, 1902 is predominantly parasitic in freshwater fish and occasionally in amphibians and reptiles. It contains 15 genera, of which only Allocreadium, Creptotrema, Wallinia and Creptotrematina have been reported in Argentina. The records of Allocreadium species still require further verification.

The parasitic fauna of the Chiloe wigeon Mareca sibilatrix (Anseriformes: Anatidae) from Ñuble region, Chile.

The Chiloe wigeon, Mareca sibilatrix (Anseriformes: Anatidae), is a native duck distributed mainly in Chile and Argentina. Although it is a common species in the Neotropical realm, studies on its parasitic fauna remain limited. This study aimed to gather additional data on host-parasite associations in M.

Drug combination assays using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system.

The C. elegans drug combination assay evaluates the effects of drug combinations in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, serving as a valuable tool to assess the efficacy of pharmaceutical agents and natural compounds. Using C.

Ketamine administration during adolescence impairs synaptic integration and inhibitory synaptic transmission in the adult dentate gyrus.

Ketamine administration during adolescence affects cognitive performance; however, its long-term impact on synaptic function and neuronal integration in the hippocampus a brain region critical for cognition remains unclear. Using functional and molecular analyses, we found that chronic ketamine administration during adolescence exerts long-term effects on synaptic integration, expanding the temporal window in an input-specific manner affecting the inner molecular layer but not the medial perforant path inputs in the adult mouse dorsal hippocampal dentate gyrus. Ketamine also alters the excitatory/inhibitory balance by reducing the efficacy of inhibitory inputs likely due to a reduction in parvalbumin-positive interneurons number and function.

The Efficacy and Safety of Cardiac Myosin Inhibitors Versus Placebo in Patients with Symptomatic Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction: Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (oHCM) is a genetic disorder characterized by myocardial hypertrophy, which can obstruct left ventricular outflow. Cardiac myosin inhibitors (CMIs) have emerged as a novel therapeutic agent targeting cardiac muscle hypercontractility.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of CMIs mavacamten and aficamten vs.

Understanding the bovine mastitis co-infections: Coexistence with Enterobacter alters S. aureus antibiotic susceptibility and virulence phenotype.

The World Health Organization recently reported an alarming evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance, a global risk factor recognized as a One Health challenge. In veterinary, the general lack of clear treatment guidelines often leads to antibiotic misuse. Bovine mastitis is responsible for major economic losses and the main cause of antibiotic administration in the dairy industry, favoring the emergence of multi-resistant phenotypes.

Enhancing epilepsy care in Argentina: Use of SEEG in a developing setting.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to describe a population of patients with drug resistant epilepsy who underwent stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) for epilepsy presurgical evaluation in a high complexity public hospital in Argentina.

Methods: We included patients from 2014 to 2023. We conducted a retrospective study of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy admitted to the Video-EEG unit.

Reproduction control in a feral feline population using an anti-GnRH vaccine.

This study aimed to evaluate the use of the Improvac® vaccine to avoid heat and pregnancies in queens and fertility in males during the breeding season. Twenty-eight intact animals were divided into treated males (G1, n = 7), treated females (G2, n = 18), and untreated males (G3, n = 3) that were untamed and could not be captured for immunization. In cats from the G1 group, the testicular volume (337.