Exploring the Relationship Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Biliary Diseases: A Comprehensive Analysis Using the United States National Inpatient Sample (2016-2020).

Background: () infection is widely recognized for its association with gastric diseases. Prior studies on the relationship between infection and biliary diseases have faced constraints, including inadequate control of confounding factors and small sample sizes. This study aims to explore the association between infection and biliary diseases using a large, population-based sample with adequate control for various covariates.

MicroRNA as Sepsis Biomarkers: A Comprehensive Review.

Sepsis, a life-threatening condition caused by the body's dysregulated response to infection, presents a significant challenge in clinical management. Timely and accurate diagnosis is paramount for initiating appropriate interventions and improving patient outcomes. In recent years, there has been growing interest in identifying biomarkers that can aid in the early detection and prognostication of sepsis.

Expression and Copy Number Alterations Predict Unfavorable Tumor Features and Adverse Outcomes in Patients With Breast Cancer.

The role of BRAF in breast cancer pathogenesis is still unclear. To address this knowledge gap, this study is aimed at evaluating the impact of BRAF gene expression and copy number alterations (CNAs) on clinicopathologic characteristics and survival in patients with breast cancer. The Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) dataset was obtained from the cBioPortal public domain.

Middle Eastern Expert Opinion: Strategies for Successful Antifungal Stewardship Program Implementation in Invasive Fungal Infections.

In recent years, global public health efforts have increasingly emphasized the critical role of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in improving outcomes, reducing costs, and combating the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. However, antifungal stewardship (AFS) has remained relatively overlooked despite the staggering impact of invasive fungal infections (IFIs). This burden is particularly pronounced in hospitals worldwide, with the Middle East facing significant unmet needs.

Exploring Scopoletin's Therapeutic Efficacy in DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis: Insights into Inflammatory Pathways, Immune Modulation, and Microbial Dynamics.

This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of scopoletin in ulcerative colitis, with a primary focus on its impact on crucial inflammatory pathways and immune responses. A male mouse model of DSS-induced colitis was employed with six distinct groups: a control group, a group subjected to DSS only, three groups treated with varying scopoletin doses, and the final group treated with dexamethasone. The investigation included an assessment of the effects of scopoletin on colitis symptoms, including alterations in body weight, Disease Activity Index (DAI), and histopathological changes in colonic tissue.

Unlocking the potential: Exploring the opportunities for occupational therapists in cyberpsychology.

It has long been established that occupational therapists (OTs) play an important role in assisting clients suffering from a variety of physical and mental health conditions. Cyberpsychology is a relatively new field in medicine that pertains to how technology influences people's mental health and behavior. It covers the effects of social media, online gaming, virtual-augmented reality, artificial intelligence, and other forms of technology on individuals.

Effectiveness of Simultaneous Combined Intervention for Enhancing Cognitive Function in Patients with Moderate Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: The evidence supporting the effectiveness of combined interventions in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients remains inconclusive.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the mid- and long-term effectiveness of physical training, alone or combined with cognitive games, on cognitive performance in patients with moderate AD.

Methods: Seventy-nine AD patients (≈73% females, age of ≈70±1 years) were randomly divided into three groups: aerobic-based training (AT-group,  = 27), aerobic-based training plus cognitive games (ACT-group,  = 25), and a control group engaged in reading (CG,  = 26), two sessions per week.

A Novel Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 13 Variant and Unusual Association of Situs Inversus Partialis in a Child From Bahrain: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 13 (CDK13)-related disorder is a rare autosomal dominant disease caused by pathogenic variants in the gene. This disorder was found to be related to several clinical features, including structural cardiac anomalies, developmental delay, anomalies of the corpus callosum, and a variety of facial dysmorphisms. In addition, feeding difficulties and neonatal hypotonia might also present.

Does acute aerobic exercise enhance selective attention, working memory, and problem-solving abilities in Alzheimer's patients? A sex-based comparative study.

Introduction: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of acute aerobic exercise on certain cognitive functions known to be affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD), with a particular emphasis on sex differences.

Methods: A total of 53 patients, with a mean age of 70.54 ± 0.

Assessing the Decision-Making Capabilities of Artificial Intelligence Platforms as Institutional Review Board Members.

Institutional review boards (IRBs) face delays in reviewing research proposals, underscoring the need for optimized standard operating procedures (SOPs). This study assesses the abilities of three artificial intelligence (AI) platforms to address IRB challenges and draft essential SOPs. An observational study was conducted using three AI platforms in 10 case studies reflecting IRB functions, focusing on creating SOPs.

Scopoletin mitigates maternal separation-induced anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors in male mice through modulation of the Sirt1/NF-κB pathway.

Rationale: Early-life maternal separation can lead to anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors in mice reared under maternal separation conditions. Scopoletin, a compound with anti-inflammatory and antidepressant properties, may offer therapeutic benefits, but its effectiveness against behaviors induced by maternal separation during adulthood remains unexplored.

Objectives: This study investigates scopoletin's efficacy in alleviating anxiety-like and depression-like phenotypes in male mice subjected to early-life maternal separation.

Implementing Formative Assessment in Human Anatomy Practical Sessions: Medical Students' Perception and Effect on Final Exam Performance.

Background: Formative assessment with feedback is part of the assessment program in medical education to improve students' learning. Limited research has focused on its application and impact on practical anatomy education.

Methods: This study aimed to examine medical students' perceptions of formative assessment in practical anatomy sessions of body systems-based educational units and explore its influence on final practical exam performance.

Giant Ganglioneuroma of the Lumbar Spine: A Rare Cause of Radiculopathy.

Background: Ganglioneuroma (GN) is a rare, benign tumor that originates from neural crest cells and can potentially affect any anatomical site within the sympathetic nervous system. Typically, GNs are more frequently reported in children and young adults, with a slightly higher prevalence in females. We are reporting a rare case of a giant lumbar spine ganglioneuroma by outlining the clinical presentation, radiological finding, management, and outcome.

Complicated Case of a Giant Bladder Stone and Forgotten Double-J (DJ) Stent in an Otherwise Healthy Elderly Patient: A Case Report.

Giant bladder stones, defined as stones weighing over 100 g and/or measuring more than 4 cm in diameter, are relatively uncommon compared to other types of urinary tract stones. This patient, an 85-year-old male with an unknown medical history, initially presented with urinary incontinence and hematuria. Radiological findings revealed a large prostate, a forgotten left renal double-J (DJ) stent for more than 20 years with an encrusted bladder stone, and additional calculi in the lower pole of the left kidney.

Volume of Enlarged White Matter of Thalamus among Individuals with Depression on Magnetic Resonance Image: A Study of BrainSuite Segmentation.

Background: The thalamus, located in the diencephalon, regulates emotions and memories. If there is a problem in this area of the brain, it can cause an amnestic syndrome characterized by difficulties in remembering and recognizing things. The objective of this study was to identify changes in the volume of the thalamus while contrasting them among individuals with depression.

Retrospective Tertiary Care-Based Cohort Study on Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Ceftazidime-Avibactam-Resistant Carbapenem-Resistant Infections.

Introduction: The advent of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI)-resistant carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) isolates has been steadily documented in recent years. We aimed to identify risk factors of CAZ-AVI-resistant CRKP infection and assess clinical outcomes of patients.

Methods: The study retrospectively examined the clinical and microbiological data of patients with ceftazidime avibactam susceptible and ceftazidime avibactam-resistant carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae infection to identify risk factors, clinical features, and outcomes using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Spontaneous Splenic Rupture in a Young Patient: A Comprehensive Case Report and Literature Review.

Spontaneous splenic rupture (SSR), a rare but potentially life-threatening condition, typically occurs in the absence of trauma or underlying splenic disease. This report aims to contribute to the limited body of knowledge regarding its occurrence, diagnosis, and management in this demographic. We describe the case of a 20-year-old patient with no significant medical history who presented with acute abdominal pain and hypovolemic shock.

Molecular autopsy by proxy: relevance for genetic counseling in rare genetic disorders.

Background: Rare genetic disorders may result in death before a definitive clinical diagnosis is established.

Aim: This study aims to outline the processes and challenges in managing, from a genetic perspective, couples who lost children affected by rare genetic disorders.

Results: Six couples who experienced child loss due to rare genetic disorders, seen by the primary author at genetic evaluation and counseling sessions, were retrospectively analyzed.

Comparative study of phenotypic-based detection assays for carbapenemases in Acinetobacter baumannii.

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is a serious health concern worldwide, causing high mortality rates and limited medical therapy options. Carbapenem resistance is a significant problem in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. The synthesis of acquired carbapenemases, such as oxacillinases, IMP, NDM, VIM, and KPC enzymes, causes carbapenem resistance.

Insights From the National Inpatient Sample (2016-2019) on Laryngeal Cancer Incidence and Trends.

Background: Laryngeal cancer has a significant impact on speech, swallowing, and quality of life. This study aims to analyze laryngeal cancer trends using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database, providing insights into its epidemiology.

Methods: Data from the NIS database was analyzed for a cohort of 14,282 laryngeal cancer cases from 2016 to 2019.